Author: Richard Smyth File Type: epub This is the hidden history of an invention that we use every day but seldom dare to speak of. In medieval China it was cutting-edge technology. For 19th-century Americans it was a newfangled alternative to dried corncobs and the Sears & Roebuck catalogue. Wits in Georgian London preferred pages of bad poetry. The sages of ancient Athens were content to wield the xylospongion instead. Its the tale of toilet paper the biography of bumfodder. From its origins at the Imperial court of Emperor Hongwu to its reinvention as a quack remedy for haemorrhoids in 1870s New York city from the Dutch and their mussel-shells to Henry VIII and his Groom of the Stool from Madame de Pries pioneering bidet to the space-age Washlet from leaf-wielding chimpanzees to Mr Thirsty Fiber and the worlds first three-adjective loo-roll - its a story of necessity and invention, luxury and squalor, experiment and tradition. What does a submarine crew do when it runs out of toilet paper? Who stole the Popes loo-roll? Does printers ink cause piles? How do you fold a sheet of toilet paper in half more than seven times? What did bumphleteers do, and why? Richard Smyth answers the questions you never thought to ask about the product we cant live without.
Author: Karin J. MacHardy
File Type: pdf
This case study of the causes of the Thirty Years War suggests an alternative framework to that of Absolutism, and views state-building as an interactive bargaining process that can engender challenges to political authority. It shows how selective court patronage changed the cultural habits of nobles in education, manners, and tastes, but failed to transform religious identities, which were intimately tied to noble interests. Instead, the confessionalization of patronage deepened divisions within the elite, providing multiple incentives for the formation of an anti-Habsburg alliance among Protestants in 1620. **
Author: Barbara Kingsolver
File Type: epub
Clear-eyed and spirited, Taylor Greer grew up poor in rural Kentucky with the goals of avoiding pregnancy and getting away. But when she heads west with high hopes and a barely functional car, she meets the human condition head-on. By the time Taylor arrives in Tucson, Arizona, she has acquired a completely unexpected child, a three-year-old American Indian girl named Turtle, and must somehow come to terms with both motherhood and the necessity for putting down roots. Hers is a story about love and friendship, abandonment and belonging, and the discovery of surprising resources in apparently empty places.
Author: Luke Pitcher
File Type: pdf
History is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon, said Napoleon. Yet the actual writing of history, especially ancient history, is a practice that often prompts more discord than assent. In his new textbook, Luke Pitcher aims to overcome the hostility which exists between two rival camps in their study of classical historiography. The first camp looks at the classical historians with an eye to what data they can provide about the ancient world. The second camp examines the ancient writers as literary texts in their own right, employing the tools of literary criticism and engaging with such matters as narrative artistry. Attempting to fuse these two -- mutually suspicious -- approaches, Luke Pitchers attractive introduction offers undergraduate students of classics the first comprehensive introduction to historiography in antiquity on the market. It unites the nitty-gritty of the historians trade (the finding and managing of data) to an awareness of the importance of style, form, allusion and composition. The book also seeks to do justice to invididual classical historians, and discusses such important figures as Livy, Tacitus, Herodotus, Cicero, Plutarch and Lucian. A comprehensive bibliography and glossary are included. Writing Ancient History at last does full justice to the mechanics of history-writing in the ancient world. **
Author: Rebecca N. Ferguson
File Type: pdf
A concise guide to all things historical, this compendium addresses people, times, and events in a wide-ranging and comprehensive manner, complemented by helpful illustrations and a chronology of major events. Some of the history-making events include the election of George W. Bush, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and wars in Afghanistan and Iraq spectacular images from probes in outer space, medical advances and debate, and many new scientific discoveries on Earth a devastating earthquake in Iran and the deadly tsunami in Asia the downfall of Enron and the comeback of Apple, as well as the dot-com bubble burst. Beginning with a section on historical eras, this popular reference source tracks history and organizes information in 13 specific subject sections, ranging from politics and war to science and religion. It tackles exploration and settlement, technological advances, legal fireworks, financial and business events, social movements, natural and man-made disasters, medicine and disease, and art and culture. This resource is the perfect fingertip, time-traveling guide through the pages of history.
