Why Gender Matters: What Parents and Teachers Need to Know About the Emerging Science of Sex Differe Nces
Author: Leonard Sax File Type: mobi Are boys and girls really that different? Twenty years ago, doctors and researchers didnt think so. Back then, most experts believed that differences in how girls and boys behave are mainly due to differences in how they were treated by their parents, teachers, and friends. Its hard to cling to that belief today. An avalanche of research over the past twenty years has shown that sex differences are more significant and profound than anybody guessed. Sex differences are real, biologically programmed, and important to how children are raised, disciplined, and educated. In Why Gender Matters, psychologist and family physician Dr. Leonard Sax leads parents through the mystifying world of gender differences by explaining the biologically different ways in which children think, feel, and act. He addresses a host of issues, including discipline, learning, risk taking, aggression, sex, and drugs, and shows how boys and girls react in predictable ways to different situations. For example, girls are born with more sensitive hearing than boys, and those differences increase as kids grow up. So when a grown man speaks to a girl in what he thinks is a normal voice, she may hear it as yelling. Conversely, boys who appear to be inattentive in class may just be sitting too far away to hear the teacherespecially if the teacher is female. Likewise, negative emotions are seated in an ancient structure of the brain called the amygdala. Girls develop an early connection between this area and the cerebral cortex, enabling them to talk about their feelings. In boys these links develop later. So if you ask a troubled adolescent boy to tell you what his feelings are, he often literally cannot say.Dr. Sax offers fresh approaches to disciplining children, as well as gender-specific ways to help girls and boys avoid drugs and early sexual activity. He wants parents to understand and work with hardwired differences in children, but he also encourages them to push beyond gender-based stereotypes. A leading proponent of single-sex education, Dr. Sax points out specific instances where keeping boys and girls separate in the classroom has yielded striking educational, social, and interpersonal benefits. Despite the view of many educators and experts on child-rearing that sex differences should be ignored or overcome, parents and teachers would do better to recognize, understand, and make use of the biological differences that make a girl a girl, and a boy a boy.
Author: David Finkelstein
File Type: pdf
This is a study of international print networks developed across the English-speaking world over a significant part of the long nineteenth century. The first study of its kind, it draws on unique sources from Australasia, North America, South Africa, the British Isles, and Ireland, to explore how printers interacted and shared trade and cultural identities across international boundaries during the period 1830-1914. Morality, mobility, mobilisation, and solidarity were central to how compositors and print trade workers defined themselves during this period. These themes are addressed in case studies on roving printers, striking printers, and creative printers. The case studies explore the cultural values and trade skills transmitted and embedded by such actors, the global networks that enabled print workers to travel across continents in search of work and experience, the trade actions reliant on mobilization and information-sharing across the printing world, and the creative ideas that printers shared through such means as memoirs, poetry, prose, and trade news contributions to print trade journals and other public outlets.
Author: Maria Brosius
File Type: pdf
The only book of its kind to cover both the Achaemenid period and the thousand years following Alexanders conquest, The Persians explores the period from the seventh century BC, to the seventh century AD, and presents a comprehensive introduction to ancient Persia. Incorporating recent research, and translated sources from a wide range of corpus material, Maria Brosius explores the history of Persia, and brings a new understanding of Persian society and culture and the structures on which these empires were built the king and his court religion and culture art and architecture. From the lands of Egypt to the Indus River, from the Russian Steppes to the Indian Ocean, Brosius has provided an up-to-date account of the three empires of pre-Islamic Iran, and discussing key topics such as women, religion and art and architecture, she presents a clear survey of the history of these empires. Providing additional reading references along with frequent source citations, students of ancient Persia will find this an invaluable addition to their course studies. **Review the work is an excellent introduction to these three ancient civilisations which combines a depth of research, and a wide focus with a lively literary style, which makes it an easy and highly enjoyable read... this work is an excellent introduction to the Achaemenid, Parthian and Sasanian civilisations, and takes a refreshing, non-western based, approach to ancient history. - Gareth C. Sampson, BMCR About the Author Maria Brosius is Lecturer in Ancient History at the University of Newcastle
