Lost Discoveries: The Ancient Roots of Modern Science--From the Babylonians to the Maya
Author: Dick Teresi File Type: pdf Lost Discoveries, Dick Teresis innovative history of science, explores the unheralded scientific breakthroughs from peoples of the ancient world -- Babylonians, Egyptians, Indians, Africans, New World and Oceanic tribes, among others -- and the non-European medieval world. They left an enormous heritage in the fields of mathematics, astronomy, cosmology, physics, geology, chemistry, and technology.The mathematical foundation of Western science is a gift from the Indians, Chinese, Arabs, Babylonians, and Maya. The ancient Egyptians developed the concept of the lowest common denominator, and they developed a fraction table that modern scholars estimate required 28,000 calculations to compile. The Babylonians developed the first written math and used a place-value number system. Our numerals, 0 through 9, were invented in ancient India the Indians also boasted geometry, trigonometry, and a kind of calculus.Planetary astronomy as well may have begun with the ancient...
Author: Robert Penn Warren
File Type: pdf
In 1964, Robert Penn Warren interviewed leaders, activists, and artists engaged in the U.S. Civil Rights Movement. His interviewees included well-known figures such as Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcom X, and James Baldwin, as well as lesser-known individuals whose names might otherwise be lost to history. Transcripts from these interviews, combined with Warrens reflections on the movement, were first published in 1965 as Who Speaks for the Negro? This unique text in the history of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement serves as a powerful oral history of an all-important struggle. A new introduction by David W. Blight places the book in historical perspective. Warrens book remains a luminous volume about race, racism, the South, black America, and our national destiny. We ignore or forget his work at our peril.Arnold Rampersad, Stanford University Not exactly a stroll down memory lane and certainly not a song to sing, yet Who Speaks for the Negro? brings back a question one would have thought already answered. We still search Americas soul for how to and who to include. This is still a book worthy of your time and somehow still a part of ours.Nikki Giovanni Fifty years later, we have this archival treasure that demonstrates why the Civil Rights Movement in fact gave our land its second equality, life, and liberty movement.Reverend James M. Lawson, Jr. **html
Author: Brenda Marie Osbey
File Type: pdf
Gabriel Okara, a prize-winning author whose literary career spans six decades, is rightly hailed as the elder statesman of Nigerian literature. The first Modernist poet of anglophone Africa, he is best known for The Fishermans Invocation (1978), The Dreamer, His Vision (2005), and for his early experimental novel, The Voice (1964). Arranged in six sections, Gabriel Okara Collected Poems includes the poets earliest lyric verse along with poems written in response to Nigerias war years literary tributes and elegies to fellow poets, activists, and loved ones long dead and recent dramatic and narrative poems. The introduction by Brenda Marie Osbey contextualizes Okaras work in the history of Nigerian, African, and English language literatures. Gabriel Okara Collected Poems is at once a treasure for those long in search of a single authoritative edition and a revelation and timely introduction for readers new to the work of one of Africas most revered poets. **
Author: David Schmidtz
File Type: pdf
What is justice? Questions of justice are questions about what people are due, but what that means in practice depends on context. Depending on context, the formal question of what people are due is answered by principles of desert, reciprocity, equality, or need. Justice, thus, is a constellation of elements that exhibit a degree of integration and unity, but the integrity of justice is limited, in a way that is akin to the integrity of a neighborhood rather than that of a building. A theory of justice is a map of that neighborhood.
Author: Diana Taylor
File Type: pdf
In The Archive and the Repertoire preeminent performance studies scholar Diana Taylor provides a new understanding of the vital role of performance in the Americas. From plays to official events to grassroots protests, performance, she argues, must be taken seriously as a means of storing and transmitting knowledge. Taylor reveals how the repertoire of embodied memoryconveyed in gestures, the spoken word, movement, dance, song, and other performancesoffers alternative perspectives to those derived from the written archive and is particularly useful to a reconsideration of historical processes of transnational contact. The Archive and the Repertoire invites a remapping of the Americas based on traditions of embodied practice. Examining various genres of performance including demonstrations by the children of the disappeared in Argentina, the Peruvian theatre group Yuyachkani, and televised astrological readings by Univision personality Walter Mercado, Taylor explores how the archive and the repertoire work together to make political claims, transmit traumatic memory, and forge a new sense of cultural identity. Through her consideration of performances such as Coco Fusco and Guillermo Gomez-Penas show Two Undiscovered Amerindians Visit . . . , Taylor illuminates how scenarios of discovery and conquest haunt the Americas, trapping even those who attempt to dismantle them. Meditating on events like those of September 11, 2001 and media representations of them, she examines both the crucial role of performance in contemporary culture and her own role as witness to and participant in hemispheric dramas. The Archive and the Repertoire is a compelling demonstration of the many ways that the study of performance enables a deeper understanding of the past and present, of ourselves and others. **
Author: Martin Bossenbroek
File Type: epub
The Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902) is one of the most intriguing conflicts of modern history. It has been labeled many things the first media war, a precursor of the First and Second World Wars, the originator of apartheid. The difference in status and resources between the superpower Great Britain and two insignificant Boer republics in southern Africa was enormous. But, against all expectation, it took the British every effort and a huge sum of money to win the war, not least by unleashing a campaign of systematic terror against the civilian population. InThe Boer War, winner of the Netherlands 2013 Libris History Prize and shortlisted for the 2013 AKO Literature Prize, the author brings a completely new perspective to this chapter of South African history, critically examining the involvement of the Netherlands in the war. Furthermore, unlike other accounts, Martin Bossenbroek explores the war primarily through the experiences of three men uniquely active during the bloody conflict. They are Willem Leyds, the Dutch lawyer who was to become South African Republic state secretary and eventual European envoy Winston Churchill, then a British war reporter and Deneys Reitz, a young Boer commando. The vivid and engaging experiences of these three men enable a more personal and nuanced story of the war to be told, and at the same time offer a fresh approach to a conflict that shaped the nation state of South Africa.**ReviewBossenbroek seems able to read the hearts and souls of the protagonists of the Boer War without doing any disservice to the truth or the facts. This is what gives The Boer War--as thrilling a read as a kids adventure storyy--its gravity and elegance. Bossenbroek lifts the genre of nonfiction to a higher plane. -- NRC Handelsblad (Hollands leading daily newspaper of record, akin to the New York Times) You know how the war will end, and even so, The Boer War reads like a 460-page thriller. Bossenbroek has worked wonders. --Het Parool (Amsterdam-based Dutch-language daily newspaper) About the AuthorMARTIN BOSSENBROEKis an associate professor and historian at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands. He graduated from the Free University of Amsterdam in 1980 and received his doctorate from the University of Leiden in 1992. He is the author of many scholarly articles, andThe Boer Waris his seventh published book. TranslatorYVETTE ROSENBERGwas born in Johannesburg and educated at the universities of Cape Town and Natal. After immigrating to the Netherlands, she was employed as a translator and editor at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in The Hague from 1983 to 2005. Since 1995 she has also worked on numerous freelance translation projects, including for the Van Gogh Museum and the Rijksmuseum. She lives in Amsterdam and Cape Town.
Author: A. C. Grayling
File Type: epub
Scientist, mathematician, traveller, soldier -- and spy -- Rene Descartes has been called the father of modern philosophy. Born in 1596 into an era still dominated by the medieval mindset, he was one of the chief actors in the riveting drama that ushered in the modern world. His life coincided with an extraordinarily significant time in history -- the first half of the miraculous seventeenth century, replete with genius in the arts and sciences, and wracked by civil and international conflicts across Europe. Before his death in 1650 Descartes made immense contributions to an exceptionally wide range of fields and disciplines, and his assertion Cogito, ergo sum (I think, therefore I am) has become one of the most famous maxims in all philosophy. He was the very archetype of a Renaissance man, and yet surprisingly little is known about him. Drawing on new research and his own insights as one of our leading philosophers, A. C. Grayling presents a stunningly accessible and fascinating portrait of the man and the remarkable era in which he lived. **
Author: Grace Lee Boggs
File Type: pdf
More than a deeply moving memoir, this is a book of revelation. Grace Lee Boggs, Chinese American, middle class, highly educated, discovers through her encounters with remarkable rebels, blue collars as well as philosophers, where the body is buried who is doing what to whom in our society. It is an adventure that is truly liberating. Studs TerkelGrace Lee Boggs has made a fundamental difference in keeping alive the traditions of the struggles for freedom and democracy. Cornel WestLiving for Change is a sweeping account of the life of an untraditional radical from the end of the thirties, through the cold war, the civil rights era, and the rise of Black Power, the Nation of Islam, and the Black Panthers to the present efforts to rebuild our crumbling urban communities. This fascinating autobiography traces the story of a woman who transcended class and racial boundaries to pursue her passionate belief in a better society.Grace Lee Boggs was raised in New York City during a time when her father was not allowed to buy land for their home because he was Chinese. Educated at Barnard and Bryn Mawr, Boggs was in her twenties when radical politics beckoned, and she was inspired to become a revolutionary focusing on the black community.During her early years as an activist in New York, Boggs began a twenty-year friendship and collaboration with C. L. R. James, the brilliant and influential West Indian Marxist to whom she devotes a revelatory chapter of this book. In 1953, she moved to Detroit where, she writes, radical history had been made and could be made again. It was also the home of James Boggs, an African American auto worker (and later author and revolutionarytheoretician) who would become one of the movements freshest and most persuasive voices, as well as Graces husband. Beginning with their work together on the newsletter Correspondence, Grace and James formed the core of a network that over the years would include Malcolm X, L
Author: Julie S. Draskoczy
File Type: pdf
Containing analyses of everything from prisoner poetry to album covers, Belomor Criminality and Creativity in Stalins Gulag moves beyond the simplistic goodevil paradigm that often accompanies Gulag scholarship. While acknowledging the normative power of Stalinism--an ethos so hegemonic it wanted to harness the very mechanisms of inspiration--the volume also recognizes the various loopholes offered by artistic expression. Perhaps the most infamous project of Stalins first Five-Year Plan, the Belomor construction was riddled by paradox, above all the fact that it created a major waterway that was too shallow for large crafts. Even more significant, and sinister, is that the project won the backing of famous creative luminaries who enthusiastically professed the doctrine of self-fashioning. Belomor complicates our understanding of the Gulag by looking at both prisoner motivation and official response from multiple angles, thereby offering a more expansive vision of the labor camp and its connection to Stalinism. **