Dating to the 1930s, this silent 16mm film from Germany shows the surface mining of coal using large continuous bucket wheel dredges (:38) or Riesenschaufelradbagger (coal mining machines). At 2;20, the buckets are seen up close scraping the earth continuously off the side of the mine site. At 3:23 the raw material enters a series of conveyer belts where it is moved at high speed and then placed in a large heap at 4:30. At 9:29, ore cars loaded with coal are moved to a processing facility and converted at 10:40 into bricks or briquettes. Bucket wheel excavators are machines for mining raw materials and for use on large construction sites. Particularly large bucket wheel excavators – with dimensions of several hundred meters – are used in lignite mining. Bucket wheel excavators are among the largest and most spectacular excavators in the world and have been manufactured since the 1930s. Since 1978, there are excavators that can move daily up to 240,000 tons of coal or cubic meters of overburden . These 240,000er are the largest excavators in the world today. With their commissioning and a weight of more than 12,000 tons, they became the largest land vehicles in the world, ahead of the delivery platforms for the US moon rockets. Built in 1978 by VVB TAKRAF Lauchhammer excavator 1510 SRs6300 in the Lausitzer district and built in the same year by Krupp Industrietechnik bucket wheel excavator “288” in the Rheinische Revier were the first excavators in this performance class. The excavator 288 is currently working in the Garzweiler open pit ( RWE Power ). The primary application of BWEs is in lignite (brown coal) mining, where they are used for soft rock overburden removal in the absence of blasting. They are useful in this capacity for their ability to continuously deliver large volumes of materials to processors, which is especially important given the continuous demand for lignite. Because of the great demand for lignite, lignite mining has also been one of the areas of greatest development for BWEs. The additions of automated systems and greater manoeuvrability, as well as components designed for the specific application, have increased the reliability and efficiency with which BWEs deliver materials. You can also find me here: https://t.me/internationalblackshirts2 https://gab.com/Fashbird2814 https://www.bitchute.com/fashbird2814/ My Odyssey pages: @AvaWolfe:d and @TheGoodWar:3 Find Thousands of books, newsletters, audiobooks, etc. On my blog here: https://twelveyearsnotaslave.wordpress.com/2023/06/15/thousands-of-books-newsletters-audiobooks-etc/ Videos, written works, etc I share are not my creations unless otherwise specified. #Worldwar2 #wwii #nationalsocialism #thirdreich #nsdap #jwo #nwo #communismkills #whitegenocide #music #EuropeanPride #Wehrmacht #WorldWar1 #wwi #TreatyofVersailles #jewworldorder #betterdeadthanred #newworldorder #greatestally

Atom Atoll (Report to The Armed Forces, Issue Number 147) is a short film from 1953 documenting Operation Greenhouse, a series of nuclear tests conducted on the islands of Enewetak Atoll by members of Joint Task Force 3. Members of the task force gather around a table (00:44). Aerial footage shows the islands of Enewetak Atoll. Weapon designers work on a plastic balloon that will measure the blast of a nuclear detonation (02:21). Men set up other research instruments. On Zero Island, the tower holding an atomic bomb is readied for the test (03:20). Men put on protective glasses, and then the bomb is detonated (03:48). Cargo is moved from a ship for testing operations (04:36). Men eat at a mess hall. A member of the task force operates a water pump (05:05). Landing craft and small ships help move supplies from island to island during Operation Greenhouse. Tanks are positioned specific distances from the blast point to record the heat created in each vehicle’s hull. A prototype bomb-proof roof is set up (06:20). Airplane wings and fuselage are also arranged for testing. Men are briefed about a research flight into the blast cloud. Drone aircraft are prepared to fly near the blast (07:33). Drone jets take off from the airfield and fly high above the islands (08:23). A bomb is detonated, and footage shows buildings being damaged or demolished from the blast. Men work on the instruments, such as oscilloscopes, used to measure radiation (10:31). Mice are placed into cages for testing (11:12). Various materials are set up for another test. The firing team makes a final check of the bomb site (12:31). Men stand in front of the sequence timer used for detonating the atomic bomb (13:57). The bomb is detonated, and the explosion lights up the sky with a massive mushroom cloud. The film ends with a shot of the U.S. Capitol Building (15:55). Operation Greenhouse was the fifth American nuclear test series, the second conducted in 1951 and the first to test principles that would lead to developing thermonuclear weapons (hydrogen bombs). Conducted at the new Pacific Proving Ground, specifically on islands of the Enewetak Atoll, all of the devices were mounted in large steel towers, to simulate air bursts. This series of nuclear weapons tests was preceded by Operation Ranger and succeeded by Operation Buster-Jangle. Operation Greenhouse showcased new and aggressive designs for nuclear weapons. The main idea was to reduce the size, weight, and most importantly, reduce the amount of fissile material necessary for nuclear weapons, while increasing the destructive power. With the Soviet Union’s first nuclear test a year and half earlier, the United States had begun stockpiling the new designs before they were actually proven. Thus the success of Operation Greenhouse was vital before the development of thermonuclear weapons could continue. A number of target buildings, including bunkers, houses and factories were built on Mujinkarikku Islet to test nuclear weapon effects.

