Before jumping into Carl Jung and Analytical Psychology, there were a lot of precursors that informed his theories on psychological depth in humans and unconscious reactions. Kind of like the Presocratics before Socrates and Plato, these scientists of the unconscious were precursors for Freud, Jung, and many others.
Intro: 0:00 Charles Féré and Social Hygiene: 0:24 Alfred Binet and Hypnosis: 41:01 Pierre Janet and Mental Hygiene: 45:57
All photos, video, and music from Wikipedia, Pixabay, and YouTube
Blog: http://psychreviews.org/the-presocratics-thales/
Richard D. McKirahan delves into the problem of Thales, and how to discover the original contributions of the greek philosopher from the legend.
Intro: 0:00
Belief in myths, power, control, and jealousy: 1:15
Why Miletus?: 4:00
Second-hand sources: 5:33
Thales: 6:32
Geometry: 8:22
Astronomer: 9:38
Water: 12:48
All things are full of Gods: 14:14
Legacy: 17:07
Photos, videos, and music from Storyblocks and Wikipedia.
Theogony - Hesiod: Kindle: https://amzn.to/37hvyu3 Paperback: https://amzn.to/2Jn4ocM
The Milesians: Thales - Georg Wöhrle, Richard Mckirahan, Gotthard Strohmaier, Ahmed Alwishah: https://amzn.to/3gIN25E
Philosophy Before Socrates - McKirahan, Richard D.: Kindle: https://amzn.to/3o72KLC Paperback: https://amzn.to/36g9jW0
Histories - Herodotus: Kindle: https://amzn.to/39mlti5 Paperback: https://amzn.to/3qcNY7S
Photos:
Location of Miletus at the Maeander River's mouth By Eric Gaba, Wikimedia Commons user Sting, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7187209
A 640 BCE one-third stater coin from Lydia, shown larger By Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. http://www.cngcoins.com, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=547604
Measuring Pieces - by Fred the Oyster, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35157931
Olive trees on Thassos, Greece By Petr Pakandl - Own work, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1176962
This darkness reached shortly before its end (evening) Asia Minor Von Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak and Jean Meeus (NASA's GSFC) - NASA, siehe [1], Catalog Number 03379, Attribution, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40074537
Magnetite By Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10172826
Amber By uploaded with permission from User Lanzi by Ra'ike on de.wikipedia - own work from User Lanzi on de.wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1075751
Seven Sages of Greece By Clemens Schmillen - Derived from this file:, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=68429623
Thales (Electricity), sculpture from "The Progress of Railroading" (1908), main facade of Union Station (Washington, DC) By Danvera at English Wikipedia, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6617203
Hera and Athena handshaking, late 5th century BC, Acropolis Museum, Athens By Marsyas, 07.04.2007, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1930787
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4HJswRzqM2Y
Blog: http://psychreviews.org/totem-taboo-sigmund-freud-envy-part-2/
After Freud’s initial success, he was ready to start taking his early theories and advance them into other areas outside of Psychoanalysis and to look deeply at the human condition. One of his most famous and influential books was Totem and Taboo which focused on comparing the mental life of primitive societies, their superstitions, their scapegoating to that of modern individuals under his label of neurosis.
With research from then current anthropologists and Darwinism, Freud was able to connect his Oedipus theory to a psychoanalytic original sin, and began fleshing out early understandings of Narcissism which he later delved into. The book itself provides one of the best understandings of envy and human conflict in all literature.
Intro: 0:00
Survival: 1:53
Self vs. Other 2:41
Entitlement 4:11
Temporary solidarity 5:39
Oedipus Complex 6:13
Mental representations 7:26
Projection and Introjection 8:52
How it starts 10:24
Leadership 12:39
Worshiping who gets our needs met 14:16
Petty conspiracies 15:33
Outro: 17:00
Totem and Taboo - Sigmund Freud: Paperback: https://amzn.to/2VdpQnf
Herrnstein, R.J. (1961) Superstition: A corollary of the principle of operant conditioning.
Stock photos and video from Storyblocks, Getty Open Content & Wikipedia
Intro Music:
Fast Gallop - Logue Ihn, BMI, 40, Dustin S Pearson, BMI, 30, William Pearson, BMI, 30
Music: Gustav Mahler - Symphony no. 5 - I. Trauermarsch Waterloo-Cedar Falls Symphony
Photo credits:
Saharan rock art By Gruban - File:Algerien 5 0049.jpg, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=23326304
Batammariba, Togo, rituel initiatique des jeunes filles, casque des initiées By Vansinor (Dominique Sewane) - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45055293
Finely crafted Pan Balance or scales with boxed set of standardized gram masses. By Mauro Cateb - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16502828
Contraction/Desiccation cracks in dry earth (Sonoran desert, Mexico). By Tomas Castelazo - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3193235
A Mongolian gazelle dead due to drought. By Mark Heard from Calgary, Alberta, Canada - Victim of Drought - Mongolian Gazelle - Gobi Desert Mongolia, 2001, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12231011
A farmer works on his field threshing with yolks in old age By Jayaseerlourdhuraj - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17402571
Bog Bodies – Celt sacrifices of kings to the gods.
