The Everyday Gourmet: Rediscovering the Lost Art of Cooking - Lesson 4: Sauté - Dry-Heat Cooking with Fat
In this lesson, you will learn about sautéing, which is a cooking technique that involves dry-heat cooking with fat. The significance of using oil, or fat, instead of water in this technique is that oil allows the use of very high temperatures, which allow your food to brown very effectively. Browned food not only looks great, but it also has great flavor. Steak, chicken, and fish are tender proteins that respond well to dry-heat cooking with fat, which is one of the four cooking techniques.
Stir-frying is nothing more than sautéing with a Chinese passport; it involves dry-heat cooking with fat. Everything you have already learned about sautéing can be brought to bear on stir-frying in this lesson. French chef Fernand Point said that success in the kitchen is really the result of a lot of small things properly done, and that’s the mindset that you need to have when you stir-fry. The process of stir-frying unfolds quickly, but if you pay attention to the details and focus on your technique, you will create a wonderful stir-fry dish.
Unless you are really careful, you can quickly become overwhelmed with too many esoteric tools, pots, and pans in the kitchen. The trick is that you don’t need a lot of tools—you just need the right tools. This lesson will help you select the tools that you need so that your kitchen becomes a friendlier, safer, more enjoyable place. The goal of this lesson is to move you toward a kitchen that works for you and for the food that you would like to cook in that kitchen.
Pâte à choux, or choux paste, is one of the classic doughs. Although it’s sometimes called cream puff pastry, it actually has many other applications. The same dough can be used to make cream puffs, chocolate éclairs, profiteroles, and even profiteroles that might be fashioned into a glorious croquembouche. The method for making pâte à choux is unique in that it’s a twice-cooked pastry dough. In this lesson, we’ll learn how to make that dough, as well as a cream for filling your pastries and two glazes for topping them.
Panna cotta and chocolate mousse are both easy to make yet offer lots of possibilities for elegant presentations. Panna cotta has the rich, luxurious quality of a custard, but in fact, it’s a cream-based dessert that’s thickened with gelatin. Mousse can also be based on cream, but some recipes start off with a sabayon base, similar to the buttercream we made in an earlier lesson. In other recipes, a meringue is folded into the mousse. Panna cotta, in particular, is a great recipe to have in your repertoire because it can be made a day ahead for a party. For a unique approach, try serving either of these desserts in wine or martini glasses and spooning a delicious sauce on top.
Seafood is one of the last wild crops. It is pulled from a dark and watery world and seems somehow unfamiliar and a little bit challenging. Even if you have never eaten seafood, you probably know that it is good for you and think that you should be eating more of it. Many people have eaten seafood that is expensive but, quite frankly, tastes fishy. This lesson will help you understand what to look for when buying seafood.
The French built a culinary tradition that was all about technique, not about recipes or ingredients. Once a chef learned those techniques, it didn’t matter where he or she went in the world, the technique would serve as a great culinary base. Sauces, such as béchamel and beurre blanc, are prominent in French food. In this lesson, you will learn about French mother sauces, Spanish romesco sauce, Chinese five-spice honey dip, and Thai curry.
Contrary to what you might think, your cutting board and knives can be your friends. Cutting vegetables does not have to be tedious and messy. In fact, if you focus on the job at hand and tune everything else out, then cutting vegetables can even be therapeutic. Every recipe that you use will call for vegetables to be prepared slightly differently, so it is important to be familiar with the various types of knives and what they are used for. Knives are quite possibly the most important piece of equipment that you will use in the kitchen.
Salad greens are lettuces and some of the specialty greens that are tender enough to be eaten as they are. They don’t need to be cooked. In contrast, field greens, or cooking greens, do need to be cooked. In this lesson, you will learn how to cook a variety of field greens, and you will learn how to make a few recipes that feature field greens.
The glorious variety of vegetables, which changes with every change of season, is what keeps food interesting. The category of vegetables includes seeds, such as corn, beans, and peas; pods, such as green beans; flowers, such as cauliflower and artichoke; roots, such as beets, parsnips, carrots, and turnips; bulbs, such as onions, shallots, and garlic; tubers, such as potatoes and sweet potatoes; and leaves, such as spinach, parsley, and cilantro. Every restaurant has the same meats to offer, but different assortments of vegetables bring interesting heterogeneity to the table.