Author: Timothy Daniel Hogan
File Type: pdf
SUCCESSFULLY RAISE CAPITAL FOR YOUR START-UP OR EARLY STAGE COMPANY!As former Wall Street financiers turned entrepreneurs, we know what youre going through or about to go through. We have felt the pain of attempting to capitalize start-up and early stage companies. We know how to succeed, but more importantly, we know about failure and how to avoid it.When it comes to raising capital the JOBS Act of 2012 has changed everything... Its not Crowd Funding that will be the greatest benefit to most entrepreneurs, but the expansion of Regulation D 506. All privately held companies now have the ability to legally advertise securities to raise an unlimited amount of capital from accredited investors. If you use high yield hybrid securities to compete with low yielding bank CDs, your phone will ring of the hook with investors calling you!If you are determined to raise capital for your start-up or early stage company, this resource was made for you, and will open your eyes to the process that will get your company funded. It is the only resource available online that shows Entrepreneurs the whole process so they can successfully get the capital they need without wasting time or money where others fail. Get right to the source, and turn your dream into reality. TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE - 3 -FOREWORD - 5 -Chapter 1 Introduction - 9 -Chapter 2 Raising Capital in the United States - 20 CAPITALIZING ON THE WINDS OF CHANGECAPITALIZING ON THE WINDS OF CHANGE - 22 -Chapter 3 The Five Most Important Concepts When Raising Capital - 27 -Chapter 4 Rules of the Game - 28 -Chapter 5 The Top 15 Reasons Why Entrepreneurs Fail to Raise Capital - 37 -Chapter 6 The Four Professional Functions of a Securities Offering - 39 -Chapter 7 Organizational Structures - 40 -Chapter 8 Deal Structuring - 44 DEAL STRUCTURES FOR FUNDS Chapter 9 Investment Risk vs. Return - 52 -Chapter 10 The Two Most Popular Deal Structures - 53 -Chapter 11 The R&D of Debt Capital - 60 -Chapter 12 The R&D of Equity Capital - 62 -Chapter 13 Making Structural Changes - 66 -Chapter 14 Changing the Mode of Operation - 69 -Chapter 15 Instructions to Producing Pro Forma Financial Projections - 70 -Chapter 16 Company Valuation and Securities Pricing - 71 -Chapter 17 Securities Offering Document Production - 75 -Chapter 18 Soliciting & Selling Securities to Raise Capital - 83 -Chapter 19 Compliance with Federal and State Securities Laws - 93 -EXHIBIT A - 94 -FINANCIAL ARCHITECT DEMO - 94 -EXHIBIT B 121SAMPLE WORK PRODUCT 121hrWhat Educators are saying...As an entrepreneur turned educator I only wish I had access to such an insightful book when I started my first business. The CCA people have taken the mystery out of raising capital and how capital deals are structured. Though a step by step process the entrepreneur can now look at the many options available to raise capital and scale their business. The book is a must read for serious entrepreneurs who want to grow.Leonard Gingerella, Clinical Professor, Entrepreneurial StudiesLoyola University-ChicagoThis book is a complete primer that is straightforward, accurate, and practical. It simplifies the legal and financial complexities of the funding process in direct language, and is focused on getting the entrepreneur to do what heshe does best take action.Raman Chadha, Executive Director, Coleman Entrepreneurship Center DePaul UniversityIts a clear explanation of the process for raising early-stage capital with valuable warnings about the pitfalls.Robert F. Anderson, Director of Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago The Ebook is one of the most complete and well written primers on the subject that I have read. We intend to make it required reading for our inventors
Author: Andre Millard
File Type: pdf
This exploration of rock n roll music and culture in Birmingham, Alabama, is based on the oral histories of musicians, their fans and professionals in the popular music industry. Collected over a twenty-year period, their stories describe the coming of rock n roll in the 1950s, the rise of the garage bands in the 1960s, of southern rock in the 1970s, and of alternative music in the 1980s and 1990s. Told in the words of the musicians themselves, Magic City Nights provides an insiders view of the dramatic changes in the business and status of popular music from the era of the vacuum tube to twenty-first-century digital technology. These collective memories offer a unique perspective on the impact of a subversive and racially integrated music culture in one of the most conservative and racially divided cities in the country. Hardcover is un-jacketed.
