Vmware Player Emulation Tip
When I’m asked to baseline or troubleshoot an application, the topic of how the application will behave at remote sites comes up.
Some people make the mistake of testing an application in the lab and expecting the same performance in the field for remote sites. The problem with that approach is that the real world has variables you can’t account for in the lab. For example there is packet loss and different bandwidth for remote sites.
When I get advance notice, I will bring my WAN emulator along. But in this case the client sprung this on me while troubleshooting and baselining. Luckily they were using VMWARE Workstation so we can use the Vmware Player (http://tinyurl.com/y97njgfm).
I showed them that in the Network adapter settings, they can modify the bandwidth and packet loss parameters to emulate the network conditions they expect.
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Troubleshooting WiFi can be challenging enough without adding a remote variable to it.
There are times when I wish I could perform a remote Wifi survey. Some access points allow that feature, but rarely do I have access to the client’s access points, nor do I want access. You know, just in case something happens, I don’t want people thinking I was mucking around.
A simple solution is to physically go over with a wireless test tool like netAlly’s Aircheck G3 (https://www.netally.com/products/aircheckg3/) , our smartphone, or your laptop.
Things start to get tricky when the location is remote. That’s when you can rely on your access point, but be careful since some vendors will cut off all wireless clients while performing a wireless scan. Another option is to purchase wireless sensors that you can connect and perform a scan. And lastly, is to remote into someone’s laptop and check to see which wireless networks they hear.
One trick I like to use, when possible, is to determine if they have a wifi printer at the remote site, web into it (they rarely have passwords) and run the printer test/diagnostic feature. Most Wifi printers will also provide wireless information including all the SSID’s it hears.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0oZ430nV0uc
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I have mentioned in the past that you should really look ‘under the hood’ as far as application communication goes.
I have seen many applications that ‘work’ but not ‘work well’ generate error messages. These errors can be categorized as follows;
Application - Messages are entirely application based and are addressed by the application team or vendor.
- Sending commands with no authentication, wait for the error message, then resend the same command but this time with authentication
- Using small packet or data payload sizes
- Inefficient multi-tiered server architecture
- Login processes that download application files without checking if you have the current files
- References to servers that are de-commissioned or used for testing/development
Network – Messages generated by the network devices that can affect application performance and are addressed by the networking team
- MTU issues caused by different network topologies, firewalls
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kojjmovXu3g
Troubleshooting FTP Errors With Wireshark
The most daunting problem to troubleshoot is when the application spits out a generic error that could mean anything. Here's the analogy; how helpful is the 'Check Engine' light on your car dashboard.
The worst part is when the customer tries to take the cryptic, generic application error message and tries to make sense of it in an attempt to assist the analyst. Don't get me wrong, any information is helpful while troubleshooting, but you have to be selective in what you pursue.
In this example FTP works one moment and fails the next. Of course the customer immediately called the help desk, who pings the ftp server and comments that is up and no outages have been recorded by the network management system. Then the ticket goes to the server dept who ftp's without an issue, unfortunately by now so can the customer. The server department says the connection error must be a 'network thing'.
I captured some packets and have recreated what I found and how the application, Chrome in this example, failed to pass on the FTP server connection limit error. The only way I was able to get real meaningful data is from the wire.
This isn't a Chrome 'bash' session since I have seen many applications not report what was on the wire or reinpterpet what was reported by the server.
In summary, the ftp server ran out of connections or had a limit on the number of connections an IP address could have. The administrator was told about this and the FTP server configuration was adjusted to allow more connections.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJoeYugcvTA
I get occasional emails or messages to produce some updated Wireshark quickstart videos ranging from basic navigation, how I configure Wireshark to troubleshooting scenarios.
I went back and was surprised that some of my Wireshark quickstart tutorials are 2 -- 4 years old.
So time to refresh some of the basics and provide some tips and tricks along the way.
In this video I review the Preferences pane in Wireshark. If you use Wireshark regularly, you should be familiar with screen to modify important options, such as your pane layout or default interfaces.
I could have produced a 30 min all encompassing video, but many of you have told me that you prefer my many smaller, specific videos instead. That way you can choose a specific topic, knowing that within a few minutes you'll be done.
Enjoy.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9zSxGWOS3M
When you have to install or troubleshoot Wifi issues, it helps to be able to have a visual coverage map.
Having a tool to give you a prediction of basic coverage is just as important as walking around and running tests.
While looking at Ubiquiti's website, I stumbled upon their FREE UI Design Center which was pretty helpful when determining estimated coverage area for various bands and how different materials affect coverage as well.
As always, I will keep the write-up short and encourage you to go try it out.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNvwQr9rXgQ
Wireshark 2.0 and Follow The Stream
For those of you who read and watch my videos on a regular basis will have heard this way too many times, but here I go.
You should always go through your most used features of any software after an upgrade to make sure nothing ‘broke’. But more importantly, to be aware of any changes to your favorite features.
In this video I cover a bit of Wireshark 2.0’s TCP-Follow TCP Stream and some of the changes. In a follow up video I will be a bit more thorough, but figured this was a good start.
For those you haven’t used it. It’s a great way to do two things; create a TCP conversation display filter and to display all the payload in a screen. If the data is in clear text, you can see the various commands and responses. Both are color coded differently ie Blue and Red so you can easily tell them apart.
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