https://www.irishcentral.com/news/bog-bodies-are-kings-sacrificed-by-celts-says-expert-129289548-237410131
The presiding magistrate at the p
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYsiu4v9N6Y
Freud continued his self-analysis in The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, and like in most of his works, he explored his personal experiences to understand others. In this instance he chose to examine his forgetfulness, bungled intentions, and slips of the tongue, that so many of us suffer on a daily basis. Despite criticisms from psychologists, his book became popular and was his first vehicle to spread ideas of psychoanalysis to a wider audience.
Intro: 0:00
Parapraxsis: 0:47
Signorelli, Botticelli, and Boltraffio: 1:31
Complexes: 7:37
Condensation: 9:44
Willpower and Intentions: 11:00
Free will or Determinism?: 13:39
Unconscious theft: 15:46
Tension between the individual and society: 17:22
Outro: 18:45
The Psychopathology of Everyday Life - Sigmund Freud: Kindle: https://amzn.to/2HO099R Hardcover: https://amzn.to/3mj83qI
Photos from Getty, Storyblocks, Wikipedia and Pixabay
Sound effects from Storyblocks and Mynoise.net
Dubrovnik By Diego Delso, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32513716
Main Street By I, Beyond silence, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2584479
Dubrovnik By Edwardwexler at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=41618376
Kotor By Chensiyuan - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=50069342
Antichrist By Georges Jansoone (JoJan) - Self-photographed, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4432323
Orvieto Cathedral CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=971149
The Danmed By Luca Signorelli (Own photo) Georges Jansoone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0"
"Christ in Judgment" by Fra Angelico and Benozzo Gozzoli, Photo: Georges Jansoone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0
Trafoi - By Snapshots Of The Past - Trafoi Hotel and Post Tyrol Austro-Hungary, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=20120367
Men's Edwardian fashions https://traprock.info/trap/e/edwardian-mens-fashion.html
Unknown copyright The Operating Room in The Hamidiye Children's Hospital, Istanbul, 1900s
Music:
Beethoven - Violin Sonata no. 9 'Kreutzer', Op. 47 performed by Edward Auer
Liszt - Piano Sonata in B minor, S. 178 - Jean Dubé
Schumann - Scenes from Childhood, Op. 15 - Donald Betts
Of Foreign Lands And Peoples
Dreaming / Reverie (Träumerei)
Child Falling Asleep
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIc_h2tub5M
Blog: http://psychreviews.org/the-art-of-seeing-csikszentmihalyi-robinson/
In the ambitious study "The Art of Seeing: An Interpretation of the Aesthetic Encounter", Csikszentmihalyi and his associates analyze how a person experiences and appreciates art. Through the use of questionnaires of art experts, both the reason why we like art, and what we can do to enjoy it more, are explored.
Intro: 0:00
What is good art? 1:21
Artist as Neurotic 1:51
The Head and the Heart 4:39
Different people, different experiences 6:10
Art and Flow 7:22
The Art of Seeing (How to appreciate art) 8:35
Outro: 20:54
The Art of Seeing: An Interpretation of the Aesthetic Encounter ~ Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, Rick E. Robinson: Paperback: https://amzn.to/2Jbn8fM
1001 Paintings you must see before you die: https://amzn.to/325vZ9F
Credits:
Stock photos, paintings and footage from Storyblocks and Wikipedia
Music:
Beethoven - Sonata No. 30 in E Major, Op. 109 - III. Andante molto cantabile ed espressivo - Ivan Ilic
Mussorgsky - Pictures at an Exhibition - Chiara Bertoglio
Schubert - Fantasy in C Major Op.15 D.760 'Wanderer' - II. Adagio - Daniel Blanch
Paintings in order of appearance:
Jean Germain Drouais - Marius at Minturnae
Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin - Still-Life with Jar of Olives
Antonio Canova - Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss
Pablo Picasso - Melancholy Woman
Edvard Munch - Melancholy
Vincent Van Gogh - Wheatfield with Crows
Vincent Van Gogh - The Sower at sunset
Vincent Van Gogh - The Sower
Ferdinand Hodler - Rhythmic landscape on Lake Geneva
Joaquín Sorolla - Walk on the beach
Ferdinand Hodler - Lake Geneva from Chexbres
Vincent Van Gogh - Sunflowers (F458), repetition of the 4th version (yellow background)
Johannes Vermeer - The Music Lesson
Vincent Van Gogh - The Langlois Bridge at Arles (F570)
JMW Turner - Snow Storm - Steam-Boat off a Harbour's Mouth
Juan Gris - Portrait of Picasso
Vincent Van Gogh - Café Table with Absinthe
Diego Velázquez - Las Meninas
Katsushika Hokusai - Red Fuji southern wind clear morning
John Singer Sargeant - Madame X
Peder Severin Krøyer - Hip, Hip, Hurrah!
