HISTORY & USE of Resin Materials Parkesine Bakelite Celluloid & Plastic Products
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http://bit.ly/Toy-TalkToday’s topic is the history of resin & at the end of the video I’m going to mention a few resin models that have been made in recent years.
Resin family of plastics has existed for thousands of years. Throughout time resins have been associated with either natural products, or as the manufactured synthetic materials. Synthetic resins are polymers, which are plastics.
Sap is a natural resin. Often seen seeping out of pine trees as a thick amber gooey ooze. When it fossilizes, the pine sap becomes Amber. Natural resins have been with us since ancient Egypt. The Mongols used resin around 1200 AD to make a composite bow. They bound the parts together with pine resin.
From the 1870’s to the 1930’s, scientists were working on developing the first synthetically-manufactured resins. Resins became some of the most important synthetic polymers.
English chemist Alexander Parkes, who in 1856 was granted the first of several patents on a plastic material that he called Parkesine.
The year 1869 was an important development year for synthetic plastics. A plastic compound was made from cellulose nitrate & camphor resin. Called celluloid. Celluloid changed manufacturing. Items that were not thought to be possible to make with existing material were now possible to make. Combs, hairbrush handles, & TOYS to name a few. As a Thermoplastic, celluloid was easy to color, was washable & durable. It had one serious draw back, celluloid was flammable.
One of the most popular uses for celluloid was in the. motion-picture industry. Celluloid was used as a base for motion-picture film.
Plastics are all polymers. Polymers are broken down into two groups thermoplastics & thermosets. We have talked about thermoplastics which are used in the plastic injection machine & used in vacuum forming various plastic objects. This type of polymer can be recycled many times.
Thermosets, however, cannot be re-melted or be used over & over again. Once a Thermoset polymer is formed in a desired shape it will remain in that shape. Thermoset polymers do not lend themselves to re melting. Recycling is possible but very difficult.
Parkesine, was the first plastic developed. As a thermoplastic it has found many uses & is readily recyclable.
Bakelite on the other hand, was the first real synthetic plastic developed. Belonging to the thermos
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOkhclvzRDA