Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) treatment: do NOT inject Audience: veterinary surgeons, veterinary students and nurses. Relapses are more likely to occur if you begin treating feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) with injections, rather than pills. Feline coronavirus, the virus that causes FIP, replicates in the intestines: first in the epithelium of the tips of the villi of the small intestine, and later in the ileum and colon. Pills get right to where the virus replicates in the intestines, stopping the virus dead in its tracks, whereas injectable antivirals, such as GS-441524 or remdesivir, do not enter the gut well, so cats can still shed coronavirus in their faeces, even though they may appear to have recovered from FIP. Antiviral injections may appear to heal feline infectious peritonitis temporarily, but they predispose to a relapse, especially a neurological relapse if too low a dose of antiviral has permitted virus to persist in the brain. Key messages: 1. do NOT use injections to treat FIP: use pills. 2. start treatment with a high dose of antiviral (exact dose will depend upon what you're using). To download the 10 Rules to Prevent FIP relapses, or to make a donation to support films like this one, please visit my website: www.catvirus.com. Antiviral drug resistance video: odysee.com/@Catvirus/ Antiviral-resistance Please support me in making more educational videos by becoming a subscriber to my channels on various video platforms: Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Catvirus YouTube channel: www.youtube.com/user/DrDianeDAddie Bitchute: www.bitchute.com/channel/ZEk9qdH9iDzm/ Rumble is no longer available in France due to censorship, so I am unable to post new videos there. Twitter: Dr Diane D Addie @FIPvet Bastyon: https://pocketnet.app/catvirus?msocialshare=true&ref=PXAY6Ttdx4uZrpyGuyDRktDzm47YZz8jTg Link to Dr Addie’s FIP treatment paper: www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/4/744 Link to Dr Pedersen’s GS-441524 paper: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X19825701 Link to Dr Roy’s molnupiravir paper: www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1209 Disclaimer: please note that I (Diane Addie) have received no funding from Bova and WILL NOT take funding from them should they offer any in future, just as I refused an offer from Mutian: my patients come first, and it is important to me to not to have any conflicts of interest. Such independence is made possible by clients paying for their consultations, and most especially by the incredible generous and altruistic subscribers who keep food on my table: if you are one of my subscribers or donors then a HUGE THANK YOU TO YOU!

L-LYSINE SUPPLEMENTS SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN TO CATS, because L-lysine is antagonistic to L-arginine which is an essential amino acid for cats, meaning that they have to get L-arginine in their food: cats rapidly sicken without it. L-arginine is found in meat: cats are obligate carnivores. This video explains why dietary L-arginine is essential for the urea cycle to work in the cat (whereas humans can be vegans and our urea cycles still function). L-arginine is also essential for macrophage function. Three key enzymes compete for available L-arginine: arginase-1 in the urea cycle, inducible nitric oxide synthase in M1 macrophages and arginase-2 in M2 macrophages: when L-arginine is in short supply it will preferentially go to the urea cycle rather than to the immune system. Macrophages are key cells for immune function and are the target cell in feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) development. Are cats with low plasma arginine more likely to develop FIP? I don’t know, but I suspect the answer will be yes. I do know that lowering their plasma arginine by using L-lysine will sabotage their ability to recover, and I suspect that using L-lysine in feline coronavirus (FCoV) infected cats will make them more likely to develop FIP. LINKS: For further information on feline CoV and FIP treatment, please visit www.catvirus.com. My video on the urea cycle in the cat: https://www.bitchute.com/video/U8UksBkxUqFK/ MEDSimplified video explaining urea cycle: www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhCF-dN6WYQ although there are one or two typos in the video. Video by Ninja Nerd explaining the human urea cycle: www.youtube.com/watch?v=XZEJ5PNvjkk Drooling cat video source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHbOwqRb1cg KEY REFERENCES: Bol S, Bunnik EM. Lysine supplementation is not effective for the prevention or treatment of feline herpesvirus 1 infection in cats: a systematic review. BMC Vet Res. 2015;11:284. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0594-3. Morris JG, Rogers QR. Ammonia intoxication in the near-adult cat as a result of a dietary deficiency of arginine. Science. 1978;199(4327):431–2. WHO IS Dr Addie? Diane Addie was a Senior Lecturer at the University of Glasgow Veterinary School and Head of Diagnostic Virology. For over three decades her research has been devoted to feline coronavirus (FCoV), and her website, www.catvirus.com is mainly devoted to FCoV and FIP. She is a member of the European Advisory Board of Cat Disease, but the views expressed in this video are her own.

