Cultural Science: A Natural History of Stories, Demes, Knowledge and Innovation
Author: John Hartley File Type: pdf Cultural Science introduces a new way of thinking about culture. Adopting an evolutionary and systems approach, the authors argue that culture is the population-wide source of newness and innovation it faces the future, not the past. Its chief characteristic is the formation of groups or demes (organised and productive subpopulation demos). Demes are the means for creating, distributing and growing knowledge. However, such groups are competitive and knowledge-systems are adversarial. Starting from a rereading of Darwinian evolutionary theory, the book utilises multidisciplinary resources Raymond Williamss culture is ordinary approach evolutionary science (e.g. Mark Pagel and Herbert Gintis) semiotics (Yuri Lotman) and economic theory (from Schumpeter to McCloskey). Successive chapters argue that-Culture and knowledge need to be understood from an externalist (linked brains) perspective, rather than through the lens of individual behaviour -Demes are created by culture, especially storytelling, which in turn constitutes both politics and economics -The clash of systems - including demes - is productive of newness, meaningfulness and successful reproduction of culture -Contemporary urban culture and citizenship can best be explained by investigating how culture is used, and how newness and innovation emerge from unstable and contested boundaries between different meaning systems-The evolution of culture is a process of technologically enabled demic concentration of knowledge, across overlapping meaning-systems or semiospheres a process where the number of demes accessible to any individual has increased at an accelerating rate, resulting in new problems of scale and coordination for cultural science to address. The book argues for interdisciplinary consilience, linking evolutionary and complexity theory in the natural sciences, economics and anthropology in the social sciences, and cultural, communication and media studies in the humanities and creative arts. It describes what is needed for a new modern synthesis for the cultural sciences. It combines analytical and historical methods, to provide a framework for a general reconceptualisation of the theory of culture one that is focused not on its political or customary aspects but rather its evolutionary significance as a generator of newness and innovation. **
Author: Peter J. Bentley
File Type: pdf
Theres a hidden science that affects every part of your life. You are fluent in its terminology of email, WiFi, social networking, and encryption. You use its results when you make a telephone call, access the Internet, use any factory-produced product, or travel in any modern car. The discipline is so new that some prefer to call it a branch of engineering or mathematics. But it is so powerful and world-changing that you would be hard-pressed to find a single human being on the planet unaffected by its achievements. The science of computers enables the supply and creation of power, food, water, medicine, transport, money, communication, entertainment, and most goods in shops. It has transformed societies with the Internet, the digitization of information, mobile phone networks and GPS technologies. Here, Peter J. Bentley explores how this young discipline grew from its theoretical conception by pioneers such as Turing, through its growth spurts in the Internet, its difficult adolescent stage where the promises of AI were never achieved and dot-com bubble burst, to its current stage as a (semi)mature field, now capable of remarkable achievements. Charting the successes and failures of computer science through the years, Bentley discusses what innovations may change our world in the future.**ReviewAn entertaining and informative popular science study of computer science. * New York Journal of Books * Anyone looking for a neat illustration of how technology has infiltrated our everyday lives need look no further than the first few pages of Digitized * Engineering and Technology Magazine * Computer science has become so pervasive in modern life that it can seem invisible or be taken for granted Bentley succeeds in bringing this hidden world to light. * Library Journal * A richly interesting survey of computer science * Steven Poole, The Guardian * I have always thought that no book deserved 10 out of 10, but for this one I make an exception. * BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT * About the Author Peter J. Bentley has been called a creative maverick computer scientist. He is an Honorary Reader at the Department of Computer Science, University College London, Collaborating Professor at the Korean Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, a contributing editor for Wired UK, a consultant, and a freelance writer. He is author of the number one bestselling iPhone app iStethoscope Pro and of the popular science books Digital Biology, The Book of Numbers, and The Undercover Scientist. Bentley is a regular contributor to television and radio.
Author: Saul Newman
File Type: pdf
What is the relevance of anarchism for politics and political theory today? While many have in the past dismissed anarchism, the author contends that anarchisms heretical critique of authority, and its insistence on full equality and liberty, places it at the forefront of the radical political imagination today. With the unprecedented expansion of state power in the name of security, the current crisis of capitalism, and the terminal decline of Marxist and social democratic projects, it is time to reconsider anarchism as a form of politics. This book seeks to renew anarchist thought through the concept of postanarchism.This innovative theoretical approach, drawing upon classical anarchist theory, poststructuralism, post-Marxism, critical theory and psychoanalytic approaches, allows for a new engagement with contemporary debates about future directions in radical politics relating to political subjectivity and identity, political organisation, the State, globalisation, liberty and equality today, and the political event.
