On this episode of Animal Fact Files discover some whales who aren't whales at all. You can learn more on: Twitter - https://twitter.com/animalfactfiles Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/animalfactfiles/ --- We always do what we can to be as accurate as possible but we're only human; if you catch a mistake please let us know and provide a link for verification! --- All images, videos and sound effects used herein are 1) public domain, 2) used under a Creative Commons license*, 3) used with the express permission of the copyright holder, or 4) used under the parameters of Fair Use law. Credits via Youtube: Sean Morse - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tr510eOdbS0 KingfishDK - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiBMVY82KHA erasingscott - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SvYbmYldlIY communitiesdiary - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L5WFPSEhqr4 Azores Whale Watching TERRZ AZUL - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=II_LVu9XryU Credits via Flickr: Oliver Bruchez - https://www.flickr.com/photos/bruchez/30241330012; https://www.flickr.com/photos/bruchez/30061499210 Mike Charest - https://www.flickr.com/photos/mikecharest/15880694297 Christopher Michel - https://www.flickr.com/photos/cmichel67/4173390858/ Credits via Wiki Users: Hans Hillewaert - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cyamus_boopis_(dorsal).jpg Other attributions: Nakawe Project - https://vimeo.com/268703580 www.iucnredlist.org - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killer_whale#/media/File:Cypron-Range_Orcinus_orca.svg Wild Orca - https://vimeo.com/106952693 Rick Boufford - https://vimeo.com/195074089 Websites used for research collection: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/o/orca/ https://us.whales.org/wdc-in-action/facts-about-orcas https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Orcinus_orca/ https://www.killer-whale.org/ http://marinebio.org/species.asp?id=84 https://books.google.com/books?id=D8cw6_K4MHQC https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X99002337 http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z89-105#.W4KLU-hKiM8 http://www.takepart.com/article/2014/02/24/did-wild-orca-really-just-attack-diver-new-zealand/ https://www.victoriawhalewatching.com/2016/07/12/southern-resident-vs-transient/ https://books.google.com/books?id=At4jWmmaq6QC https://www.azula.com/whale-lice-2544743547.html http://www.native-languages.org/killer-whale.htm http://wildwhales.org/threats/toxins/ - bioaccumulation *you can find information about all the different types of CC licenses here: https://creativecommons.org/ **changes were made to the original

On this episode of Animal Fact Files discover some fish with a crazy mouth as well as the only* vertebrates with a single nostril. You can learn more on: Twitter - https://twitter.com/animalfactfiles Facebook - https://facebook.com/animalfactfiles/ *Not including possibly maybe hagfish (tbd) --- We always do what we can to be as accurate as possible but we're only human; if you catch a mistake please let us know and provide a link for verification! --- All images, videos and sound effects used herein are 1) public domain, 2) used under a Creative Commons license*, 3) used with the express permission of the copyright holder, or 4) used under the parameters of Fair Use law. Credits via Youtube: Gary Hale - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xGRUO21Jc0o Glamorgan Rivers Trust - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7gIYzZOsEQ David Hewlett - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGxlVgzTMAw Credits via Flickr: USFWS Midwest Region - https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/28004177415; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/14906986102; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/16599005556; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/16624148091; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/16625250345; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/15177511496; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/15013974267; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/15013963908; https://www.flickr.com/photos/usfwsmidwest/16030077762 NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab - https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaa_glerl/8741970596; https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaa_glerl/8740460349; https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaa_glerl/8740463207 Bureau of Land Management Oregon and Washington - https://www.flickr.com/photos/blmoregon/27067997756 Dluogs - https://www.flickr.com/photos/50834689@N04/5559898434; https://www.flickr.com/photos/50834689@N04/5559321099 Credits via Wiki Users: Lamiot - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lamproie_Planer57.jpg; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lamproie_Planer49p.jpg Tiit Hunt - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:J%C3%B5esilmud2.jpg Dino Kanlic - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pacific_Lamprey_.w_(4).jpg Drow male - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Petromyzon_marinus.003_-_Aquarium_Finisterrae.JPG Fredlyfish4 - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lampetra_aepyptera_UMFS_1.JPG; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lampetra_aepyptera_juvenile_1.jpg Sturisoma - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lampetra_planeri._%D0%92_%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85_1.jpg; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lampetra_planeri._%D0%92_%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85_2.jpg; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lampetra_planeri._%D0%92_%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%85_4.jpg