In this film for veterinary surgeons, I describe how antiviral drug resistance occurs in feline coronavirus infection: it is NOT due to early treatment, but instead it is due to treating with too low a dose of antiviral, and to using injections instead of pills. Pills get right to where the virus replicates: in the intestines, whereas injections may appear to heal feline infectious peritonitis temporarily, but predispose to a relapse, especially a neurological relapse. For more information on feline infectious peritonitis and FCoV, to download the 10 Rules to Prevent FIP relapses, or to make a donation to support films like this one, please visit my website: www.catvirus.com. How feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) antiviral drug resistance really emerges Link to Dr Pedersen’s GS-441524 paper: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X19825701 Link to Dr Roy’s molnupiravir paper: www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/10/1209 Link to Dr Addie’s FIP treatment paper: www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/4/744 Please support me in making more educational videos by becoming a subscriber to my channels on various video platforms: Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Catvirus YouTube channel: www.youtube.com/user/DrDianeDAddie Bitchute: www.bitchute.com/channel/ZEk9qdH9iDzm/ Rumble is no longer available in France due to censorship, so I am unable to post new videos there. Twitter: Dr Diane D Addie @FIPvet Bastyon: https://pocketnet.app/catvirus?msocialshare=true&ref=PXAY6Ttdx4uZrpyGuyDRktDzm47YZz8jTg

This video is primarily for veterinary surgeons, vet students and vet nurses. Patrick, a young domestic shorthair cat, suffered chronic diarrhoea and faecal incontinence for eight months from the day of his adoption from a shelter in Ireland. Feline diarrhoea can be caused by a number of parasites, bacteria, protozoa and viruses, but all were ruled out except for feline coronavirus, which was positive. This video tracks Patrick’s faecal score from 7 (watery dysentery) to a normal faecal score of 2 using a veterinary faecal score chart (not the Bristol faecal chart for humans). The cat was cured after a seven day course of GS-441524 pills and is still well five months later. Chronic enteropathy, also called inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is a condition with many possible causes in all species, including the cat. Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is such a ubiquitous virus that its presence is often overlooked when a diarrhoea panel reports a positive result: the aim of this video is to get veterinarians to take FCoV seriously as a cause of chronic enteritis because it can be treated fairly easily. Please give the video a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel. KEY REFERENCE: Addie DD, Bellini F, Covell-Ritchie J, Crowe B, Curran S, Fosbery M, Hills S, Johnson E, Johnson C, Lloyd S, Jarrett O. Stopping Feline Coronavirus Shedding Prevented Feline Infectious Peritonitis. Viruses. 2023; 15: 818. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15040818 Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/4/818 LINKS: For further information on feline CoV and FIP treatment, please visit www.catvirus.com. Odysee: https://odysee.com/@Catvirus YouTube channel: www.youtube.com/user/DrDianeDAddie Bitchute: www.bitchute.com/channel/ZEk9qdH9iDzm/ Rumble: unable to upload to Rumble due to censorship in France at present, sadly. Twitter: Dr Diane D Addie @FIPvet Bastyon: https://pocketnet.app/catvirus?msocialshare=true&ref=PXAY6Ttdx4uZrpyGuyDRktDzm47YZz8jTg Video editing was on LightWorks (which I am not good at using) and I thank Audacity for their open source sound editing software. MeWe: www.mewe.com/i/catvirus1 WHO IS DIANE D. ADDIE? Diane Addie is an independent veterinary virologist, she was a Senior Lecturer at the University of Glasgow Veterinary School and Head of Diagnostic Virology. For over three decades her research has been devoted to feline coronavirus (FCoV), and her website, www.catvirus.com is mainly devoted to FCoV and FIP. She is a member of the European Advisory Board of Cat Disease, but the views expressed in this video are her own.