This black & white promotional film is about THE RCA VICTOR SYSTEM. There is no copyright at the beginning or end of the film so the date of the production appears to be 1949 based on the RCA Victor division creating 45s as well as all of the products featured. Host begins explaining that this is about the new RCA VICTOR SYSTEM. A man asks about the 7″ size and 45 speed. A salesman explains how and why about the new records. RCA engineers had to figure out how to make the players more efficient and trouble free and the records distortion free and smaller (:18-1:28). Engineers sit and think. A diagram is shown breaking down tone distortion. 45rpm were created to prevent distortion. When a customer gets what he wants, he’ll buy. Smaller takes up less space. Standard book cases will hold the smaller 45s. One foot holds 18 albums or 150 45s! 12 inch records are breakable and 45s are not. 12 inch albums take up much more space and weight (1:29-4:59). 45s are shown up close and shown why they are good. The new RCA Victor Record Changer is now discussed and shown. You can put 8 or 10 and it will drop them down one by one. One touch of one button and enjoy up to 50mins of music without further bother. Features of the changer are shown. A detailed, moving animated diagram is then show that explains the hows and whys of how it works (5:00-8:30). A saleswoman demonstrates how well it works by placing a matchbook under it, nothing changes. Present systems beat gramophones which are shown. This new RCA Victor system shows how the players and records were made for each other. Other companies will adapt as well. A salesman shows how it works. He then shows the new RCA Victor System 9-JY and 9-EY-3. A saleswoman shows how small and compact the 9-EY-3 is. She then shows the RCA Victor Model 9-Y-7. And then the RCA Victor 9-W-101. It looks like a cabinet but it holds records and has AM/FM radio (8:31-13:17). The RCA Victor 9-W-103. Followed by a console with AM/FM radio, the new RCA Victor system, a changer for standard 10 and 12 inch for 78s, storage system, it is the RCA Victor 9-W105 (13:18-14:09). Our host shows us the last item for sale: RCA Victor System 9-TW-333 which has AM/FM radio, storage, the Victor System and RCA Victor eyewitness Television (14:10-15:10) The most common form of the vinyl single is the “45” or “7-inch”. The names are derived from its play speed, 45 rpm, and the standard diameter, 7 inches. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable and higher-fidelity replacement for the 78 rpm shellac discs.[12] The first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s. Columbia Records, which had released the ​33 1⁄3 rpm 12-inch vinyl LP in June 1948, also released ​33 1⁄3 rpm 7-inch vinyl singles in March 1949, but they were soon eclipsed by the RCA Victor 45. The first regular production 45 rpm record pressed was “PeeWee the Piccolo” RCA Victor 47-0146 pressed 7 December 1948 at the Sherman Avenue plant in Indianapolis, R.O. Price, plant manager. The claim made that 48-0001 by Eddy Arnold was the first 45 is evidently incorrect (even though as of this writing 48-0000 has not turned up) since all 45s were released simultaneously with the 45 player on the 29 March date. There was plenty of information ‘leaked’ to the public about the new 45 rpm system through front-page articles in Billboard magazine on 4 December 1948 and again on 8 January 1949. RCA was trying to blunt the lead Columbia had established in releasing their ​33 1⁄3 LP system back in June 1948.