Author: Laurence Talairach-Vielmas
File Type: pdf
This bilingual collection of essays (in English and French) looks at entomology and representations of insects from a scientific, historical, philosophical, literary and artistic viewpoint. The contributions illustrate the various responses to the insect world that have developed over centuries, concentrating upon the alien qualities of insects a radical otherness that has provoked admiration and fear, or contributed to the debates over humans superiority over animals, especially during the evolutionary theory controversy, or in todays ecological debates. Insects not only helped shape new discourses on nature and on the natural world, but their literary and artistic representations also reveal how humans relate to their environment. **
Author: James Q. Wilson
File Type: pdf
As crime rates inexorably rose during the tumultuous years of the 1970s, disputes over how to handle the violence sweeping the nation quickly escalated. James Q. Wilson redefined the public debate by offering a brilliant and provocative new argumentthat criminal activity is largely rational and shaped by the rewards and penalties it offersand forever changed the way Americans think about crime. Now with a new foreword by the prominent scholar and best-selling author Charles Murray, this revised edition of Thinking About Crime introduces a new generation of readers to the theories and ideas that have been so influential in shaping the American justice system.**
Author: Michael Bishop
File Type: pdf
Ben Vautier, Niki De Saint Phalle, Francois Morellet, Louise Bourgeois, Alexandre Hollan, Claude Viallat, Sophie Calle, Bernard Pages, Jean-Pierre Pincemin, Annette Messager, Gerard Titus-Carmel eleven major French artists of the last forty years or so, examined in the light of their uniqueness and their rootedness, the specificities of their differing and at times overlapping plastic practices and the swirling and often highly hybridised conceptions entertained in regard to such practices. Thus does analysis range from discussion of the feisty, Fluxus-inspired, free-spirited funkiness of Ben Vautiers work to the various modes of transcendence of trauma and haunting fear generated by the exceptional gestures of Niki de Saint Phalle and Louise Bourgeois, to the alyrical formalism yet imbued with irony and ludicity of Francois Morellet, through to the serene intensities of Alexandre Hollans vies silencieuses, the infinite a-signatures of Claude Viallats adventure in the sheer joy of a poiein of self-reflexive coloration, the powerfully elegant and muscular disarticulations of Bernard Pages sculpture, the great sweep through arts history implied by Jean-Pierre Pincemins chameleon-like gestures, the vast swirling programme of socio-psychological analysis the arts of Annette Messager and Sophie Calle offer in their radically distinctive manners, the obsessively serialised oeuvre of Gerard Titus-Carmel allowing a burrowing deep into the opaque logic of a real though dubious presence to the world.**
Author: Anastassia Tsoukala
File Type: pdf
Providingthefirst EU-wide study of the way football hooliganism has been defined by academics, law makers andenforcers, andthe mediasince the 1960s, this bookexamines theregulation and policing of the phenomenon, whichhas beeninfluenced by security-related developments within post-bipolar EuropeReview...the study is a compelling and fascinating one - International Sports Law Journal ...Tsoukala has not merely provided a new slant on a single phenomenon she has shown that the seemingly banal control machinery of European integration can and does infringe on hard-won rights. - The Oxonian About the AuthorANASTASSIA TSOUKALA is Professorof Criminology in the Department of Sport Sciences at the University of Paris XI and Research Fellow at Paris V-Sorbonne University, France. Her research centres on the design and implementation of security policies in Europe with regard to football hooliganism, counterterrorism and immigration, and on the social construction of threat.