Author: Maurizio Lazzarato
File Type: pdf
A celebrated theorist examines the conditions of work, employment, and unemployment in neoliberalisms flexible and precarious labor market. In Experimental Politics, Maurizio Lazzarato examines the conditions of work, employment, and unemployment in neoliberalisms flexible and precarious labor market. This is the first book of Lazzaratos in English that fully exemplifies the unique synthesis of sociology, activist research, and theoretical innovation that has generated his best-known concepts, such as immaterial labor. The book (published in France in 2009) is also groundbreaking in the way it brings Foucault, Deleuze, and Guattari to bear on the analysis of concrete political situations and real social struggles, while making a significant theoretical contribution in its own right. Lazzarato draws on the experiences of casual workers in the French entertainment industry during a dispute over the reorganization (reform) of their unemployment insurance in 2004 and 2005. He sees this conflict as the first testing ground of a political program of social reconstruction. The payment of unemployment insurance would become the principal instrument for control over the mobility and behavior of the workers. The flexible and precarious workforce of the entertainment industry prefigured what the entire workforce in contemporary societies is in the process of becoming in Foucaults words, a floating population in security societies. Lazzarato argues further that parallel to economic impoverishment, neoliberalism has produced an impoverishment of subjectivity -- a reduction in existential intensity. A substantial introduction by Jeremy Gilbert situates Lazzaratos analysis in a broader context. **
Author: Galina Sapozhnikova
File Type: pdf
Through interviews with leading participants on both sides, prominent Russian journalist Galina Sapozhnikova captures the political and human dimensions of betrayal and disillusionment that led to the collapse of the USSR, the 20th centurys greatest experiment in social engineering, and what happened to the men and women who struggled to destroy or save it. Termed color revolutions by the worldwide media as most were designated colors, these variousmovements developed in several societies in the former Soviet Union and the Baltic states during the early 2000s. In reality, they were US intelligence operations which covertly instigated, supported and infiltrated protest movements with a view to triggering regime change under the banner of a pro-democracy uprising . The objective was to manipulate elections, initiate violence, foment social unrest and use the resulting protest movement to topple an existing government in order goal to install a compliant pro-US government. How has all that worked out in Lithuania? What happened to the pro-democracy forces and to those they defeated in the aftermath? What was the role of Gorbachev? Was Eugene Sharp implicated behind the scenes in this grand show of historic transformation? What happened to the Lithuanians, who didnt agree to the USSRs dissolution? How did the political shape-shifters act the former Komsomol and Communist Party executives, who took high posts in the new democratic governments? This book not only exposes the tactical stages in the process of regime change, but also sheds light on how these events play out, post regime-change, when the dust in the eyes of many has cleared. It is key to grasping the template that today underlies similar events in Libya, Syria, Ukraine and likely elsewhere, going forward. To date, this book has been published in Lithuanian, Russian and Italian. **
Author: Pierre Michon
File Type: pdf
His chef-doeuvre. A bolt of lightning.- Le Monde An astonishingly rich, mythic new direction in modern French narrative.-Guy DavenportMichon demonstrates the independence of voice that marks a true writer... . His supple prose, dappled with chiaroscuro effects, is used in straight forward chronicles. But his writing can at any time lift or lower into semi-hallucinatory effects that recall Arthur Rimbauds assaults on conventional perception.-Roger Shattuck, The New York Review of Books The emotion, the forceful claims of the imagery, the painting of the starry night Mr. Michon achieves what other writers wouldnt try, licensed as he is by keen regret and transfigured loss. More than other writers, Mr. Michon misses the poetry of the past, and in missing it he possesses it.-Benjamin Lytal, The New York Sun In Lives Under Glass, recipient of the Prix France Culture, Pierre Michon paints portraits of eight inspiring individuals living in his native village of Creuse. In this evocative poetic narrative, the quest to breathe life into the stories of these individuals becomes an exploration of Michons own voice and memory.Born in 1945 in the Creuse region of France, Pierre Michon attended university at Clermont-Ferrand and wrote his Masters thesis on Antonin Artaud. He has received the Grand Prix SGDL de literature (2004), the Prix Decembre (2002), the Prix Louis Guilloux (1997), and the Prix de la Ville de Paris (1996). Jody Gladding is a translator and poet. Her translations include Jean Gionos The Serpent of Stars (Archipelago Books), among others, and her Stone Crop appeared in the Yale Younger Poets Series. She is the recipient of a Whiting Writers Award in poetry. Gladding has a collection of poetry forthcoming from Milkweed Editions. Small Lives (Vies minuscules), Pierre Michons first novel, won the Prix France Culture. Michon explains that he wrote it to save my own skin. I felt in my body that my life was turning around. This book born in an aura of inexpressible joy and catharsis rescued me more effectively than my aborted analysis. Le Monde calls it his chef doeuvre. A bolt of lightening. In Small Lives, Michon paints portraits of eight individuals, whose stories span two centuries in his native region of La Creuse. In the process of exploring their lives, he explores the act of writing and his emotional connection to both. The quest to trace and recall these interconnected lives seared into his memory ultimately becomes a quest to grasp his own humanity and discover his own voice.**
Author: Sean Thomas Dougherty
File Type: epub
