https://www.patreon.com/pike_and_shot_channel https://twitter.com/pikeandshotbat1 https://www.reddit.com/r/PikeAndShotBattles/ https://www.facebook.com/pikeandshotbattles.documentaries.7 After the Fall of Rome, Europe descended into the dark ages. By the 11th century Europe started to recover and by the 1300's it was already in a golden age. All of Europe was under a system of feudalism, however things were changing in Italy. The north of Italy is divided into independent city states under the rule of despots and assemblies of oligarchs who are constantly competing among themselves. One area of competition is art and scholarship. Early Humanists like Dante, Giotto and Petrarch are early beneficiaries of this patronage. The word Humanism comes from the Humanists interest in the humanities and their love of antiquity. At the same time this cultural shift is happening, society in Northern Italy is throwing off the bonds of feudalism and is becoming more and more individualistic. Men like Leonardo, Michelangelo, Donatello and Brunelleschi find fertile ground for their art under the patronage of the Medici. While Italian Humanists are fascinated with the moral superiority of antiquity, Northern Humanists are more interested in the Bible. With the same social changes happening in Northern Europe, this inevitably leads to the Protestant Reformation. This ultimately leads to a conservative reaction, however with the printing press, capitalism and a divided Europe, the spirit of the Renaissance is unstoppable; leading to the Enlightenment and ultimately our current world. Bibliography: Jeffries, J J (2007). The Renaissance World https://amzn.to/3vruxu2 Ferguson, W K (1940). The Renaissance https://amzn.to/2SznSiM Viesner-Hanks, M E (2006). Early Modern Europe 1450–1789 https://amzn.to/3hUQpKt Nauert, C G (1995). Humanism and the Culture of Renaissance Europe https://amzn.to/3fRSQel Collins, J B (2006). Early Modern Europe Issues and Interpretations https://amzn.to/3upeknR Mazzocco, A (2006). Interpretation of Renaissance Humanism https://amzn.to/3hVxFuv Celenza, C S (2018). The Intellectual world of the Italian Renaissance https://amzn.to/2TpncNL Monfasani, J (2015). Renaissance Humanism, from the Middle Ages to Modem Times https://amzn.to/3voJayg Ruegg, W (1996). A History of the University in Europe https://amzn.to/34migeI 0:00 The Precedent 1:33 Italy 3:52 Humanists 6:10 Renaissance Art 7:18 Northern Humanists 8:53 The Renaissance of Things #Renaissance #RenaissanceExplained #Humanism ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nCPfnhlRQs4

https://www.patreon.com/pike_and_shot_channel https://twitter.com/pikeandshotbat1 https://www.reddit.com/r/PikeAndShotBattles/ https://www.facebook.com/pikeandshotbattles.documentaries.7 It's 1529. After Hernan Cortes conquers the rest of Mexico, he is forced to travel to Spain to clear himself of allegations of corruption. Charles V takes away Cortes's power, judging him too independent. During this trip he meets a distant relative, Francisco Pizarro and tells him all about conquering a mighty empire. Pizarro and his two companions, Diego de Almagro and Hernando de Luque have already conducted two expeditions to find the great kingdom that they believe lies south of Panama. In 1530 Pizarro heads out on his third expedition with 180 men. Once he arrives, he finds out that a civil war had broken out in the Inca Empire. After the death of Huayna Capac, Atahualpa defeated Huascar and now usurps power. Pizarro uses the chaos to his advantage, and going by Cortes's playbook, he marches to Cajamarca and captures Atahualpa. Atahualpa proposes to fill a room full of gold as a ransom, but after the Spanish get their gold, they still decide to kill him. More turmoil follows as Almagro rebels against Pizarro, but Pizarro's forces defeat him at the Battle of Las Salinas. Pizarro is murdered in 1541, and more chaos follows. Pedro de la Gasca the Viceroy of Peru finally restores order in 1545. This is just in time for in 1546 huge deposits of silver are found at Potosi and Zacatecas. By the end of the 16th century the Spanish Empire in America enters its first golden age. Bibliography: Kamen H (2004). Empire: How Spain Became a World Power, 1492-1763 https://amzn.to/3wwTHaX Smith, T (2005). Discovery of the Americas 1492–1800 https://amzn.to/3oSBvFU Thomas, H (2003). Rivers of Gold: The Rise of the Spanish Empire, from Columbus to Magellan https://amzn.to/3oQl9hg Castillo B D (1568). The True History of the Conquest of New Spain https://amzn.to/34rv9E1 Prescott W H (1847). History Of The Conquest Of Peru https://amzn.to/3oTjyXN Maltby, W S (2008). The Rise and Fall of the Spanish Empire https://amzn.to/3oTkkUH Irving, B R (1921). The Spanish Conquerors https://amzn.to/34n1JXH Tracy, J D (1990). The Rise of Merchant Empires https://amzn.to/3urTILI Robinson, C M (2004). The Spanish Invasion of Mexico https://amzn.to/3hWWgPA Love, R S (2006). Maritime Exploration in the Age of Discovery, 1415–1800 https://amzn.to/3wBZNXo Elliot J H (1963). Imperial Spain: 1469-1716 https://amzn.to/34oailf Parry, J H (1966). The Spanish Seaborne Empire https://amzn.to/3bVirBY Chartrand, R (2006). The Spanish Main 1492-1800 https://amzn.to/3urVblc Scammell, G V (1989). The First Imperial Age: European Overseas Expansion 1500-1715 https://amzn.to/3yED9Q4 Fisher, J R (1997). ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PVPUd9-bGfk