Websites used for research collection: https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/basalfish/petro.html https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=159696#null https://www.fishbase.se/summary/OrdersSummary.php?order=Petromyzontiformes&lang=french https://www.ucl.ac.uk/museums-static/obl4he/vertebratediversity/lamphreys.html https://books.google.com/books?id=ugGXBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA35 https://books.google.com/books?id=SV7tMdvdC0EC&pg=PA35 http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4125/ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0032945213110064 https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/z2012-085#.XIJ-mChKiM8 https://science.jrank.org/pages/3796/Lampreys-Hagfishes-Lampreys.html https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sea-lamprey.html http://science.sciencemag.org/content/296/5565/138 https://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/f80-213#.XIKSHChKiM8 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0204193 https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ichthyomyzon_unicuspis/ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Petromyzon_marinus/ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ichthyomyzon_gagei/ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ichthyomyzon_fossor/ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Ichthyomyzon_castaneus/ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249440212_Lethal_Temperatures_in_Ammocoetes_of_Four_Species_of_Lampreys *you can find information about all the different types of CC licenses here: https://creativecommons.org/ **changes were made to the original

On this episode of Animal Fact Files discover the currency of the ocean. You can learn more on: Twitter - https://twitter.com/animalfactfiles Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/animalfactfiles/ --- We always do what we can to be as accurate as possible but we're only human; if you catch a mistake please let us know and provide a link for verification! --- All images, videos and sound effects used herein are 1) public domain, 2) used under a Creative Commons license*, 3) used with the express permission of the copyright holder, or 4) used under the parameters of Fair Use law. Credits via Flickr: Marco Verch - https://www.flickr.com/photos/30478819@N08/42739970682 Bernard Sragg. NZ - https://www.flickr.com/photos/volvob12b/10181380376 Serge Melki - https://www.flickr.com/photos/sergemelki/4317051931 Kim Schuster - https://www.flickr.com/photos/timmielee5359/7290451364 Kathy - https://www.flickr.com/photos/44603071@N00/2600422643 Justin Henry - https://www.flickr.com/photos/zappowbang/8597204317 Susan Kelleher - https://www.flickr.com/photos/susanlk74/2378889561 matthew mclain - https://www.flickr.com/photos/matthew_mclalin/16582238043 Björn S... - https://www.flickr.com/photos/40948266@N04/42662621301; https://www.flickr.com/photos/40948266@N04/42625908332 Lori L. Stalteri - https://www.flickr.com/photos/llstalteri/6371684111 Scott Leslie - https://www.flickr.com/photos/nessman/201506105 ktsadowski - https://www.flickr.com/photos/34226483@N00/2734759202 mark6mauno - https://www.flickr.com/photos/mark6mauno/2395046706 splashypants - https://www.flickr.com/photos/mihirvaze/357116083 Bruno Vellutini - https://www.flickr.com/photos/nelas/7988730705; https://www.flickr.com/photos/nelas/7988736760; https://www.flickr.com/photos/nelas/7988738638 Ria Tan - https://www.flickr.com/photos/wildsingapore/469652242 John Tracy - https://www.flickr.com/photos/jmichaeltracy/4014918719 Rebecca Siegel - https://www.flickr.com/photos/grongar/7578743700 Justin Ennis - https://www.flickr.com/photos/averain/7860277590 Tim Sheerman-Chase - https://www.flickr.com/photos/tim_uk/15563887282 Terry Ross - https://www.flickr.com/photos/qnr/1806877106; https://www.flickr.com/photos/qnr/1806026671 Jerry Kirkhart - https://www.flickr.com/photos/jkirkhart35/423749561/ Credits via Wiki Users: Lord Mountbatten - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aristotle%27s_lantern-Indonesia.JPG Philippe Bourjon - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxopneustes_pileolus#/media/File:Lanterne_d%27Aristote_de_Toxopneustes_pileolus.jpg Magnus Kjaergaard - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sheephead.JPG Vejlenser - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_pout#/media/File:WHSA_Ocean_Pout.jpg D. Gordon E. Robertson - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eccentric_sand_dollar.jpg Websites used for research collection: https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animal-guide/invertebrates/sand-dollar https://www.britannica.com/animal/sand-dollar https://www.encyclopedia.com/plants-and-animals/animals/zoology-invertebrates/sand-dollar https://books.google.com/books?id=u-05DwAAQBAJ https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0009654 http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=123100 https://www.coinworld.com/news/world-coins/2017/03/silver-dollar-from-palau-shaped-like-a-sand-dollar.all.html https://books.google.com/books?id=uXxSdaYWPG4C https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/animals/stories/things-you-dont-know-about-sand-dollars http://www.sanibelseaschool.org/experience-blog/2015/11/5/sand-dollars-dead-or-alive https://www.thoughtco.com/sand-dollar-profile-2291807 http://awesomeocean.com/guest-columns/fascinating-truth-behind-sand-dollars-name/ http://www.private-scuba.com/sea-life/marine/invertebrates/echinoderms/sand-dollars.html http://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/echinoid-directory/morphology/dollars/lunules.html https://www.orlandovillas.com/florida_guide/legend-of-sand-dollar.aspx *you can find information about all the different types of CC licenses here: https://creativecommons.org/ **changes were made to the original

