Author: Terence Parsons File Type: pdf Terence Parsons presents a new study of the development and logical complexity of medieval logic. Basic principles of logic were used by Aristotle to prove conversion principles and reduce syllogisms. Medieval logicians expanded Aristotles notation in several ways, such as quantifying predicate terms, as in No donkey is every animal, and allowing singular terms to appear in predicate position, as in Not every donkey is Brownie with the enlarged notation come additional logical principles. The resulting system of logic is able to deal with relational expressions, as in De Morgans puzzles about heads of horses. A crucial issue is a mechanism for dealing with anaphoric pronouns, as in Every woman loves her mother. Parsons illuminates the ways in which medieval logic is as rich as contemporary first-order symbolic logic, though its full potential was not envisaged at the time. Along the way, he provides a detailed exposition and examination of the theory of modes of common personal supposition, and the useful principles of logic included with it. An appendix discusses the artificial signs introduced in the fifteenth century to alter quantifier scope. **Review This is a very exciting book that makes some bold claims about the power of medieval logic...there is enough in this rich volume to inspire future researchers to adapt medieval insights to further aspects of the rich logic of natural language. -- Mind Its a book that I found admirable for the scope of its accomplishment, and a book I came away from reading with a deeper understanding of the complexities and sophistication of certain aspects of medieval logic. -- Philosophical Quarterly About the Author Terence Parsons was born and raised in Endicott, New York. He attended the University of Rochester as a physics major, receiving a BA degree. He received a PhD in Philosophy from Stanford University. He was a full time faculty member at the University of Illinois at Chicago from 1965 to 1972, at the University of Massachusetts Amherst from 1972 to 1979, at the University of California, Irvine from 1979 to 2000, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 2000 to 2012. He also visited briefly at the University of California, Berkeley and the University of Pittsburgh.
Author: Victoria A. Goddard
File Type: pdf
In response to global change, people create new opportunities and conditions, and in their responses they are influenced by both gender and age. In Gender, Agency and Change the contributors illustrate the complexities involved in the constitution and performance of agency. Such agency may be reflected in strategies of accommodation and adaption that can nevertheless produce new institutional arrangements. Alternatively, they may be directed towards the outright rejection of these processes. The cases examined in this volume explore the ways in which different subjects engage in the reformulation of spaces, roles and identities, redefining the boundaries between, and the content of, the public and the private. The examples also provide an account of how gendered discourses are deployed to convey new meanings, a new sense of place and time, confirming or challenging ideas of tradition and modernity. This collection will be of particular interest to students of anthropology and gender studies.About the AuthorVictorial Ana Goddard was born in Argentina and trained as an anthropologist at University College, London. She is currently a lecturer in Anthropology at Goldsmiths College, London.
Author: Michael A. Bellesiles
File Type: epub
In 1877, a decade after the Civil War, not only was the United States gripped by a deep depression, but the country was also in the throes of nearly unimaginable violence and upheaval marking the end of the brief period known as Reconstruction and a return to white rule across the South. In the wake of the contested presidential election of 1876, white supremacist mobs swept across the South, killing and driving out the last of the Reconstruction state governments. A strike involving millions of railroad workers turned violent as it spread from coast-to-coast, and for a moment seemed close to toppling the nations economic structure. In 1877, celebrated historian Michael Bellesiles reveals that the fires of that fated year also fueled a hothouse of cultural and intellectual innovation. Bellesiles relates the story of 1877 not just through dramatic events, but also through the lives of famous and little-known Americans.
Author: Lee Hendrix
File Type: pdf
The court of Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II produced nothing more amazing than the Mira colligrophioe monumenta, a flamboyant demonstration of two arts-calligraphy and miniature painting. The project began when Rudolfs predecessor commissioned the master calligrapher Georg Bocskay to create a model book of calligraphy. A preeminent scribe, Bocskay assembled a vast selection of contemporary and historic scripts. Many were intended not for practical use but for virtuosic display. Years later, at Rudolfs behest, court artist Joris Hoefnagel filled the spaces on each manuscript page with images of fruit, flowers, insects, and other natural minutiae. The combination of word and images is rare and, on its tiny scale, constitutes one of the marvels of the Central European Renaissance. The manuscript is now in the collections of the Getty Museum. Forty-eight of its pages are reproduced in this book, containing samples of classic italic hands historical, invented, and exhibition hands Rotunda, a classicizing humanist script based on Carolingian miniscule classically based scripts and Gothic blackletter and chancery.
