#magneticmonopoles #theoryofeverything #particlephysics Why can’t we find any magnetic monopoles? A monopole is a hypothetical elementary particle that is an isolated magnet with only one magnetic pole (a north pole without a south pole or vice versa). What happens when you break a magnet in two? Do you get two isolated poles? In 1931, the physicist Paul Dirac showed that if any magnetic monopoles exist in the universe, then all electric charges in the universe would be quantized. Since we observe that electric charge is quantized, we believe their existence is consistent with the laws of physics. For over 100 years physicists have hoped to find magnetic monopoles. Physicists are almost certain they exist. If they do they’ll solve some of the most vexing problems in all of physics. But no matter how hard experimentalists look, we can’t find magnet monopoles. Today we’ll explain what we know and don’t know about these most mysterious magnets. There’s nothing in physics, classical or quantum, that says you can’t. And If you could, you’d receive the eternal love of every physicist on earth. So why can’t we find them? A team at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has established a lower mass limit for the still elusive hypothesized particle. They did so by creating the biggest magnetic field EVER observed in the universe! The experimental particle physics collaboration known as MoEDAL—the Monopole and Exotics Detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)—the same place where the Higgs boson was discovered -- used heavy-ion collisions, just like our last encounter with RHIC. A lead-lead collision experiment at the LHC succeeded in producing a magnetic field with a strength of 10^16 T, the strongest ever observed in the universe. MoEDAL has now published its results, and although no magnetic monopoles were observed, the team did exclude the possibility of monopoles with masses smaller than 75 GeV/c^2, which is roughly 80 times as large as the mass of the proton. Could a monopole relate to dark energy and dark matter? Although no magnetic monopoles were discovered, the negative result narrows the range in which future experiments will look for magnetic monopoles. That search continues: MoEDAL will deploy a new detector at the LHC to look for magnetic monopoles with higher mass and magnetic charge. Time stamps 00:00 The Marvelous Missing Monopole 01:00 Dirac quantization https://ncatlab.org/nlab 01:44 Theories of Everything 02:00 Michio Kaku The God Equantion 03:40 The Valentine's Day Event and SQUID 05:00 Beautiful Symmetry 06:00 The MoEDAL Experiment at CERN's LHC 06:12 You got RHIC Rolled! 08:00 MoEDAL, the Hulk, and the Future REFERENCES Blas Cabrera's possible monopole discovery https://physicstoday.scitation.org/doi/abs/1 ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQUmPgJ1-OY

#Thermodynamics #Information #QuantumComputers In this whimsical tale, Nicole Yunger Halpern reenvisions 19th-century thermodynamics for the 21st century, using the mathematical toolkit of quantum information (QI) theory. She applies QI thermodynamics as a lens through which to view the rest of science, gaining new perspectives on atomic, molecular, and optical physics, condensed matter, chemistry, high-energy physics, and biophysics. She calls this research “quantum steampunk,” after the steampunk genre of art and literature that juxtaposes Victorian settings with futuristic technologies. In Dr. Yunger’s book, Quantum Steampunk, the Industrial Revolution meets the quantum-technology revolution! It is a steampunk adventure guide to how mind-blowing quantum physics is transforming our understanding of information and energy. In the book, she shows how Victorian-era steam engines and particle physics may seem worlds (as well as centuries) apart, yet a new branch of science, quantum thermodynamics, reenvisions the scientific underpinnings of the Industrial Revolution through the lens of today's roaring quantum information revolution. Classical thermodynamics understood as the study of engines, energy, and efficiency, needs reimagining to take advantage of quantum mechanics, the basic framework that explores the nature of reality by peering at minute matters, down to the momentum of a single particle. Readers follow the adventures of a rag-tag steampunk crew on trains, dirigibles, and automobiles, as they explore questions such as, "Can quantum physics revolutionize engines?" and "What deeper secrets can quantum information reveal about the trajectory of time?" Yunger Halpern also describes her own adventures in the quantum universe and provides an insider's look at the work of the scientists obsessed with its technological promise. Nicole Yunger Halpern, is a theoretical physicist, NIST physicist and Adjunct Assistant Professor of Physics at the University of Maryland.  She is also currently a Fellow of the Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science at the University of Maryland. https://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title/12750/quantum-steampunk https://quantumsteampunk.umiacs.io/ https://twitter.com/nicoleyh11 https://quics.umd.edu/ 00:00:00 Intro 00:03:20 Judging the book by its cover 00:08:32 What is Entropy? 00:10:11 Where does physics end and chemistry begin? 00:12:55 What is Maxwell's Demon? 00:25:01 What does it mean to destroy information? What happens if I burn this book?! 00:30:37 What is a Boltzmann Brain? 00:37:44 What is a quantum computer? 00:43:26 Can quantum computing help make the blockchain more efficient? 00:47:16 Why go into thermodynamics as a career now? 00:52:36 The unsung virtues of thermometry. 00:56:24 W ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvskUVpn4mM