Author: David Hallock Secor Not since F. R. Harden Jones published his masterwork on fish migration in 1968 has a book so thoroughly demystified the subject. With stunning clarity, David Hallock Secors Migration Ecology of Fishes finally penetrates the clandestine nature of marine fish migration. Secor explains how the four decades of research since Joness classic have employed digital-age technologiesincluding electronic miniaturization, computing, microchemistry, ocean observing systems, and telecommunicationsthat render overt the previously hidden migration behaviors of fish. Emerging from the millions of observed, telemetered, simulated, and chemically traced movement paths is an appreciation of the individual fish. Members of the same populations may stay put, explore, delay, accelerate, evacuate, and change course as they conditionally respond to their marine existence. But rather than a morass of individual behaviors, Secor shows us that populations are collectively organized through partial migration, which causes groups of individuals to embark on very different migration pathways despite being members of the same population. Case studies throughout the book emphasize how migration ecology confounds current fisheries management. Yet, as Secor explains, conservation frameworks that explicitly consider the influence of migration on yield, stability, and resilience outcomes have the potential to transform fisheries management. A synthetic treatment of all marine fish taxa (teleosts and elasmobranchs), this book employs explanatory frameworks from avian and systems ecology while arguing that migrations are emergent phenomena, structured through schooling, phenotypic plasticity, and other collective agencies. The book provides overviews of the following concepts:
Author: Peter Loptson
In Reality: Fundamental Topics in Metaphysics, Peter Loptson argues for a conception of metaphysics as the most general or comprehensive method of inquiry. Working from a broadly analytic and naturalist perspective, he confronts positions that claim metaphysics to be impossible, as advanced in ancient, Kantian, post-Kantian, and contemporary philosophy, showing them to be unsuccessful. He draws the topics of his selective investigation of metaphysics partly from the work of Kant, whom he conceives as a primary guide to what metaphysical enquiry seeks to know. Loptson provides accounts of basic categories of what is real and outlines major historical metaphysical systems. He then goes on to explore aspects of existence, essence, substance, universals, space, time, causality, mind, freedom, and other topics. This important contribution to metaphysics offers both sustained arguments on all aspects of the subject and important insights into the major metaphysical systems from the history of philosophy. The first edition of Reality appeared in 2001 to great acclaim. For this new edition the author has augmented the work's original arguments and extensively enlarged its scope and engagement with current stances and debates.
Author: By Tom Chaffin
Soon after winning the presidency in 1845, James K. Polk slapped his thigh and predicted what would be the four great measures of his administration: the acquisition of some or all of the Oregon Country, the acquisition of California, a reduction in tariffs, and the establishment of a permanent independent treasury. Over the next four years, the Tennessee Democrat achieved all four goals. And those milestonesalong with his purported enunciation of themhave come to define his presidency. But then again, as Tom Chaffin reveals in this lively tour de force of historiographic sleuthing, the four measures anecdote hangs by the thinnest of evidentiary threads. Indeed, not until the late 1880s, four decades after Polks presidency, did the story first appear in print. In this eye-opening study, Tom Chaffin, author and historian, dispatches the thigh-slap anecdote and other misconceptions associated with Polk. In the process, Chaffin demonstrates how the four measures story has skewed our understanding of the 11th U.S. president. Indeed, the anecdote does not record, and effectively obscures complex events, including notable failuressuch as Polks botched effort to purchase Cuba, as well as his inability to shape the terms of Californias and the New Mexico territorys admission into the Union. Debates over the future of slavery in the United Statesdebates accelerated by Polks territorial gainseventually produced perhaps the central irony of his legacy: A president devoted to national unity further sectionalized the nations politics, widening geopolitical fractures among the states that soon led to civil war. Engagingly written and lavishly illustrated, Met His Every Goal? offers a primer on Polk and a revisionist view of much of the scholarship concerning him and his era. Drawing on published scholarship as well as contemporary documentsincluding heretofore unpublished materialsit presents a fresh portrait of an enigmatic autocrat. And in Chaffins examination of an oft-repeated anecdote long accepted as fact, readers witness a case study in how historians use primary sources to exploreand in some cases, explodereceived conceptions of the past.
Author: Peter Kunstadter
A major source of political instability in Southeast Asia has been ethnic diversity and the lack of congruence between ethnic distributions and national boundaries. Here twenty specialists base their papers largely on original field work in Burma, China, India, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. Contrary to the usual picture of tribal people as isolated, homogeneous, stable, and conservative, the papers show tribesmen are often a dynamic force in the modern history of Southeast Asian states. Descriptions of tribal life and government programs, together with charts, tables, maps, and photographs give a wealth of data.
Author: Chris Williams
This volume explores some of the major transitions, opportunities and false dawns of modern British political history. It engages with the scholarly legacy of Professor Duncan Tanner (19582010) whose work was focused on the political process and on politics in government. Chronologically its span runs from the first general election to be conducted under the terms of the Third Reform Act through to the 1997 referenda in favour of devolved assemblies in Scotland and Wales. This was the period in which British politicians most obviously addressed a mass, British-wide electorate, seeking national approval for policies and programmes to be enacted on a UK-wide basis. Aimed at scholars and students of modern British history this volume will also interest the general reader who wishes to get to grips with some of the latest thinking about British politics.