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec - Equestrienne (at the cirque fernando)
Julius Exner - Gondola excursion
Édouard Vuillard - Garden at Vaucresson
Jackson Pollack - Number One (Lavender Mist)
Kazimir Malevich - Black Suprematic Square
Kazimir Malevich and Nikolai Suetin - Black Circle
Max Liebermann - In the field
Johannes Vermeer - Girl with a pearl earring
Rembrandt - Self-portrait
Jan Willem Pieneman - The Battle of Waterloo
H. A. Brendekilde - Young girls picking anemones in a spring forest
H. A. Brendekilde - A wooded path in autumn
John Atkinson Grimshaw - Evening glow
Louise Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun - Self Portrait in a Straw Hat
Edward Hopper - Nighthawks
Giorgione - The t
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7c3b-T81iBo
Blog: http://psychreviews.org/world-narcissistic-abuse-awareness-day-june-1st/
World Narcissistic Abuse Awareness day is June 1st , and I would like to do a small review on some of the precursors to Narcissistic Personality Disorder. As much as we hate the damage caused by these abusers, narcissists are still people and they came from families that weren’t dissimilar to ours. Some of the causes are related to inheritance but there are many other early family experiences that contribute to this disorder.
Intro: 0:00
Emotional Control and Self-Esteem: 1:31
The comparison problem 2:28
Mentalizing 3:28
Impaired empathy 4:06
Fear 5:17
Inheritance 6:20
Temperament 6:47
Psychological Trauma 7:22
Age inappropriate roles 9:00
Limited individuation and no support for separation 10:02
Splitting 12:13
Controlling siblings 13:11
Controlling school 13:47
Controlling the world 14:34
Duping delight 16:39
Gaslighting 17:36
Other risks 18:28
Outro 20:29
Music and stock photos by Storyblocks
World Narcissistic Abuse Awareness Day Summit, June 1st
http://www.wnaad.com/survivor-empowerment-telesummit-2018/
Disorders of Narcissism edited by Elsa Ronningstam (excerpts and paraphrases from Paulina F. Kernberg): Hardcover: https://amzn.to/36hK31x Paperback: https://amzn.to/3o3gqak
Psychopathy and the Law by Helinä Häkkänen-Nyholm, and Jan-Olof Nyholm: Kindle: https://amzn.to/3o9SmlZ Paperback: https://amzn.to/2KHwKiw
Robert I. Simon (2009) Distinguishing Trauma-Associated Narcissistic Symptoms from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Diagnostic Challenge, Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 10:1, 28-36, DOI: 10.1080/10673220216206
Ronningstam, Elsa. (2017) Intersect between self-esteem and emotion regulation in narcissistic personality disorder – implications for alliance building and treatment Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 2017, Volume 4.
Ronningstam, Elsa. (2016). Pathological Narcissism and Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Recent Research and Clinical Implications. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports. 3. 10.1007/s40473-016-0060-y.
Svenn Torgersen, John Myers, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Espen Røysamb, Thomas S. Kubarych, and Kenneth S. Kendler (2012). The Heritability of Cluster B Personality Disorders Assessed Both by Personal Interview and Questionnaire. Journal of Personality Disorders: Vol. 26, No. 6, pp. 848-866. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2012.26.6.848
Tritt, Shona M. et al., Pathological narcissism and the depressive temperament. Journal of Affective Disorders, Volume 122, Issue 3, 280 – 284
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_C-P28w058
Blog: https://psychreviews.org/object-relations-melanie-klein-pt-3/
As Melanie Klein put her past behind her, she began conversing with analysts in England. There was a mixture of skepticism with a sense of wonder and mystery about her process. She appeared both as a riff raff in the psychoanalytical community, but others were curious to see if she had been underrated, a diamond in the rough.