On this episode of Animal Fact Files discover some stingrays who wouldn't survive if they swam in the ocean. You can learn more on: Twitter - https://twitter.com/animalfactfiles Facebook - https://facebook.com/animalfactfiles/ --- We always do what we can to be as accurate as possible, but we're only human; if you catch a mistake please let us know and provide a link for verification! --- All images, videos and sound effects used herein are 1) public domain, 2) used under a Creative Commons license*, 3) used with the express permission of the copyright holder, or 4) used under the parameters of Fair Use law. brx0_ - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgSEjACR8LA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyAbu2E7A10 TheRenzenator - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQ4k3f6gzyU richlayers - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gS4wHRh2Ksg Bernard DUPONT - https://www.flickr.com/photos/berniedup/6978486064 shankar s. - https://www.flickr.com/photos/shankaronline/7987426005 Aaron Gustafson - https://www.flickr.com/photos/aarongustafson/4226649219 AnktAggrwl - https://www.flickr.com/photos/50651603@N00/2351919772 chrisbb@prodigy.net - https://www.flickr.com/photos/15577588@N00/2240351587 noelweathers - https://www.flickr.com/photos/77454909@N00/262647109 Jim, the Photographer - https://www.flickr.com/photos/72744295@N00/3915590005; https://www.flickr.com/photos/72744295@N00/3915604405 charlotteshj - https://www.flickr.com/photos/charlotteshj/3755675666 Cliff - https://www.flickr.com/photos/28567825@N03/3420300292 M Pincus - https://www.flickr.com/photos/21641019@N05/2321330354 Clinton & Charles Robertson - https://www.flickr.com/photos/dad_and_clint/5806483821 Barry Rogge - https://www.flickr.com/photos/34542316@N00/2148692368 Citron - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_leopoldi.ogv Dezidor - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ryby_v_ZOO_(5).jpg; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_jabuti1.jpg KoS - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aquarium_tropical_du_Palais_de_la_Porte_Dor%C3%A9e_-_Potamotrygon_castexi.jpg Michael Barera - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dallas_World_Aquarium_January_2019_03_(Arrau_turtles,_bigtooth_river_stingrays,_and_golden_dorados).jpg; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dallas_World_Aquarium_January_2019_07_(polka-dot_stingrays).jpg Stan Shebs - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_henlei_1.jpg Ryan Phillips - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_dallas.jpg Thesupermat - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Raie_d%27eau_douce_tachet%C3%A9e.JPG Guerin Nicolas - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2_Potamotrygon_motoro_(Wroclaw_zoo).JPG; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_motoro_(Wroclaw_zoo).JPG Steven G. Johnson - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ocellate_river_stingray,_Boston_Aquarium.jpg © Raimond Spekking / CC BY-SA 4.0 (via Wikimedia Commons) - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pfauenaugen-Stechrochen_-_Ocellate_river_stingray_-_Potamotrygon_motoro.jpg Cedricguppy- Loury Cedric - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_motoro_-_raye_d%27eau_douce_-_Aqua_Porte_Dor%C3%A9e_01.JPG; File:Potamotrygon_motoro_-_raye_d%27eau_douce_-_Aqua_Porte_Dor%C3%A9e_03.JPG; File:Potamotrygon_motoro_-_raye_d%27eau_douce_-_Aqua_Porte_Dor%C3%A9e_04.JPG; File:Potamotrygon_motoro_-_raye_d%27eau_douce_-_Aqua_Porte_Dor%C3%A9e_07.JPG Chmee2 - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_motoro_in_Botanic_garden_in_Teplice_(2).JPG Marcel Burkhard - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stachelroche.jpg Johan Fredriksson - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Stingrocka.jpg Lukas Mizoch - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zoo_Ostrava,_trnucha_skvrnit%C3%A1,_%C4%8Derven_2010,_1.jpg; https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zoo_Ostrava,_trnucha_skvrnit%C3%A1,_%C4%8Derven_2010,_2.jpg Claire Powers - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_national_zoo2.jpg Sesamehoneytart - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Potamotrygon_tigrina_(Tennessee_Aquarium,_Chattanooga).jpg Sergey A - http://www.fishbase.us/photos/ThumbnailsSummary.php?Genus=Paratrygon&Species=aiereba# Amanda Chase - https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/4231457 Terry Hunefeld - https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/13375809; https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/13375833 https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=160975#null https://www.fishbase.se/summary/FamilySummary.php?ID=21 https://nationalzoo.si.edu/animals/freshwater-stingray https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whiptail_stingray https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Potamotrygon_motoro/ https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dasyatidae/ https://www.jstor.org/stable/1541076?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20693375 books.google.com/books id=Gzc2DwAAQBAJ id=K-1Ygw6XwFQC id=Ds6sDQAAQBAJ id=pwZDDwAAQBAJ *CC licenses: https://creativecommons.org/