Author: Theodore Christov File Type: pdf How did the Hobbesian state of nature and the discourse of anarchy - separated by three centuries - come to be seen as virtually synonymous? Before Anarchy offers a novel account of Hobbess interpersonal and international state of nature and rejects two dominant views. In one, international relations is a warlike Hobbesian anarchy, and in the other, state sovereignty eradicates the state of nature. In combining the contextualist method in the history of political thought and the historiographical method in international relations theory, Before Anarchy traces Hobbess analogy between natural men and sovereign states and its reception by Pufendorf, Rousseau and Vattel in showing their intellectual convergence with Hobbes. Far from defending a realist international theory, the leading political thinkers of early modernity were precursors of the most enlightened liberal theory of international society today. By demolishing twentieth-century anachronisms, Before Anarchy bridges the divide between political theory, international relations and intellectual history. **

Author: John Stillwell File Type: pdf This popular account of set theory and mathematical logic introduces the reader to modern ideas about infinity and their implications for mathematics. It unifies ideas from set theory and mathematical logic and traces their effects on mainstream mathematical topics of today, such as number theory and combinatorics.The treatment is historical and partly informal, but with due attention to the subtleties of the subject. Ideas are shown to evolve from natural mathematical questions about the nature of infinity and the nature of proof, set against a background of broader questions and developments in mathematics. A particular aim of the book is to acknowledge some important but neglected figures in the history of infinity, such as Post and Gentzen, alongside the recognized giants Cantor and Goedel.ReviewThis sequel to the authors Yearning for the Impossible provides a readable survey of logicians efforts to explicate the notions of truth, proof and undecidability, including the quest to find examples of natural undecidable statements. Leavened with historical details, it focuses on the role of infinitary considerations in the development of modern mathematics, with particular attention to the undervalued contributions of Emil Post and Gerhard Gentzen. --John W. Dawson, Jr., author of Logical DilemmasI love reading anything by John Stillwell. If youve ever been tantalized by the puzzles of infinity, set theory, and logic, and want to understand whats really going on, this is the book for you. Its an exceptionally fine piece of mathematical exposition. --Steven StrogatzStillwell has provided an accessible, scholarly treatment of all the foundational studies todays well-rounded professional mathematician ought to know, and has managed to do so in just over 200 pages. And that includes all the relevant history. I highly recommend it. --Keith Devlin, Stanford University, author of The Millennium Problem and co-author of The Computer as Crucible An Introduction to Experimental Mathematics About the AuthorJohn Stillwell was born in Melbourne, Australia in 1942 and educated at Melbourne High School, the University of Melbourne (M.Sc. 1965), and MIT (Ph.D. 1970). From 1970 to 2001 he taught at Monash University in Melbourne, and since 2002 he has been Professor of Mathematics at the University of San Francisco. He has been an invited speaker at several international conferences, including the International Congress of Mathematicians in Zurich 1994. His works cover a wide spectrum of mathematics, from translations of classics by Dirichlet, Dedekind, Poincare, and Dehn to books on algebra, geometry, topology, number theory, and their history. For his expository writing he was awarded the Chauvenet Prize of the Mathematical Association of America in 2005, and the AJCU National Book Award in 2009. Recent titles by Stillwell include Yearning for the Impossible, Mathematics and Its History, The Four Pillars of Geometry, and Geometry of Surfaces.

Author: R. A. H. King File Type: pdf The volume presents essays on the philosophical explanation of the relationship between body and soul in antiquity from the Presocratics to Galen, including papers on Parmenides on thinking (E. Hussey, R. Dilcher), Empedocles Love (D. OBrien), tripartition of the soul in Plato (T. Buchheim), Aristotle especially the Parva Naturalia (C. Rapp, T. Johansen, P.-M. Morel), Peripatetics after Aristotle (R. Sharples), Hellenistic Philosophy (C. Rapp, C. Gill), and Galen (R. J. Hankinson). The title of the volume alludes to a phrase found in Plato, Aristotle and Plotinus, referring to aspects of living behaviour involving both body and soul, and is a commonplace in ancient philosophy, dealt with in very different ways by different authors.**

Author: Pier Paolo Pedrini File Type: pdf How to persuade citizens to enlist? How to convince them to fight in a war which was, for many, distant in terms of kilometres as well as interest? Modern persuasion techniques, both political and commercial, were used to motivate enlistment and financial support to build a factory of consensus. The propagandists manipulated the public, guiding their thoughts and actions according to the wishes of those in power and were therefore the forerunners of spin doctors and marketing and advertising professionals. Their posters caught the attention of members of the public with images of children and beautiful women, involving them, nourishing their inner needs for well-being and social prestige, motivating them by showing them testimonials in amusing and adventurous situations, and inspiring their way of perceiving the enemy and the war itself, whose objective was to make the world safe for democracy. In the discourse of this strategy we find storytelling, humour, satire and fear, but also the language of gestures, recognized as important for the completeness of messages. Were the propagandists hidden persuaders who knew the characteristics of the human mind? We do not know for certain. However, their posters have a personal and consistent motivation which this book intends to demonstrate. **About the Author Pier Paolo Pedrini teaches Techniques of Persuasion for the Masters Program in Public Management and Policy at the University of Italian Switzerland, Psychology of Communication at the Institute of Continuing Education and at other advanced schools. A researcher at the Ecole Nationale de lAdministration Publique (Universite du Quebec en Outaouais, Gatineau), he is also an advertising agent and a consultant for marketing and advertising.