Author: Matthew Bowman
File Type: epub
With Mormonism on the verge of an unprecedented cultural and political breakthrough, an eminent scholar of American evangelicalism explores the history and reflects on the future of this native-born American faith and its connection to the life of the nation.In 1830, a young seer and sometime treasure hunter named Joseph Smith began organizing adherents into a new religious community that would come to be called the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (and known informally as the Mormons). One of the nascent faiths early initiates was a twenty-three-year-old Ohio farmer named Parley Pratt, the distant grandfather of Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney. In The Mormon People, religious historian Matthew Bowman peels back the curtain on more than 180 years of Mormon history and doctrine. He recounts the churchs origin and development, explains how Mormonism came to be one of the fastest-growing religions in the world by the turn of twenty-first-century, and ably sets the scene for a 2012 presidential election that has the potential to mark a major turning point in the way this all-American faith is perceived by the wider American publicand internationally.Mormonism started as a radical movement, with a profoundly transformative vision of American society that was rooted in a form of Christian socialism. Over the ensuing centuries, Bowman demonstrates, that vision has evolvedand with it the esteem in which Mormons have been held in the eyes of their countrymen. Admired on the one hand as hardworking paragons of family values, Mormons have also been derided as oddballs and persecuted as polygamists, heretics, and zealots clad in magic underwear. Even today, the place of Mormonism in public life continues to generate heated debate on both sides of the political divide. Polls show widespread unease at the prospect of a Mormon president. Yet the faith has never been more popular. Today there are about 14 million Mormons in the world, fewer than half of whom live inside the United States. It is a church with a powerful sense of its own identity and an uneasy sense of its relationship with the main line of American culture. Mormons will surely play an even greater role in American civic life in the years ahead. In such a time, The Mormon People comes as a vital addition to the corpus of American religious historya frank and fair-minded demystification of a faith that remains a mystery for many.ReviewAdvance praise for *The Mormon PeopleThe Mormon church has never been more important in American politics. In this smart, lucid history of the faith, Matthew Bowman explains a religion that many Americans dont understand but should. With Mitt Romney and Jon Huntsman in the race, this is essential reading for anyone interested in 2012 and beyond.Tom Brokaw, author of The Time of Our Lives A Conversation About AmericaMatthew Bowman has brought us a cogent, judicious, and important account of a faith that has been an important element in American history but remained surprisingly misunderstood.Michael Beschloss, author of Presidential Courage Brave Leaders and How They Changed America, 17891989What do Mormons stand for? Are they quintessential good citizens or troubling religious deviants? Why are Mormons running for president? Matthew Bowman offers a quick, lively, and informative trip into the heart of Mormonism. All who are concerned or just curious will learn a lot about the making of modern Mormons from this book.Richard Lyman Bushman, author of Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling*From the Hardcover edition.About the AuthorMatthew Bowman received his Ph.D. in American religious history from Georgetown University in May 2011, and a masters in American history from the University of Utah. His dissertation, The Urban Pulpit Evangelicals and the City in New York, 18801930, was funded by the prestigious Charlotte W. Newcombe Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship. His work on American evangelicism and Mormonism has appeared in, among other places, Religion and American Culture A Journal of Interpretation, Journal of the Early Republic, and The New Republic. The associate editor of Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought, Matthew Bowman teaches at Hampden-Sydney College.
Author: Silke Arnold-De Simine
File Type: pdf
Whether pasted into an album, framed or shared on social media, the family photograph simultaneously offers a private and public insight into the identity and past of its subject. Long considered a model for understanding individual identity, the idea of the family has increasingly formed the basis for exploring collective pasts and cultural memory. Picturing the Family investigates how visual representations of the family reveal both personal and shared histories, evaluating the testimonial and social value of photography and film. Combining academic and creative, practice-based approaches, this collection of essays introduces a dialogue between scholars and artists working at the intersection between family, memory and visual media. Many of the authors are both researchers and practitioners, whose chapters engage with their own work and that of others, informed by critical frameworks. From the act of revisiting old, personal photographs to the sale of family albums through internet auction, the twelve chapters each present a different collection of photographs or artwork as case studies for understanding how these visual representations of the family perform memory and identity. Building on extensive research into family photographs and memory, the book considers the implications of new cultural forms for how the family is perceived and how we relate to the past. While focusing on the forms of visual representation, above all photographs, the authors also reflect on the contextualization and remediation of photography in albums, films, museums and online. **
Author: Steve N. G. Howell
File Type: pdf
Two-thirds of our planet lies out of sight of land, just offshore beyond the horizon. What wildlife might you see out there? This handy guide, designed for quick use on day trips off the East Coast, helps you put a name to what you find, from whales and dolphins to shearwaters, turtles, and even flying fish. Carefully crafted color plates show species as they typically appear at sea, and expert text highlights identification features. Essential for anyone heading out on a whale-watching or birding trip, this guidebook provides a handy gateway to the wonders of the ocean.Over 100 color photos and composite platesIncludes whales, dolphins, birds, sharks, turtles, flying fish, and more Accessible and informative text reveals what to look forGreat for beginners and experts alike
Author: Gwendolyn Sasse
File Type: pdf
As a critical case in which conflict did not erupt despite a structural predisposition to ethnic, regional, and even international enmity, the Crimea question is located in the larger context of conflict and conflict prevention studies.--BOOK JACKET.
Author: David Janzen
File Type: pdf
David Janzen argues that the Book of Chronicles is a document with a political message as well as a theological one and moreover, that the books politics explain its theology. The author of Chronicles was part of a 4th century B.C.E. group within the post-exilic Judean community that hoped to see the Davidides restored to power, and he or she composed this work to promote a restoration of this house to the position of a client monarchy within the Persian Empire. Once this is understood as the political motivation for the works composition, the reasons behind the Chroniclers particular alterations to source material and emphasis of certain issues becomes clear. The doctrine of immediate retribution, the role of all Israel at important junctures in Judahs past, the promotion of Levitical status and authority, the virtual joint reign of David and Solomon, and the decision to begin the narrative with Sauls death can all be explained as ways in which the Chronicler tries to assure the 4th century assembly that a change in local government to Davidic client rule would benefit them. It is not necessary to argue that Chronicles is either pro-Davidic or pro-Levitical it is both, and the attention Chronicles pays to the Levites is done in the service of winning over a group within the temple personnel to the pro-Davidic cause, just as many of its other features were designed to appeal to other interest groups within the assembly. **