Author: Lindsey A. O'Rourke File Type: pdf States seldom resort to war to overthrow their adversaries. They are more likely to attempt to covertly change the opposing regime, by assassinating a foreign leader, sponsoring a coup detat, meddling in a democratic election, or secretly aiding foreign dissident groups. In Covert Regime Change, Lindsey A. ORourke shows us how states really act when trying to overthrow another state. She argues that conventional focus on overt cases misses the basic causes of regime change. ORourke provides substantive evidence of types of security interests that drive states to intervene. Offensive operations aim to overthrow a current military rival or break up a rival alliance. Preventive operations seek to stop a state from taking certain actions, such as joining a rival alliance, that may make them a future security threat. Hegemonic operations try to maintain a hierarchical relationship between the intervening state and the target government. Despite the prevalence of covert attempts at regime change, most operations fail to remain covert and spark blowback in unanticipated ways. Covert Regime Change assembles an original dataset of all American regime change operations during the Cold War. This fund of information shows the United States was ten times more likely to try covert rather than overt regime change during the Cold War.Her dataset allows ORourke to address three foundational questions What motivates states to attempt foreign regime change? Why do states prefer to conduct these operations covertly rather than overtly? How successful are such missions in achieving their foreign policy goals? **Review Covert Regime Changeis an importantaddition to the new literature on intelligence and international relations. Lindsey ORourke convincingly shows that covert action has been a regular feature of American statecraft for decades, and that the United States chooses regime change not for idealistic reasons butout of ruthlesspragmatism. (Joshua Rovner, Professor in the School of International Service, American University, and author ofFixing the Facts) Covert action to change foreign governments is exceptionally controversial, hard to research, and usually explored only by journalists.All who read this book will be impressed with the depth, detail, and clarity of Lindsey ORourkes analysis.No other academic study of the question tops this one. (Richard Betts, Columbia University) The reality of covert operations that meddle with the domestic regimes of other states, as Lindsey ORourke documents, is that when the secret intervention fails it becomes public, leaving the unsuccessful intervener with egg on his face and blood on his hands.Every government library from the White House to the C.I.A. needs copies of this book on their shelves. (Michael Desch, Packey J. Dee Professor of International Relations, Founding Director of the Notre Dame International Security Center, and author of Cult of the Irrelevant) About the Author Lindsey A. ORourke is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Boston College. Her research focuses on regime change, international security, and US foreign policy.

Author: Barbara Spackman File Type: pdf This book identifies a strand of what it calls Accidental Orientalism in narratives by Italians who found themselves in Ottoman Egypt and Anatolia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries through historical accident and who wrote about their experiences in Italian, English, and French. Among them are young woman, Amalia Nizzoli, who learned Arabic, conversed the inhabitants of an Ottoman-Egpytian harem, and wrote a memoir in Italian a young man, Giovanni Finati, who converted to Islam, passed as Albanian in Muhammad Alis Egypt, and published his memoir in English a strongman turned antiquarian, Giovanni Belzoni, whose narrative account in English documents the looting of antiquities by Europeans in Egypt a princess and patriot, Cristina Trivulzio di Belgiojoso, who lived in exile in Anatolia and wrote in French condemning the Ottoman harem and proposing social reforms in in the Ottoman empire and an early twentieth century anarchist and anti-colonialist, Leda Rafanelli, who converted to Islam, wrote prolifically, and posed before the camera in an Orient of her own fashioning. Crossing class, gender, dress, and religious boundaries as they move about the Mediterranean basin, their accounts variously reconfigure, reconsolidate, and often destabilize the imagined East-West divide. Ranging widely on an affective spectrum from Islamophobia to Islamophilia, their narratives are the occasion for the books reflection on the practices of cultural cross-dressing, conversion to Islam, and passing and posing as Muslim on the part of Italians who had themselves the object of an Orientalization on the part of Northern Europeans, and whose language had long been the lingua franca of the Mediterranean.

Author: Stefano Predelli File Type: pdf Stefano Predelli comes to the defense of the traditional formal approach to natural-language semantics, arguing that it has been misrepresented not only by its critics, but also by its foremost defenders. In Contexts he offers a fundamental reappraisal, with particular attention to the treatment of indexicality and other forms of contextual dependence which have been the focus of much recent controversy. In the process, he presents original approaches to a number of important semantic issues, including the relationship between validity and indexicality, the limits of token-reflexive systems, the significance of contextualist arguments, and the interpretation of attitude reports. Contexts will make invigorating reading for all philosophers of language and many linguists.

Author: Taylor Hagood File Type: pdf William Faulkner seems to have sprung a full-blown genius from a remote part of the American South. Yet Faulkner spent much of his life striving to emulate and overshadow - both as a writer and as a person - his great-grandfather and namesake, Colonel William Falkner, a dueling, railroad-building, soldiering figure who loomed not just as a legend in Faulkners family and community but also as a literary forebear, a published novelist, travel writer, and poet. Looking back on his career, Faulkner would mention that early on he had ridden his great-grandfathers coattails, but by the mid-twentieth century it was clear that it was the great-grandson who was leading the literary world readers, young writers of fiction, and literary critics were following him as one who had found extraordinary ways to capture and express the most challenging aspects of modern life. Taylor Hagoods book centers on the concept of following to examine how Faulkners work has been analyzed, elucidated, and promoted by a massive body of scholarly work spanning over seven decades. It narrates the development of Faulkner criticism, taking as its premise the idea that Faulkner forges a fiery path through modernism and into postmodernism that literary critics have been constantly rushing to follow. Taylor Hagood is Associate Professor of English at Florida Atlantic University. His book Faulkner Writer of Disability (LSU Press, 2014) won the C. Hugh Holman Award for Best Book in Southern Literary Studies in 2015.