Author: Ole Peter Grell File Type: pdf This is the first volume to take a broad historical sweep of the close relation between medicines and poisons in the Western tradition, and their interconnectedness. They are like two ends of a spectrum, for the same natural material can be medicine or poison, depending on the dose, and poisons can be transformed into medicines, while medicines can turn out to be poisons. The book looks at important moments in the history of the relationship between poisons and medicines in European history, from Roman times, with the Greek physician Galen, through the Renaissance and the maverick physician Paracelsus, to the present, when poisons are actively being turned into beneficial medicines. **

Author: Carlos R. Galvao-Sobrinho File Type: pdf During the fourth century A.D., theological controversy divided Christian communities throughout the Eastern half of the Roman Empire. Not only was the truth about God at stake, but also the authority of church leaders, whose legitimacy depended on their claims to represent that truth. In this book, Galvao-Sobrinho argues that out of these disputes was born a new style of church leadership, one in which the power of the episcopal office was greatly increased. The author shows how these disputes compelled church leaders repeatedly to assert their orthodoxy and legitimacytasks that required them to mobilize their congregations and engage in action that continuously projected their power in the public arena. These developments were largely the work of prelates of the first half of the fourth century, but the style of command they inaugurated became the basis for a dynamic model of ecclesiastical leadership found throughout late antiquity. ** During the fourth century A.D., theological controversy divided Christian communities throughout the Eastern half of the Roman Empire. Not only was the truth about God at stake, but also the authority of church leaders, whose legitimacy depended on their claims to represent that truth. In this book, Galvao-Sobrinho argues that out of these disputes was born a new style of church leadership, one in which the power of the episcopal office was greatly increased. The author shows how these disputes compelled church leaders repeatedly to assert their orthodoxy and legitimacytasks that required them to mobilize their congregations and engage in action that continuously projected their power in the public arena. These developments were largely the work of prelates of the first half of the fourth century, but the style of command they inaugurated became the basis for a dynamic model of ecclesiastical leadership found throughout late antiquity.

Author: Gabriel Nostradamus File Type: epub The Victorian era is renowned for its fascination with the superstitious and the spiritual the theatrics of the magician, the fortune-teller and the seance astounded nineteenth-century audiences. This illustrated book, first published in 1900, offers a laymans guide to matters magical and mysterious, including how to interpret dreams, omens of good and evil, palm-reading, using ouija boards and identifying witches. **

Author: Ian James File Type: pdf This book gives a critical assessment of key developments in contemporary French philosophy, highlighting the diverse ways in which recent French thought has moved beyond the philosophical positions and arguments which have been widely associated with the terms post-structuralism and postmodernism. These developments are assessed through a close comparative reading of the work of seven contemporary thinkers Jean-Luc Marion, Jean-Luc Nancy, Bernard Stiegler, Catherine Malabou, Jacques Ranciere, Alain Badiou and Francois Laruelle.The book situates the writing of each philosopher in relation to earlier traditions of French thought. In differing ways, these philosophers decisively distance themselves from the linguistic paradigm which dominated so much twentieth-century thought in order to rethink philosophical conceptions of materiality, worldliness, shared embodied existence and human agency or subjectivity. They thereby open the way for a radical renewal of the claims, possibilities and transformative power of philosophical thinking itself.This book will be an indispensable text for students of philosophy and for anyone interested in current developments in philosophy and social thought.ReviewIt is difficult to imagine a better introduction to contemporary French thought than this one.French StudiesDefinitely a welcome contribution to the task of invigorating and renewing scholarship on French philosophy, that will hopefully raise new interest in texts whose theoretical and interpretative matrix is still ongoing.Review 31An all-encompassing view provided by this concise and insightful book allows us to comprehend the pressing issues of fundamentalism, evil and death, of madness and reason, of the questions of how something new might enter the world.SpectrumIan Jamess impressive new work carves out, with precision and clarity, a distinctive new domain within recent French philosophy, revealing a varied spectrum of thinkers who share a common desire to go beyond dominant theories of signification to engage with both the materiality of the real and the question of subjectivity in the wake of structuralism. A real contribution to French intellectual history.Christina Howells, University of OxfordConcise, insightful, lucidly argued, The New French Philosophy discerns how seven thinkers turn away from the linguistic and writerly paradigms of the heyday of structuralism and post-structuralism. By invigorating French thought through emphasis on materiality and the concrete, James addresses pressing political, social and aesthetic dilemmas. His highly original discussions inform, delight and energize.Verena Andermatt Conley, Harvard UniversityIan James The New French Philosophy provides an intelligent and accessible overview of the current state of play contemporary French philosophy. Students will welcome James clear-minded thinking, but will also benefit from an original contribution to the developments he outlines. The book is an ideal introduction to the post-linguistic orientation of French thought.Steven Groarke, Roehampton UniversityThe vibrancy of French philosophy continues. Rather than succumb to the presentation of the development of thought within mere chronology, Ian James, by focusing on the centrality of materiality and the capacity of thought to enact modes of transformation, has recast the philosophical. Positing a set of relations between thinkers, James has provided a deeper and more complex version of contemporary French philosophy than has been aviable hitherto.Andrew Benjamin, Monash UniversityAbout the AuthorIan James is university lecturer in the Department of French at the University of Cambridge.