Can we put our differences aside to advance humanity into space? Or will we fall prey to our ancient instincts, evolved for a world far different from the one we find ourselves in today? And what could it be like to tour the inhabited worlds of the solar system a century from now? In this lesson, the Terran Space Academy walks you through these issues, and takes you on that wonderful tour of the future our descendants, and perhaps we, if technology advances fast enough, can experience. Shop the Academy store at... https://shop.spreadshirt.com/terran-space-academy Please help support our channel at... https://www.patreon.com/terranspaceacademy Thank you so much for watching! Ad Astra Pro Terra Artists https://twitter.com/C_Bass3d https://twitter.com/LabPadre https://twitter.com/Neopork85 https://twitter.com/hazegrayart https://twitter.com/AlexSvanArt https://twitter.com/_fragomatik_ https://twitter.com/nickhenning3d https://twitter.com/RGVaerialphotos Companies https://twitter.com/NASA https://twitter.com/SpaceX https://www.cochranex.com https://twitter.com/blueorigin https://twitter.com/Space_Ryde https://twitter.com/VirginGalactic https://twitter.com/relativityspace https://twitter.com/NeutronStarSys Credits ESA ULA NASA Boeing SpaceX Whatif? SpaceRip Blue Origin HazeGrayArt ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cocKbIsKcQ

We tend to think that once a spacecraft is in orbit it is out of Earth’s atmosphere…this is not strictly true The atmosphere of the Earth extends farther out than most people realize. Surprisingly, an extension of our atmosphere is found to have caused oxidation of the Moon. The Moon is 382,900 kilometers from the Earth on average with the farthest distance or apogee this year at 406,692 km and its closest or perigee 2 weeks later at 356,907km. The atmosphere of the Earth seems to be a thick shield that protects our planet from cosmic and solar radiation and most meteors. But wait a minute. The average radius of the Earth is 6,371km. Space is considered to start just 100km above the surface. To get an idea about how thin that really is go get an average size bowling ball and breath on it so the surface fogs. The thickness of that moisture on the bowling ball is the relative thickness of our atmosphere. This is like taking a beach ball and laying a sheet of paper on top. We don’t often think of the atmosphere this way. We depend on it to stop our spacecraft, but above 30km we have left behind 99% of the atmosphere, and at 100km the atmosphere becomes so thin that we have left 99.9999% of it behind. How can what is left have any effect on our spacecraft? The atmosphere of Earth is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, a little less than 1% argon and 0.0410% CO2 and rising. It was 0.314% in 1976. That may not sound like a lot but as CO2 retains heat it has a noticeable effect. As the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere rises with climate change, we can expect all our numbers to have shifted a little, higher temperatures, lower pressure, and density. The atmosphere starts with the troposphere which starts at the surface of the planet and extends up to about 15 km at most, quite often less depending on the temperature and sun activity. Since the tallest mountain on Earth is Mount Everest at 8,848 meters, so only halfway through the troposphere. The stratosphere starts at 15km and extends to about 50km. So, remember 15-50… next comes the mesosphere which extends to 85 km. Most meteors burn up in the mesosphere. The next layer is the thermosphere which extends all the way out to 600km, but let’s think about that. At what altitude does the international space station orbit? Very close to 400km. That means the station is well within the thermosphere. The next layer is the ionosphere which is a layer of electrons, atoms and molecules that overlaps some of the mesosphere and thermosphere, stretching from about 45 km above the surface to about 365km. The size of the ionosphere grows and shrinks based on the sun’s activity. The ionosphere is divided into subregions, D, E and F, based on the wavelength of solar radiation a ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TE-_FcEINVk

Why have neutron radiation from fusion when there are better options? Most fusion reactor designs around the world today are depending on using deuterium-deuterium or deuterium-tritium fusion. Helium-3 fusion would be aneutronic but until we have large regolith processing colonies on the Moon with mass drivers, or Helion Energy gets busy, there won't be enough on Earth to make a difference. But several companies are already working to make safe, efficient fusion energy available to everyone. Eventually small enough to power your home, car, aircraft, and perhaps within your lifetime. Spaceship. Allowing you to retire on the Moon or Mars when those joints get creaky. Running around and jumping like a kid again! Shop the Academy store at... https://shop.spreadshirt.com/terran-space-academy Please help support our channel at... https://www.patreon.com/terranspaceacademy Thank you so much for watching! Ad Astra Pro Terra Extra Credit! A fusion industry lecture by Dr. Dr. Matthew Moynihan https://youtu.be/3tIJwlQgb_o Artists https://twitter.com/C_Bass3d https://twitter.com/LabPadre https://twitter.com/Neopork85 https://twitter.com/hazegrayart https://twitter.com/AlexSvanArt https://twitter.com/_fragomatik_ https://twitter.com/nickhenning3d https://twitter.com/RGVaerialphotos Companies https://hb11.energy/ https://twitter.com/NASA https://twitter.com/SpaceX https://www.cochranex.com https://twitter.com/blueorigin https://twitter.com/Space_Ryde https://twitter.com/VirginGalactic https://twitter.com/relativityspace https://twitter.com/NeutronStarSys Credits ITER NASA CNBC StraaangeTV HB-11 Energy Triple Alpha Energy Just Have a Think Sources and Further Study https://www.youtube.com/@fladou https://www.youtube.com/@11Alive https://www.youtube.com/@alohastoked https://www.youtube.com/@CNBCtelevision https://www.youtube.com/@JustHaveaThink ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0WI7-u6-F58

Should the US prepare for battle in space? The news is not good. Russia is either planning to or has placed nuclear-armed EMP weapons in orbit while China is rapidly progressing toward its planned goal of dominating the Moon. At one time, the United States understood that if an adversary controlled the Moon, they would control orbital space. Will we relearn that lesson the hard way? Shop the Academy store at... https://shop.spreadshirt.com/terran-space-academy Please help support our channel at... https://www.patreon.com/terranspaceacademy Thank you so much for watching! Ad Astra Pro Terra Artists https://twitter.com/C_Bass3d https://twitter.com/LabPadre https://twitter.com/Neopork85 https://twitter.com/hazegrayart https://twitter.com/AlexSvanArt https://twitter.com/_fragomatik_ https://twitter.com/nickhenning3d https://twitter.com/RGVaerialphotos Companies https://twitter.com/NASA https://twitter.com/SpaceX https://www.cochranex.com https://twitter.com/blueorigin https://twitter.com/Space_Ryde https://twitter.com/VirginGalactic https://twitter.com/relativityspace https://twitter.com/NeutronStarSys Credits ESA ULA USAF NASA SpaceX Airsource Blue Origin For All Mankind Starship Troopers HazeGrayArt ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXDgqz46v1I