Author: Victoria Tin-Bor Hui
File Type: pdf
There is a common belief that the system of sovereign territorial states and the roots of liberal democracy are unique to European civilization and alien to non-Western cultures. The view has generated popular cynicism about democracy promotion in general and Chinas prospect for democratization in particular. This book demonstrates that China in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (656-221 BC) consisted of a system of sovereign territorial states similar to Europe in the early modern period. It examines why China and Europe shared similar processes but experienced opposite outcomes.ReviewVictoria Hui is perhaps the only person in the international relations field capable of writing such a sophisticated comparative history of the Chinese and European state systems. This book is pioneering in its efforts to bring Asia ina to the study of macro-historical change in world politics. She demonstrates expert command of Chinese and European sources, international relations theory, and social science research design. The result is a provocative argument about the importance of strategic amorality, ruthlessness, and resource mobilization in state building, and about why ancient Chinese states outperformed European states in these areas. Alastair Iain Johnston, Harvard UniversityVictoria Hui has successfully executed a stunningly bold macro-historical comparison, while bringing to light the workings of a fascinating international system. Scholarship on state making and system transformation in ancient China and modern Europe and, indeed, in other international systems, past, present, and future must contend with her arguments and evidence. William Wohlforth, Dartmouth CollegeDr. Hui offers us a challenging reinterpretation of modern European history by a bold and original comparison with the period of state formation in China. In doing so, she challenges some dominant theories both in the theory of state formation and in international relations theory. The boldness of the method will provoke controversy, but nothing could be more valuable, for both historians and political scientists, than to understand European history in comparative perspective. This unusual work will be of great interest, not only to students and scholars of European and Chinese history, but also to those concerned with understanding contemporary global politics. Michael Freeman, University of EssexIt is rare to encounter an analysis as attentive to detail and method, yet broad in the scope of its implications as that by Victoria Tin-Bor Hui. Her book embarks on a macro-historical study of world politics and provides a sophisticated comparative history of the Chinese and European state systems... It is the kind of book that is bound to trigger debate and it invites (if not beckons) its readers to pursue further the ideas discussed on its pages. Emilian Kavalski, University of Alberta, Political Studies ReviewVictoria Huis stimulating book represents an important contribution to the fields of political science, sociology and history that can be read with profit by Europeanists and Sinologists alike. - Thomas Ertman Book DescriptionThere is a common belief that the system of sovereign territorial states and the roots of liberal democracy are unique to European civilization and alien to non-Western cultures. This view has generated popular cynicism about democracy promotion in general and Chinas prospect for democratization in particular. This book shows that China in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods (656-221 BC) was once a system of sovereign territorial states similar to Europe in the early modern period. This book examines why China and Europe shared similar processes but experienced opposite outcomes.
Author: Lisa Duggan
File Type: pdf
From Library JournalThe political and cultural battles over issues of sexuality that have affected the nation since the mid-1980s are explored in these 15 essays written over the past decade by Duggan (history, NYU), who co-founded the Feminst Anti-Censorship Taskforce (FACT), and Hunter (law, Brooklyn Law Sch.). With refreshing authority, passion, wit, clarity, and outspokenness, these articles, which appear in book form for the first time, seek to encourage dialog about, as they offer cogent feminist analysis of, such complex and provocative issues as the call for regulationcensorship of pornography by Catharine MacKinnon and Andrea Dworkin, the effects of Bowers v. Hardwick (in which the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of Georgias sodomy laws), the distinctions between queer theory and lesbian and gay studies, and the implications of the Sharon KowalskiKaren Thompson case (Thompson fought Kowalskis parents unsuccessfully for the guardianship of her comatose lover). This historic compilation is an important contribution to the field of sexual politics.?James E. Van Buskirk, San Francisco P.L. 1995 Reed Business Information, Inc. Review...willingness to probe rather than pronounce is part of the collections strength, as is the excitement of a taking up a good fight... they provide concrete suggestions for action and fresh thinking. -- The Womens Review of BooksWith refreshing authority, passion, wit, clarity and outspokenness, these articles seek to encourage dialog about...such complex and provocative issues as the call for regulationcensorship of pornography by MacKinnon and Dworkin, the effects of Bowers v. Hardwick, and the distinctions between queer theory and lesbian and gay studies. -- Library JournalThis historic compilation is an important contribution to the field of sexual politics. -- Library JournalDuggan and Hunter have been important voices in the sex wars. Their activism, dedication, and vision are amply demonstrated in the writings collected here. These indespensible documents are scholarly, passionate, sobering, and contain many pointed lessons that still scream for assimilation by mainstream feminism and other progressive constituencies. -- Gayle Rubin, University of California, Santa CruzSex Wars is an invaluable contribution to the current debate on feminism and sex. Its essays reveal with cogent and dismaying clarity the repressive logic that links anti-pornography feminism with religious fundamentalism and homophobic paranoia. Feminists who have been struggling to combat this all-too-prevalent logic will be grateful for this new and powerful weapon in our own `sex war arsenal. -- Ellen WillisSex Wars provides a much-needed antidote to the recent tidal wave of Republicanism. This collection of a decades worth of writing by theoristsactivists Nan Hunter and Lisa Duggan offers us a sobering lesson in the recent history of sexual repression in America. But they do not leave us wringing our hands--their useful concept of sexual dissent suggests a route out of the civil rights strategies that backfire and anti-identity politics that seem dangerously close to self-annihilation. -- Cindy Patton, Temple University