Made in the 1950s, this U.S. Navy produced documentary is about the history of “lighter than air” flight in the 19th Century. It opens with Thaddeus Lowe, the father of U.S. military aerial reconnaissance. During the Civil War, Lowe staged a balloon ascent near the Smithsonian Institute in Washington (:16) and convinced US leaders of aerial observations’ advantages (:22). Lowe organized a Union Balloon Corps (:51). James Allen (1:51) serving for the Northern Army, first ascended on June 9th, 1861 in Washington (2:11). John Wise (2:21) is shown as well as his self-designed balloon on July 16th, 1861 (2:47). The first military balloon, it included armor plate in the bottom of the basket (3:04). Balloons are towed by troops (3:28) on a mission to travel across the Potomac. The balloons were destroyed by accidental collision with trees (3:31). Three days later, Chief Aeronaut Lowe made his first military ascent (3:54) in the “Enterprise” (3:59). He rose 3 and ½ miles without tethering lines (4:10) and watched Confederate troop movements without taking fire. As he attempted to land, Northern troops mistakenly fired at him, forcing him to land behind enemy lines (4:32). His wife spotted his balloon and rescued him (4:56). In Fort Monroe, Virginia, Northern troops were surrounded by Confederates (5:12). At the request of General Benjamin Butler, balloonist John LaMountain made several ascents and observed Confederate operations (5:36). On August 3rd, 1861, LaMountain’s balloon launched from the steam tug Fanny (5:57) at Hampton Roads, Virginia (6:02). This demonstrated the compatibility between air ship and sea vessel (6:22). One issue was keeping balloons inflated (7:06). Secretary Henry of the Smithsonian recommended using portable hydro-gas generators (7:38). A sketch of the design (7:52) is followed by the completed equipment (8:17). A scale model of the first carrier designed to transport the balloons is shown (8:52) and the completed model in the spring of 1862 on the Potomac (9:30). The balloon called Washington (9:38) was one of seven operating under Thaddeus Lowe’s command. A photograph of the portable gas containers in use during the Battle of Four Oaks follows (9:59) and the famous balloon Intrepid (10:30). The Confederates had a balloon called the “Silk Dress” made from silk pieces (11:14). On July 4th, 1862 a Confederate balloon was captured through the aide of Lowe’s observations (11:52). After General George B. McClellan was relieved of command in 1862, Thaddeus Lowe faced a pay cut and harsh conditions (12:28). Lowe resigned after being stricken with fever (12:43). James Allen, who replaced him, also later resigned (12:45). The next use of balloons was during the Franco-Prussian war (13:30). Salomon August Andrée (14:08) in 1895, announced plans to take a balloon on expedition to the North Pole. Alfred Nobel, whom had established the five types of the Nobel Prize, became the first financial contributor (14:17). On June of 1896, Andree left aboard the freighter Virgo (14:24). Due to unsuitable weather conditions the project was postponed (15:02). Andree and companions began their trip on July 11th 1897 (15:33). After 65 hours the balloon fell onto the ice (16:31) 500 miles from the North Pole. Messages that had made it out about their journey are shown (16:48) though their fate remained a mystery. Their campsite and diaries weren’t discovered until 1930. A montage follows of various steering methods (18:51). Jean Baptiste Meusnier created the first steering wheel (19:01) and his design is shown (19:18) though it was never constructed. Solomon Andrews (20:55) developed the idea for using a slanting plate for steering and sent his ideas to President Lincoln (22:15). They never reached the president and the idea was abandoned (22:28). 20 years earlier in France, the first steered airship was developed using mechanical power (22:59). It took flight on September 24th, 1852 (23:13). Other attempts included the Le France which was the first that was able to steer and return to its starting location (24:18). Another inventor, Schwartz, used an aluminum tube framework and sheets of aluminum on the outside (25:31). Rufus M. Porter (25:54) introduced a scale model of his plan. One of his shares of stocks sold is pictured (26:15) though the full model was not constructed. Charles F. Ritchel’s model was first to be constructed and carry a man in 1878 (26:33). The End. Naval Photographic Center (27:56).