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ENBREL review: enbrel injection, enbrel 25 mg, enbrel 50 mg
.ENBREL review: enbrel injection, enbrel 25 mg, enbrel 50 mg.

What is Enbrel? .


Enbrel is a medicine that contains the active substance etanercept. It is available as vials containing a powder that is made up into a solution for injection, and as prefilled syringes and pens containing a solution for injection.


What is Enbrel used for? .


Enbrel is an anti-inflammatory medicine. It is used for the treatment of the following diseases:

moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis (an immune-system disease causing inflammation of the joints) in adults (aged 18 years or over). Enbrel is used with methotrexate (a medicine that acts on the immune system) in adults with moderate or severe disease who have not responded adequately to other treatments, or on its own if methotrexate is not suitable for the patient. Enbrel can also be used in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis who have not taken methotrexate before.

certain forms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (a rare childhood disease causing inflammation of many joints) in the following groups:

patients aged two to 17 years who have polyarthritis (rheumatoid-factor-positive or -negative) and extended oligoarthritis and have not responded adequately to or cannot take methotrexate.

adolescents aged 12 to 17 years who have psoriatic arthritis (a disease causing red, scaly patches on the skin and inflammation of the joints) and have not responded adequately to or cannot take methotrexate.

adolescents aged 12 to 17 years who have enthesitis-related arthritis and have not responded adequately to or cannot take standard treatment.

psoriatic arthritis in adults who have not responded adequately to other treatments.

severe ankylosing spondylitis (a disease causing inflammation of the joints of the spine) in adults who have not responded adequately to other treatments;
plaque psoriasis (a disease causing red, scaly patches on the skin) in adults with moderate to severe disease and in patients from the age of six years with long-term severe disease. Enbrel is used in patients who have not responded to or cannot receive other treatments for this disease.

Severe non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (a chronic inflammatory disease of the spine) when there are objective signs of inflammation but no abnormalities seen on x-ray.

For more information, see the summary of product characteristics (also part of the EPAR).

The medicine can only be obtained with a prescription.


How is Enbrel used? .


Enbrel treatment should be started and supervised by a specialised doctor who has experience in the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases that Enbrel is used to treat.

Enbrel is given by injection under the skin. For adults, the usual recommended dose is 25 mg twice a week or 50 mg once a week. Treatment with 50 mg twice a week can also be used during the first 12 weeks of treatment for plaque psoriasis. For patients below 18 years of age, the dose depends on body weight. The patient or carer can give the injection if they have been trained appropriately. For more information, see the package leaflet.

Patients who take Enbrel must be given the special alert card that summarises important safety information about the medicine.


How does Enbrel work?


The active substance in Enbrel, etanercept, is a protein that has been designed to block the activity of a chemical messenger in the body called tumour necrosis factor (TNF). This messenger is found at high levels in patients with the diseases that Enbrel is used to treat. By blocking TNF, etanercept reduces the inflammation and other symptoms of the diseases. Etanercept is produced by a method known as ‘recombinant DNA technology’: it is made by cells that have received a gene (DNA) that makes them able to produce etanercept.


What are side effects associated with Enbrel? .


The most common side effects with Enbrel (seen in more than 1 patient in 10) are injection site reactions (including bleeding, bruising, redness, itching, pain and swelling) and infections (including colds, and lung, bladder and skin infections). Patients developing a serious infection should stop Enbrel treatment. For the full list of all side effects reported with Enbrel, see the package leaflet.

Enbrel must not be used in patients who have or are at risk of sepsis (when bacteria and toxins circulate in the blood and start to damage the organs), or in patients with infections.

For the full list of restrictions, see the package leaflet.
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