The millimeter wave (mmWave) based full-dimensional (FD) MIMO communication is one of the promising technology to fulfill the demand of high data rate for the sixth generation (6G) services including 6D hologram, haptic and multi-sensory communications. In order to satisfy the requirements of 6G applications, we investigate a non-uniform rectangular array (NURA) structure with FD-MIMO antenna systems for the multiuser mmWave communications. For the dense scenarios where the number of users to be served is high, we propose user selection algorithms for both digital and hybrid transceiver designs in FD-MIMO with NURA for the multiuser mmWave communications. For the digital transceivers, the users are selected based on their channel correlation considering FD-MIMO with NURA structures. For the hybrid transceivers, sequential user and beam selection is performed using the correlation between the beamspace channels in FD-MIMO with NURA case. The superiority of the NURA compared to uniform antenna structure is shown through the performance evaluations in the multiuser mmWave communications. Besides, the sum data rate results and complexity analysis denote the feasibility of the proposed algorithms compared to the joint user and beam selection schemes.
:In this paper, a method is proposed to improve the wireless link of an in-body wireless body-area network(WBAN) antenna with the off-body signal-reading system. A small WBAN antenna embeddable in the human body is designed. A wide-band size-reduced reader antenna is proposed to cope with frequency shift resulting from a short distance between the agent and reader antennas, and attenuation by the human tissue. The transmission from the in-body agent antenna to the reader is shown to improve by over 50 dB.
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8770734/
“Most of the molecules in the body are electrical dipoles. These dipoles electronically function like transducers in that they are able to turn acoustic waves into electrical waves and electrical waves into acoustic waves.
A number of membrane proteins as well as DNA consist of helical coils, which may allow them to electronically function as inductor coils. Biological tissues may possess superconducting properties. If certain membrane proteins and the DNA actually function as electrical inductors they may enable the cell to transiently produce very high electrical voltages.
Chronic disease occurs when voltage drops below a certain voltage. Cells then don’t have enough energy to work correctly and amount of oxygen in cells drops, switching from aerobic (oxygen- available) metabolism to anaerobic (oxygen diminished) metabolism.
The natural properties of biomolecular structures enables cell components and whole cells to oscillate and interact resonantly with other cells. The cells of the body and cellular components possess the ability to function as electrical resonators.
Professor H. Frohlich has predicted that the fundamental oscillation in cell membranes occurs at frequencies of the order of 100 GHz and that biological systems possess the ability to create and utilize coherent oscillations and respond to external oscillations.
Because cell membranes are composed of dielectric materials, a cell will behave as dielectric resonator and will produce an evanescent electromagnetic field in the space around itself. This field does not radiate energy but is capable of interacting with similar systems.”
https://shiftfrequency.com/electromagnetic-fields-dna-frequency/
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7279055
Abstract:
Harvesting energy in the human environment has been identified as an effective way to charge the body sensor nodes in wireless body area networks (WBANs). In such networks, the capability of the nodes to detect events is of vital importance and complements the stringent quality of service (QoS) demands in terms of delay, throughput, and packet loss. However, the scarce energy collected by human motions, along with the strict requirements of vital health signals in terms of QoS, raises important challenges for WBANs and stresses the need for new integrated QoS-aware energy management schemes. In this paper, we propose a joint power-QoS (PEH-QoS) control scheme, composed of three modules that interact in order to make optimal use of energy and achieve the best possible QoS. The proposed scheme ensures that a sensor node is able to detect the medical events and transmit the respective data packets efficiently. Extensive simulations, conducted for different human activities (i.e., relaxing, walking, running, and cycling), have shown that the application of PEH-QoS in a medical node increases the detection efficiency, the throughput, and the energy efficiency of the system.