For over twenty years Sean Thomas Dougherty has negotiated between modernist and avant-garde writing and more populist traditions that extend back to Walt Whitman. His subject matter ranges from basketball to Bjork, from blue collar workers to Biggie Smalls, from Luciano Pavarotti to women waiting at a diner outside a prison in Upstate New York. Selecting from the best of eight previous collections, this New and Selected reveals the powerful arc and development of Doughertys writing and establishes him as a voice of dissent for the future.A former Fulbright fellow, Sean Thomas Dougherty works at Gold Crown Billiards in Erie, Pennsylvania. **
Author: Andrew Cooper
File Type: pdf
Reframes philosophical understanding of, and engagement with, tragedy. In The Tragedy of Philosophy Andrew Cooper challenges the prevailing idea of the death of tragedy, arguing that this assumption reflects a problematic view of both tragedy and philosophyone that stifles the profound contribution that tragedy could provide to philosophy today. To build this case, Cooper presents a novel reading of Immanuel Kants Critique of Judgment. Although this text is normally understood as the final attempt to seal philosophy from the threat of tragedy, Cooper argues that Kants project is rather a creative engagement with a tragedy that is specific to philosophy, namely, the inevitable failure of attempts to master nature through knowledge. Kants encounter with the tragedy of philosophy turns philosophys gaze from an exclusive focus on knowledge to matters of living well in a world that does not bend itself to our desires. Tracing the impact of Kants Critique of Judgment on some of the most famous theories of tragedy, including those of G. W. F. Hegel, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, and Cornelius Castoriadis, Cooper demonstrates how these philosophers extend the project found in both Kant and the Greek tragedies the attempt to grasp nature as a domain hospitable to human life.
Author: Mervyn Peake
File Type: epub
Mervyn Peakes Gormenghast trilogy is widely acknowledged to be, as Robertson Davies pronounced, a classic of our age. In these extraordinary novels, Peake created a world where all is like a dream--lush, fantastical, and vivid. Yet it was incomplete. Parkinsons disease took Peakes life in 1968, depriving his fans of the fourth and final volume of the series, Titus Awakes except for a few tantalizing pages, after which his writing became indecipherable. Or so it seemed. In January of 2010, Peakes granddaughter found four composition books in her attic. They contained the fabled Titus Awakes in its entirety. Peake had outlined the novel for his wife, Maeve Gilmore, who had at last finished Peakes masterpiece. It starts with Titus leaving Castle Gormenghast. Peake wrote With every pace he drew away from Gormenghast mountain, and from everything that belonged to his home. That night, as Titus lay asleep in the tall barn, a nightmare held him. Fans of Peake will delight in this new, wonderful novel, published one hundred years after his birth, every bit as thrilling and masterfully written as his famed trilogy.
Author: R. Chris Hassel Jr.
File Type: pdf
Religious issues and discourse are key to an understanding of Shakespeares plays and poems. This dictionary discusses over 1000 words and names in Shakespeares works that have a religious connotation. Its unique word-by-word approach allows equal consideration of the full nuance of each of these words, from abbess to zeal. It also gradually reveals the persistence, the variety, and the sophistication of Shakespeares religious usage. Frequent attention is given to the prominence of Reformation controversy in these words, and to Shakespeares often ingenious and playful metaphoric usage of them. Theological commonplaces assume a major place in the dictionary, as do overt references to biblical figures, biblical stories and biblical place-names biblical allusions church figures and saints. **Review Chris Hassel is the right scholar to grasp the nettle of Shakespeares religious language, since Hassels authority where Shakespeare and religion are concerned is well established. This dictionary is a mine of helpful information, and everyone will learn something from it. Shakespeare Quarterly This is an authoritative volume that will be an important addition to collections in Elizabethan literature and music American Reference Books Annual The great strength of Hassels dictionary is that it is more than a dictionary, stepping past vocabulary into context... scrupulous in explaining what words need not mean...quicker and handier than an online concordance...and goes well beyond a dictionarys basic briefs the helpfully selective bibliography is particularly strong on recent criticism... it should retain long-term value as a reference work, both for those in search of proof texts and those fascinated by the sinuous operation of Shakespearean religious metaphor. Times Literary Supplement Given the saturation of Christian thought and symbol in Shakespeares cultural lexicon, selecting the words and their meanings was perhaps more difficult for Hassel (Vanderbilt Univ.) than for other authors. Cloister, for example, may have obvious Christian significance, but the theological shades of meaning in words such as beneath or memory are far more subtle. This lexicographer does a fine job of illuminating these nuances, both with contextual references and contemporary commentary from writers such as Henry Bullinger, John Donne, and Lancelot Andrewes. Hassel has an expansive grasp of his material, making reference to both Catholic and Protestant sources, but he wisely refrains from trying to tease out Shakespeares own beliefs. The extensive bibliography of primary and secondary sources is useful for advanced students and scholars. The specificity of the subject matter makes this a suitable purchase for libraries with comprehensive Shakespeare collections or that support intensive study of the early modern period. Summing Up Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through researchersfaculty. - *CHOICE * Book Description A major reference resource for all students and scholars of Shakespeare now available in paperback from the Arden Shakespeare.