Prescribing by Numbers: Drugs and the Definition of Disease
The second half of the twentieth century witnessed the emergence of a new model of chronic diseasediagnosed on the basis of numerical deviations rather than symptoms and treated on a preventive basis before any overt signs of illness developthat arose in concert with a set of safe effective and highly marketable prescription drugs In Prescribing by Numbers physicianhistorian Jeremy A Greene examines the mechanisms by which drugs and chronic disease categories define one another within medical research clinical practice and pharmaceutical marketing and he explores how this interaction has profoundly altered the experience politics ethics and economy of health in latetwentiethcentury America Prescribing by Numbers highlights the complex historical role of pharmaceuticals in the transformation of disease categories Greene narrates the expanding definition of the three principal cardiovascular risk factorshypertension diabetes and high cholesteroleach intersecting with the career of a particular pharmaceutical agent Drawing on documents from corporate archives and contemporary pharmaceutical marketing literature in concert with the clinical literature and the records of researchers clinicians and public health advocates Greene produces a fascinating account of the expansion of the pharmaceutical treatment of chronic disease over the past fifty years While acknowledging the influence of pharmaceutical marketing on physicians Greene avoids demonizing drug companies Rather his provocative and comprehensive analysis sheds light on the increasing presence of the subjectively healthy but highly medicated individual in the American medical landscape suggesting how historical analysis can help to address the problems inherent in the program of pharmaceutical prevention
Author: Brian Leiter
This provocative book addresses one of the most enduring puzzles in political philosophy and constitutional theorywhy is religion singled out for preferential treatment in both law and public discourse? Why are religious obligations that conflict with the law accorded special toleration while other obligations of conscience are not? In Why Tolerate Religion?, Brian Leiter shows why our reasons for tolerating religion are not specific to religion but apply to all claims of conscience, and why a government committed to liberty of conscience is not required by the principle of toleration to grant exemptions to laws that promote the general welfare.
Author: Freeman Tilden
Every year millions of Americans visit national parks and monuments, state and municipal parks, battlefields, historic houses, and museums. By means of guided walks and talks, tours, exhibits, and signs, visitors experience these areas through a very special kind of communication technique known as interpretation. For fifty years, Freeman Tilden's Interpreting Our Heritage has been an indispensable sourcebook for those who are responsible for developing and delivering interpretive programs. This expanded and revised anniversary edition includes not only Tilden's classic work but also an entirely new selection of accompanying photographs, five additional essays by Tilden on the art and craft of interpretation, a new foreword by former National Park Service director Russell Dickenson, and an introduction by R. Bruce Craig that puts Tilden's writings into perspective for present and future generations. Whether the challenge is to make a prehistoric site come to life; to explain the geological basis behind a particular rock formation; to touch the hearts and minds of visitors to battlefields, historic homes, and sites; or to teach a child about the wonders of the natural world, Tilden's book, with its explanation of the famed six principles of interpretation, provides a guiding hand. For anyone interested in our natural and historic heritage--park volunteers and rangers, museum docents and educators, new and seasoned professional heritage interpreters, and those lovingly characterized by Tilden as happy amateurs--Interpreting Our Heritage and Tilden's later interpretive writings, included in this edition, collectively provide the essential foundation for bringing into focus the truths that lie beyond what the eye sees.
Author: Susan L. Trollinger
More than 19 million tourists flock to Amish Country each year, drawn by the opportunity to glimpse a better time and the quaint beauty of picturesque farmland and handcrafted quilts. What they may find, however, are elaborately themed town centers, outlet malls, or even a water park. Susan L. Trollinger explores this puzzling incongruity, showing that Amish tourism is anything but plain and simple. Selling the Amish takes readers on a virtual tour of three such tourist destinations in Ohios Amish Country, the worlds largest Amish settlement. Trollinger examines the visual rhetoric of these uniquely themed placestheir architecture, interior decor, even their merchandise and souvenirsand explains how these features create a setting and a story that brings tourists back year after year. This compelling story is, Trollinger argues, in part legitimized by the Amish themselves. To Americans faced with anxieties about modern life, being near the Amish way of life is comforting. The Amish seem to have escaped the rush of contemporary life, the confusion of gender relations, and the loss of ethnic heritage. While the Amish way supports the idealized experience of these tourist destinations, it also raises powerful questions. Tourists may want a life uncomplicated by technology, but would they be willing to drive around in horse-drawn buggies in order to achieve it? Trollinger's answers to important questions in her fascinating study of Amish Country tourism are sure to challenge readers understanding of this surprising cultural phenomenon.
