Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (23 March 1912 – 16 June 1977) was a German-born American aerospace engineer and space architect. He was the leading figure in the development of rocket technology in Nazi Germany and a pioneer of rocket and space technology in the United States. Born Wernher Magnus Maximilian, Freiherr von Braun DOB: 23 March 1912 Wirsitz, Posen Province, German Empire (now Wyrzysk, Poland) Died16 June 1977 (aged 65) Alexandria, Virginia U.S.A Burial place Ivy Hill Cemetery (Alexandria, Virginia) NationalityGermanCitizenshipUnited StatesAlma mater Technical University of Berlin (diploma) Friedrich Wilhelms University of Berlin (Ph.D.) OccupationRocket engineer and designer, aerospace project managerKnown forNASA engineering program manager; chief architect of the Apollo Saturn V rocket; development of the V-2 rocket Spouse(s) Maria Luise von Quistorp (m. 1947)​ Girlfriend Hanna Reitsch (1930s) Children Alicia Webber (born 1932) Iris Careen (born 1948) Margrit Cécile (born 1952) Peter Constantine (born 1960) Parent(s) Magnus von Braun (1878–1972) Emmy von Quistorp (1886–1959) Medals Awards & Honors War Merit Cross, First Class with Swords in 1943 Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross in 1944 Elected Honorary Fellow of the British Interplanetary Society in 1949 Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1959 Elliott Cresson Medal in 1962 Inducted into the International Aerospace Hall of Fame in 1965 Langley Gold Medal in 1967 NASA Distinguished Service Medal in 1969 Inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame in 1969 Wilhelm Exner Medal in 1969. National Medal of Science in 1975 Werner von Siemens Ring in 1975 Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement in 1975 Civitan International World Citizenship Award in 1970 National Aviation Hall of Fame (1982) President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service (1959) Elliott Cresson Medal (1962) Wilhelm Exner Medal (1969) National Medal of Science (1975) Military careerAllegiance Nazi Germany Service/branch SS Years of service 1937–1945 RankSS-Sturmbannführer (major) AWARDS Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords (1944) War Merit Cross, First Class with Swords (1943) Scientific career Fields Rocket propulsion Institutions Wehrmacht Army Ballistic Missile Agency Redstone Arsenal NASA Fairchild Industries Thesis Konstruktive, theoretische und experimentelle Beiträge zu dem Problem der Flüssigkeitsrakete (1934)Doctoral advisor Erich Schumann Influences Robert H. Goddard Hermann Oberth Herman Potočnik While in his twenties and early thirties, von Braun worked in Nazi Germany's rocket development program. He helped design and co-developed the V-2 rocket at Peenemünde during World War II. Following the war he was secretly moved to the United States, along with about 1,600 other German scientists, engineers, and technicians, as part of Operation Paperclip.He worked for the United States Army on an intermediate-range ballistic missile program, and he developed the rockets that launched the United States' first space satellite Explorer 1. In 1960, his group was assimilated into NASA, where he served as director of the newly formed Marshall Space Flight Center and as the chief architect of the Saturn V super heavy-lift launch vehicle that propelled the Apollo spacecraft to the Moon. In 1967, von Braun was inducted into the National Academy of Engineering, and in 1975, he received the National Medal of Science. He advocated for a human mission to Mars.

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