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LBRY Claims • t12-t8-led-conversion-why-i-bypassed-the

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8 Jul 2020 16:23:53 UTC
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T12 - T8-LED Conversion: Why I Bypassed the Ballasts
My two main reasons were reduced power consumption and increased reliability.

After nearly 30 years of use with the old T12 fluorescent fixtures and the yearly task of changing out flickering tubes and failed ballasts, I wanted something simpler and more energy efficient. My old lights were using over 2KWH/day lighting my shop. By bypassing or removing the magnetic ballasts, I'm reducing the power consumption of each fixture by 10W. This way I see the full power savings benefit of the LED conversion, dropping the per fixture power consumption from 80W before to about 36W now. And with no ballast in the circuit, there's no chance of it failing. If you leave the ballast inside the fixture, it could be reconnected if needed in the future.

Types of LED tubes:

Type A, Direct Fit or Plug-and-Play tubes work with existing, compatible ballasts. This makes sense if you would have to pay $100 or more for an electrician to modify an already installed fixture. Just let the maintenance crew change out the tubes as they need replacing.

Type B or Ballast-Bypass tubes need to be directly powered, line and one end and neutral at the other end. If you have the ability to do this for little cost, this gives a good overall result.

Type C tubes use a separate low voltage driver to power the tubes with DC voltage. These drivers can either be installed in the fixture or remotely. Here you can separately replace a failed driver or a failed tube, but you may be locked into a specific tube to match your drivers.

Type D or Hybrid or Dual-Technology tubes can operate either with a (compatible) ballast or directly line powered. Here you can simply swap tubes to LEDs now and down the road when the ballast eventually fails, bypass it.

One thing to note with using a Type B (and possibly Type D) tube is you have line potential at both ends of the fixture. And if you plug one end of the tube in, the pins on the other end will likely be live. So don't get in the habit of touching the pins while installing or removing the tube with the fixture powered. I've never done that myself, but have heard stores of people doing that. Supposedly with a fluorescent tube, you can do this and the tube won't be conductive enough to shock a person.

I did re-label my shop light fixtures, crossing out the 40W fluorescent tube label and instead adding "Ballast Bypassed for Type B LED tube". I also labelled the tombstone connectors with "L" and "N" just to be extra clear as to how the fixture is wired.

Ballast types and power consumption:
https://www.naturallighting.com/cart/store.php?sc_page=50

Good discussion of pros and cons of the various LED retrofit options, mainly form a commercial standpoint:
https://insights.regencylighting.com/plug-and-play-or-ballast-bypass-linear-
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CPRoF6CNrxo
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