Author: Percy Ellwood Corbett
The Growth of World Law tells the story of the achievements that constitute an historic trend in the half century since the inauguration of the League of Nations, and documents transition from international law regulating conduct among states to world law for mankind: law transcending states and equally applicable to individuals, corporations, international organizations, and states.Originally published in 1971.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Eric Sundquist takes four representative writersJames Fenimore Cooper Henry David Thoreau Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melvilleand considers the way in which each grapples with the crucial issues of genealogy and authority in his works From all four a common pattern emerges the desire to revolt against the past is countered by the need to invoke or even repeat it Sundquists approach to the texts is psychoanalytic but he does not attempt a clinical dissection of each writer rather he determines how personal crisis became material for engaging with larger questions of social and literary crisis
Author: R. G. Matson
Presents a new model for the origins of Basketmaker II culture based on the evolution of maize use, focusing on the changes in maize growing rather than on the changes in, or to, the people involved.
Author: Ronald William Maris
It is estimated that forty-five to fifty percent of all Americans will suffer a mental disorder at some time during their lives. Increasingly, the treatment for these disorders is management with one or more psychiatric drugs, often prescribed by general practitioners. In Pillaged Ronald William Maris evaluates the psychiatric medications commonly used to treat several major types of psychiatric disorders-including depression and mood disorders, bipolar disorders, anxiety disorders, and psychotic disordersasking do they work as advertised? and, more importantly, are they safe? Answers to these questions are more ambiguous than we might think, Maris explains, because drug manufacturers tend to minimize the adverse effects of their products. Furthermore, the underlying neurobiological theories of how psychiatric drugs work are complex, poorly understood, and often conflicting. Still Americans spend tens of billions of dollars a year on antidepressants and antipsychotics alone. While Maris questions the rampant prescribing of psychiatric medications especially in young people, Pillaged does not suggest that anyone cavalierly discontinue potentially beneficial psychiatric medications without the advice of a qualified mental health professional. The book acknowledges that psychiatric medications are often necessary in treating some psychiatric conditions, but it reminds readers of medications potential for degrading ones quality of life, contributing to self-destructive behaviors, and even leading to death in a vulnerable minority of patients. Maris advocates an open and honest discussion of data on psychiatric drugs, their effects, and their dangers, and he reminds readers of available alternative, nondrug treatments for psychiatric disorders. By reviewing the history and effects of medications for mental disorders, Maris hopes to educate health care consumers and prescribers to make careful, informed decisions about the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Author: Gaby Pelletier
Once an integral feature of the culture and economy of the St. Francis Abenaki at Odanak, splint basketry has become an activity of the elderly. This volume examines the reasons for this change as indicated by alterations to basketry style and construction between 1880 and the present and the influence of historical events.
Author: Edited by Nancy L. Canepa
Teaching Fairy Tales edited by Nancy L. Canepa brings together scholars who have contributed to the field of fairy-tale studies since its origins. This collection offers information on materials, critical approaches and ideas, and pedagogical resources for the teaching of fairy tales in one comprehensive source that will further help bring fairy-tale studies into the academic mainstream. The volume begins by posing some of the big questions that stand at the forefront of fairy-tale studies: How should we define the fairy tale? What is the classic fairy tale? Does it make sense to talk about a fairy-tale canon? The first chapter includes close readings of tales and their variants, in order to show how fairy tales aren't simple, moralizing, and/or static narratives. The second chapter focuses on essential moments and documents in fairy-tale history, investigating how we gain unique perspectives on cultural history through reading fairy tales. Contributors to chapter 3 argue that encouraging students to approach fairy tales critically, either through well-established lenses or newer ways of thinking, enables them to engage actively with material that can otherwise seem over-familiar. Chapter 4 makes a case for using fairy tales to help students learn a foreign language. Teaching Fairy Tales also includes authors' experiences of successful hands-on classroom activities with fairy tales, syllabi samples from a range of courses, and testimonies from storytellers that inspire students to reflect on the construction and transmission of narrative by becoming tale-tellers themselves. Teaching Fairy Tales crosses disciplinary, historical, and national boundaries to consider the fairy-tale corpus integrally and from a variety of perspectives. Scholars from many different academic areas will use this volume to explore and implement new aspects of the field of fairy-tale studies in their teaching and research.