Author: Christopher Fowler
File Type: epub
There are a great many authors we grew up with whose books became touchstones in our lives, who have simply disappeared. What happened to them? Adopting false identities, switching genders, losing fortunes, descending into alcoholism, discovering new careers, the stories of the missing authors are often more surprising than any of the fictions they wrote. But their books live on in our homes and our memories. Theyre passed to our children, to our friends, to secondhand shops. And sometimes they surprise everyone by revealing their secrets. **
Author: Daisy Neijmann
File Type: pdf
A History of Icelandic Literature provides a complete overview of the literature of Iceland, from the countrys settlement in the ninth century until the present day, including chapters on lesser-known areas such as drama, childrens literature, womens literature, and North American Icelandic literature. It is the first work to give non-Icelandic readers a wide-ranging introduction to Icelands literature and each contributor to this volume is a recognized expert in his or her area.Despite its peripheral geographical position and small population, Iceland produced some of the most remarkable literary treasures of the Middle Ages, particularly sagas and Eddic poetry. These medieval works have inspired poets and writers across the centuries, who in turn have inspired the Icelandic people during the countrys long history of hardships and up to its more affluent present. This volume extends knowledge of Icelandic literature outside the country and encourages its inclusion in comparative studies of literatures across national and linguistic boundaries.** A History of Icelandic Literature provides a complete overview of the literature of Iceland, from the countrys settlement in the ninth century until the present day, including chapters on lesser-known areas such as drama, childrens literature, womens literature, and North American Icelandic literature. It is the first work to give non-Icelandic readers a wide-ranging introduction to Icelands literature and each contributor to this volume is a recognized expert in his or her area.Despite its peripheral geographical position and small population, Iceland produced some of the most remarkable literary treasures of the Middle Ages, particularly sagas and Eddic poetry. These medieval works have inspired poets and writers across the centuries, who in turn have inspired the Icelandic people during the countrys long history of hardships and up to its more affluent present. This volume extends knowledge of Icelandic literature outside the country and encourages its inclusion in comparative studies of literatures across national and linguistic boundaries.(20071001)ReviewEach of the books four sections is written by a different Icelandic scholar, but all share the same high level of readability thanks to excellent translations. . . . Although obscure, Icelandic literature deserves serious attention this volume provides an excellent introduction.CHOICE(CHOICE 20080718)The authors are to be praised for embedding their discussions in social and ideological context and also for taking up topics not always found in literary history such as, for example, translations, which are an important part of what people really read, or the contemporary book market with its Christmas-season timing. . . . [A History of Icelandic Literature] is a valuable gift indeed.Scandinavian Studies(Scandinavian Studies 20070217)A History of Icelandic Literature is a long-awaited and extensive overview that will, no doubt, be valuable for non-Icelandic students and scholars in the relevant fields for the next few decades.Sven H. Rossel, Scandinavian-Canadian Studies(Sven H. Rossel Scandinavian-Canadian Studies )This is a collection that every serious Scandophile will want to own.Words Without Borders(Words Without Borders )[A History of Icelandic Literature] is the first work to give non-Icelandic readers a wide-ranging introduction to Icelands literature and each contributor to this volume is a recognized expert in his or her area.Lorenzo Casany, Aurora Boreal(Lorenzo Casany Aurora Boreal ) About the AuthorDaisy Neijmann is Halldor Laxness Lecturer in Modern Icelandic Language and Literature at University College London. She is the author of Colloquial Icelandic A Complete Course for Beginners and The Icelandic Voice in Canadian Letters The Contribution of Icelandic-Canadian Writers to Canadian Literature.
Author: Philip Matyszak
File Type: epub
An entertaining yet factual insiders guide how to become a gladiator, hone your fighting skills, and thrill the crowds in the Colosseum.So you think youd like to be a gladiator? Find out how to get thousands to idolize you as the strongest, meanest fighter in the Roman empire. Win fame and fortune in one of Romes most glamorous locations, in the presence of the emperor himself. Who wouldnt kill for a job like that? This handy guide tells you everything you need to know before you step out to fight for your life in front of a roaring crowd ullWhy you should become a gladiatorllHow to join the most glamorousyet lethalprofession on earthllWho will try to kill you, and with whatllWhich arena of the empire is the right one for youllWhen and how often you will fightllWhat happens before, during, and after a duellulCombining the latest research with modern reconstructions, Gladiator helps you experience firsthand the spectacular yet brutal life and death of the most iconic figure of ancient Rome. 21 color and 91 black-and-white illustrations**