Author: Jennifer Pitts
A dramatic shift in British and French ideas about empire unfolded in the sixty years straddling the turn of the nineteenth century. As Jennifer Pitts shows in A Turn to Empire, Adam Smith, Edmund Burke, and Jeremy Bentham were among many at the start of this period to criticize European empires as unjust as well as politically and economically disastrous for the conquering nations. By the mid-nineteenth century, however, the most prominent British and French liberal thinkers, including John Stuart Mill and Alexis de Tocqueville, vigorously supported the conquest of non-European peoples. Pitts explains that this reflected a rise in civilizational self-confidence, as theories of human progress became more triumphalist, less nuanced, and less tolerant of cultural difference. At the same time, imperial expansion abroad came to be seen as a political project that might assist the emergence of stable liberal democracies within Europe. Pitts shows that liberal thinkers usually celebrated for respecting not only human equality and liberty but also pluralism supported an inegalitarian and decidedly nonhumanitarian international politics. Yet such moments represent not a necessary feature of liberal thought but a striking departure from views shared by precisely those late-eighteenth-century thinkers whom Mill and Tocqueville saw as their forebears. Fluently written, A Turn to Empire offers a novel assessment of modern political thought and international justice, and an illuminating perspective on continuing debates over empire, intervention, and liberal political commitments.
Author: Quinn Grundy
It was once common for pharmaceutical companies and medical device makers to treat doctors to lavish vacations or give them new cars; companies would do virtually anything to buy influence so that their medications or devices would be used in a doctors office or hospital. But with growing public scrutiny of kickbacks to doctors, the huge giveaways have disappeared. In Infiltrating Healthcare, Quinn Grundy shows that sales representatives are working instead behind the scenes. It is to nurses that these companies now market. Nurses, Grundy argues, are the perfect target for sales reps: their work is largely invisible and frequently undervalued, yet they wield a great deal of influence over treatment and purchasing decisions. Furthermore, there are no legal restrictions on marketing to most nurses. Grundy describes how, under the guise of education or product support, and through gifts and free samples, sales representatives influence nurses in the course of day-to-day clinical practice. Grundy argues that the very presence of sales reps in operating rooms, purchasing committee meetings, and patient care units blurs the boundaries between patient care and medical sales. Helpfully, she also describes ways that nurses can be aware of (and resistant to) their influence. Infiltrating Healthcare is a call to action to protect the clinical spaces where we are at our most vulnerableand the decisions that take place therefrom the pursuit of profit at any cost. This is a timely book that shines a light on a practice that often goes unseen, and which has tangible implications for healthcare policy and practice.
Author: Andrew Donskov
The theme of the peasantry is central throughout most of Tolstoys long career. His obsession with this class is seen not just as a matter of social or humanitarian concern, but as a response to the questions of how to live a good life and what is the meaning of life that an inevitable death will not destroy? These questions plagued him his entire life.
Author: Lawrence M. Friedman
Age discrimination and its corollary, mandatory retirement, are modern legal issues, barely a generation old.In this concise and readable report, Lawrence Friedman explores the apparently sudden emergence of a field of law that pertains mainly to the elderly and middle-aged.Friedman traces the brief but fascinating social, legislative, and judicial history of age discrimination law and of the laws addressing mandatory retirement. Both histories contain paradoxes and contradictions; both seem simultaneously to make an issue of age and to demand a kind of age neutrality, reflecting broad recent changes in American culture. Both histories are intricately bound up with other legal issuesage discrimination with race and sex discrimination; mandatory retirement with the development of pension plans and other social insurance systems. Friedman speculates on the impact of these new laws, illuminating through his analysis the complex phenomenon of legalization, or the penetration of legal norms into ever more areas of life.Finally, Friedman offers a provocative conclusion in which he suggests that laws on age discrimination and retirementlaws that appear to have a less extensive social background than one would expectmay in fact be stand-in laws for vague but powerful social norms not yet recognized in the legal system.Your Time Will Come is the first new volume in a special paperback series entitled Social Research Perspectives: Occasional Reports on Current Topics. These Perspectives represent a revival of the Social Science Frontiers series published by theFoundation from 1969 to 1977 and will again offer short, timely, and accessible reports on various aspects of social science research.A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation's Social Science Perspectives Series
Author: by Michael R. Dolksi
D-Day, the Allied invasion of northwestern France in June 1944, has remained in the forefront of American memories of the Second World War to this day. Depictions in books, news stories, documentaries, museums, monuments, memorial celebrations, speeches, games, and Hollywood spectaculars have overwhelmingly romanticized the assault as an event in which citizen-soldiers the everyday heroes of democracyengaged evil foes in a decisive clash fought for liberty, national redemption, and world salvation.