https://www.patreon.com/pike_and_shot_channel https://twitter.com/pikeandshotbat1 https://www.reddit.com/r/PikeAndShotBattles/ https://www.facebook.com/pikeandshotbattles.documentaries.7 3D model of the early modern fortifications of La Rochelle made in Blender. La Rochelle became famous as the final refuge of the Huguenots during the French Wars of Religion. There were two great sieges of La Rochelle in 1572-73 and 1627-28 #3D #3DCastleModel #3dLaRochelle ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVQaT8qXfuA

https://www.patreon.com/pike_and_shot_channel https://twitter.com/pikeandshotbat1 https://www.reddit.com/r/PikeAndShotBattles/ https://www.facebook.com/pikeandshotbattles.documentaries.7 It's 1559. King Henry II of France dies in a tragic accident. His 15 year old son, Francis II follows him on the throne, but he quickly falls under the influence of the Guise. Tensions are already high due to the Protestant vs. Catholic conflict, and this only makes things worse. Calvinists such as the Prince of Conde and Admiral Coligny feel threatened. After the Conspiracy of Amboise and the succession of Charles IX, Catherine of Medici attempts to compromise by the Edict of January of 1562. But with the Massacre of Vassy and the intervention of Philip II and Elizabeth I, war seems inevitable. Bibliography: Knecht, R J (2010). The French Wars of Religion 1559-1598 https://amzn.to/3v9NaTh Knecht, R J (2002). The French Religious Wars 1562–1598 https://amzn.to/3wy3Fc4 Holt, M P (1995). The French Wars of Religion 1562-1629 https://amzn.to/3oQVPrv Thompson, J W (1909). The Wars of Religion in France 1559-1576 https://amzn.to/2ROKtrF Wood, J B (1997). Warfare, Soldiers and Society during the Wars of Religion in France https://amzn.to/3yHqETJ Armstrong, E (1904). The French Wars of Religion: The Political Aspects https://amzn.to/3fLSSV1 Koenigsberg, H G (1968). Europe in the Sixteenth Century https://amzn.to/2RFmw6n Dickens, A G (1966). Reformation and Society in Sixteenth-Century Europe https://amzn.to/34lOqqI Greengrass, M (2014). Christendom Destroyed Europe 1517-1648 https://amzn.to/3oRedAt Sutherland, N M (1973). The Massacre of St. Bartholomew and the European conflict https://amzn.to/3hZYihJ Norwich, J J (2018). A History of France https://amzn.to/3fSX05I Hart D G (2013). Calvinism A History https://amzn.to/3fpDwGQ Tol, J A M (2016). Germany and the French Wars of Religion, 1560-1572 https://amzn.to/34jSE1R Bergin, J (2014). The Politics of Religion in Early Modern France https://amzn.to/3bVEh8g Nolan, C J (2006). The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650 An Encyclopedia https://amzn.to/3vrLlky Dunn, R S (1970). The age of religious wars, 1559-1689 https://amzn.to/3flZTwv Caroll, S (1998). Noble Power during the French Wars of Religion https://amzn.to/3yFBA4i Parker, G (2014). Imprudent King The New Life of Philip II https://amzn.to/3vr413V Viesner-Hanks, M E (2006). Early Modern Europe 1450–1789 https://amzn.to/3hUQpKt Collins, J B (2006). Early Modern Europe Issues and Interpretations https://amzn.to/3upeknR McLachlan, S (2020). The Reisläufer https://amzn.to/3vrRdud 0:00 The Joust 0:41 The Guise, the Bourbons and Catherine 2:12 Calvinism 4:46 Tumult of Amboise 7:01 Catherine of Medici and the Politiques 9:14 Char ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2yvESIGUdI