Author: Ralph Lerner
File Type: pdf
One sure fact of humanity is that we all cherish our opinions and will often strongly resist efforts by others to change them. Philosophers and politicians have long understood this, and whenever they have sought to get us to think differently they have often resorted to forms of camouflage that slip their unsettling thoughts into our psyche without raising alarm. In this fascinating examination of a range of writers and thinkers, Ralph Lerner offers a new method of reading that detects this camouflage and offers a way toward deeper understandings of some of historys most importantand most concealedmessages. Lerner analyzes an astonishing diversity of writers, including Francis Bacon, Benjamin Franklin, Edward Gibbon, Judah Halevi, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln, Moses Maimonides, and Alexis de Tocqueville. He shows that by reading their words slowly and naively, with wide-open eyes and special attention for moments of writing that become self-conscious, impassioned, or idiosyncratic, we can begin to see a pattern that illuminates a thinkers intent, new messages purposively executed through indirect means. Through these experimental readings, Lerner shows, we can see a deep commonality across writers from disparate times and situations, one that finds them artfully challenging others to reject passivity and fatalism and start thinking afresh. **Review Lerner has written an outstanding book in which he shows the legitimacy and fruitfulness of concentrating, above all, upon the surfaces of texts. This approach is applicable to different periods of time and diverse sorts of works. If anyone doubts that there is a similarity between, say, reading Maimonides and reading Francis Bacon, they will be in for a surprise. (Raymond L. Weiss, University of WisconsinMilwaukee) Each of these readings is in an interpretative gem that provides an essential key to the thinker and text explored. The collection as an ordered and integrated whole builds a massively compelling case and model for the recovery of an art of reading whose naivete is in fact the energetic receptivity to authors whose works reach out, subtly and seductively, for partners in revelatory dialogue. (Thomas L. Pangle, University of Texas at Austin) What do Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln have in common with Sir Francis Bacon, Edward Gibbon, and Alexis de Tocqueville, as well as with Judah Halevi and Moses Maimonides? In his examination of these writers, Lerner demonstrates something obvious that, to our detriment, we tend to overlook. These men chose their words with care their aim was persuasion and they often pursued that end gently, by way of indirection, in a manner intended to induce the members of the audience they addressed to persuade themselves. Lerner teaches us how to read slowlywith caution and attentionand with verve and wit he shows us how to write. (Paul A. Rahe, Hillsdale College) About the Author Ralph Lerner is the Benjamin Franklin Professor Emeritus in the College and professor emeritus in the Committee on Social Thought at the University of Chicago. He is the author of several books, including Playing the Fool and Maimonides Empire of Light, both published by the University of Chicago Press.