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69972
Author: T. J. Clark
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In this intense and far-reaching book, acclaimed art historian T. J. Clark offers a new vision of the art of the past two centuries, focusing on moments when art responded directly in extreme terms to the ongoing disaster called modernity. Modernism, Clark argues, was an extreme answer to an extreme condition - the one Max Weber summed up as the disenchantment of the world. Clark focuses on instances of maximum stress, when the movement revealed its true nature. The book begins with Jacques-Louis David, painting at the height of the Terror in 1793, then leaps forward to Pissarro a hundred years later, struggling to picture Two Young Peasant Women in a way that agreed with his anarchist politics. Next, the author turns in succession to Cezannes paintings of the Grand Baigneuses and their coincidence in time (and maybe intention) with Freuds launching of psychoanalysis to Picassos Cubism, and to avant-garde art after the Russian Revolution. Clark concludes with a reading of Jackson Pollocks tragic version of abstraction and suggests a new set of terms to describe avant-garde art - perhaps in its final flowering - in America after 1945. Shifting between broad, speculative history and intense analysis of specific works, Clark not only transfigures our usual understanding of modern art, he also launches a new set of proposals about modernity itself.From Publishers WeeklyNo two social or aesthetic movements have been as agonizingly debated and lamented as Modernism and Socialism. Both arose in the wake of the French Revolution, and both were deemed untenable by the late 1980s. In this career-defining work, a collection of seven ruminative essays on the co-dependency of these concepts, eminent art historian Clark offers not so much a summation as an archeology, working through limit cases in the long and tortured relationship of art and politics, from Davids shrewd positioning of his portrait of Citizen Marat within the fervor of the French Revolution to the perceived anarchism of Pissarros laboring field women and the social meanings of Jackson Pollocks post-War drip paintings (Clark reads them in two intriguing contexts first, as an expression of lordly, aristocratic attitude, dismissing content in favor of form and secondly, in terms of their use as backdrops for a 1950 Vogue magazine photo shoot). He writes about politics and art without cynicism, speaking often in the direct, if melancholy, voice of one who wants something to have been, so that it might still be. Clarks is a reclamation project he seeks to return agency to the artists and paintings that gave face to modernity, and to steer us, as readers and interpreters, away from facile historicism on the one hand, and formalism on the other. The essays in this volume are always historically nuanced, aglow with Clarks deep learning and masterful prose they will doubtlessly elicit much praise and be the subject of much debate. 1999 Reed Business Information, Inc. From Library JournalThis synthesis of three decades of Clarks (modern art, Univ. of California, Berkeley) thinking and writing about modern art is not a simple book. It raises basic questions on the vitality and viability of modernism and its relation to other intellectual, political, and social developments of the 20th century. Modernisms duality, its inward reflecting and outward reaching, is echoed in Clarks approach, which treats both a broad historic view and specific works of art in relation to the material world. The reader is exposed to philosophical rumination, critical detail, and historic perspective from David at work during the Terror of the late 18th century to C?zanne painting at the time Freudian theory was evolving to Pollocks view of an abstract form reaching outward limits. A difficult, thought-provoking work that requires almost as much effort on the part of the reader as that of the author but is well worth the effort. For all academic art collections.APaula Frosch, Metropolitan Museum of Art Lib., New York 1999 Reed Business Information, Inc.
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135572
Author: Timothy Sandefur
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Throughout history, kings and emperors have promised freedoms to their people. Yet these freedoms were really only permissions handed down from on high. The American Revolution inaugurated a new vision people have basic rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and government must ask permission from them. Sadly, todays increasingly bureaucratic society is beginning to turn back the clock and to transform America into a nation where our freedomsthe right to speak freely, to earn a living, to own a gun, to use private property, even the right to take medicine to save ones own lifeare again treated as privileges the government may grant or withhold at will. Timothy Sandefur examines the history of the distinction between rights and privileges that played such an important role in the American experiment, and how we can fight to retain our freedoms against the growing power of government. Illustrated with dozens of real-life examplesincluding many cases he litigated himselfSandefur shows how treating freedoms as government-created privileges undermines our Constitution and betrays the basic principles of human dignity. **From the Inside FlapThroughout history, kings and emperors have promised freedoms to their people. Yet these freedoms were really only permissions handed down from on high. The American Revolution inaugurated a new vision people have basic rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, and government must ask permission from them. Sadly, todays increasingly bureaucratic society is beginning to turn back the clock and to transform America into a nation where our freedoms--the right to speak freely, to earn a living, to own a gun, to use private property, even the right to take medicine to save ones own life--are again treated as privileges the government may grant or withhold at will. Timothy Sandefur examines the history of the distinction between rights and privileges that played such an important role in the American experiment, and how we can fight to retain out freedoms against the growing power of government. Illustrated with dozens of real-life examples---including many cases he litigated himself--Sandefur shows how treating freedoms as government-created privileges undermines our Constitution and the basic principles of human dignity. From the Back CoverWith The Permission Society, his fourth magnificent book, plus countless articles, speeches, and legal briefs, Timothy Sandefur has emerged as one of Americas most important political and legal theorists. Yet his writing is eminently readable. Here, his focus is on the fundamental shift from liberty to license that began setting in systematically during the Progressive Era, after which Americans increasingly have had to get permission from government officials before they could open a business, build on their property, attend to their health, and even speak in many contexts. Rich in both theory and example, this book puts the modern world of liberty only by government permission in perspective. The Founders blood would boil, and the readers will too. -- Roger Pilon, B. Kenneth Simon Chair in Constitutional Studies at the Cato Institute and Director of the Cato Institutes Center for Constitutional Studies It is remarkable that one man can be both an active constitutional litigator and a genuine constitutional scholar. Timothy Sandefurs latest book brilliantly explains how freedom is not permission. Are we citizens whose liberty is presumed or are we subjects who must seek permission from our rulers? Read this important book and decide. -- Randy E. Barnett, Carmack Waterhouse Professor of Legal Theory, Georgetown Law, and author of Our Republican Constitution Securing the Liberty and Sovereignty of We the Peopleand Restoring the Lost Constitution The Presumption of Liberty. Timothy Sandefur has always been focused on one thing freedom. Sadly, licensing laws and permit requirements are taking more and more of our freedoms away, and forcing Americans instead to ask approval from bureaucrats before they can build homes, take jobs, or even express their political opinions. In this book, Sandefur makes a powerful case for why a free society is better than a permission society--and explains how we can act to defend our freedoms in the future. -- Hugh Hewitt, radio talk show host and author of The Brief Against Obama The Rise, Fall & Epic Fail of the Hope & Change Presidency
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