Intro: 0:00
Getting her act together: 0:24
Criticism: 6:44
The mind's creative expression: 18:15
The end of the German Republic: 59:58
All music and photos from Wikipedia, Craiyon, Pixabay, and Pexels
Fading over time - Scapes
Time slows down - Nowt
Snowfall - Oneheart, reidenshi
Resources:
Love, Guilt and Reparation: And Works 1921-1945 (The Writings of Melanie Klein, Volume 1) by Melanie Klein: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780743237659/
Envy and Gratitude and Other Works, 1946 - 1963 (2nd Edition) by Melanie Klein: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780743237758/
Melanie Klein: Her World and Her Work by Phyllis Grosskurth: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9781568214450/
Freud-Klein Controversies - Pearl King, Riccardo Steiner: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780415082747/
Melanie Klein Dr Julia Segal: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780761943013/
The New Dictionary of Kleinian Thought by Elizabeth Bott Spillius, Jane E. Milton, Penelope Garvey, Cyril Couve, Deborah Steiner: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780415592598/
The Language of Psychoanalysis by Jean Laplanche, Jean-Bertrand Pontalis: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780367328139/
Blog: http://psychreviews.org/love-sigmund-freud-and-beyond/
Valentine's Day is coming soon and instead of something light and fluffy, it's a good a time as any to do a deep dive into intimate relationships. Social connections and intimate relationships are the boogeyman for many people. Some prefer being alone and others feel that intimate relationships are worth it, even if there are a lot of conflicts. For them we are making social memories that last a lifetime. Love is always worth it! Then there are another group of people who treat it as a hobby and think that it's not worth taking seriously. It's a cynical game where most of the fun is in the anticipation. Consummation leads to boredom.
Intro: 0:00
Art vs. Reality: 0:41
Object Choice: 4:11
The Love Triangle: 8:46
My Spot!: 20:09
Debasement and impotence: 27:45
The web of social dependencies: 45:32
Photos and videos by Storyblocks, Pexels and Wikipedia.
A new generation of high-end sex doll or poseable mannequin By Photograph own work, mannequin created by www.dsdoll.com, with permission granted from dsdoll.com - Own work, with mannequin supplied by www.dsdoll.com, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33555965
Music from Storyblocks and Musopen
Beethoven - Violin Sonata no. 9 'Kreutzer', Op. 47 - II. Andante con Variazioni
Edward Auer
Straus - Wiener Klange Im Walzertakt Mit Johann Strauss - II - European Archive
Resources:
Sigmund Freud - The Standard Edition Vol XI: https://amzn.to/2W0nYiE
Deceit, Desire, & the Novel - René Girard: Paperback: https://amzn.to/3qdciWY
The Battered Woman - Lenore Walker: https://amzn.to/3qdyBMb Paperback: https://amzn.to/37yxPRN
The Woman and the Puppet - Pierre Louÿs: Paperback: https://amzn.to/2KScn2j
Oughourlian, J. (1996). Desire is mimetic: a clinical approach Contagion: Journal of Violence, Mimesis, and Culture 3 (1):43-49 (1996).
Teaching English in Vietnam 5:00: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHr44dKglVQ
Why is Japan So 'Racist' Sometimes?: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZbNpW8f9IE
Brain mechanisms of pleasure and addiction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=de_b7k9kQp0
On Narcissism - Freud: https://youtu.be/p5bkxLpQ0Qo
The 'Wolfman' Part 1: https://youtu.be/bMCmhDc9j5U
The 'Wolfman' Part 2: https://youtu.be/7Rw0L6x330A
The 'Wolfman' Part 3: https://youtu.be/ywoB8G3UvO4
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVxjMP83ajo
Blog: http://psychreviews.org/the-false-self/
In this series on Narcissism I am going to summarize what we learned in the prior episode and expand our understanding of the ego-ideal, how it can pathologically morph into a false self, and I’ll describe what a true self is. Everyone has a healthy version of an ego-ideal to orient our goals but when it is pathological it becomes The False self.
Intro 0:00
Summary 0:51
Emotional investment 1:22
Exploitation 1:49
The comparison wound 2:23
Learned-helplessness 4:14
The False Self 5:26
Winnicott 5:54
Heinz Kohut and Sam Vaknin 7:25
Covert Narcissism 7:53
Exploitation 8:33
Alexander Lowen 9:08
Emptiness 9:46
Attenuation of the self 10:43
The False Self as protection 11:14
Get back into the body 11:49
Summary 12:26
Outro 12:44
Part 3: Narcissistic Control
https://youtu.be/FU2QdxwVCuQ
Part 4: Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
https://youtu.be/a5rk8PrA1sY
Playing and reality – D.W. Winnicott: https://amzn.to/2HLSo43
Winnicott, D. W. (2016). Ego Distortion in Terms of True and False Self. Oxford Clinical Psychology. doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780190271381.003.0023
Narcissism: Denial of the True Self by Alexander Lowen: https://amzn.to/39q8Cew
The Analysis of the Self by Heinz Kohut: Kindle: https://amzn.to/2J9HshD Paperback: https://amzn.to/2JptlnM
Malignant Self-Love: Narcissism Revisited by Sam Vaknin: Kindle: https://amzn.to/3fJGZOO Paperback: https://amzn.to/33qaOPn
Learned Helplessness
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learned_helplessness
Credits:
Deszcz - music by Maciej Żołnowski
https://musopen.org/music/4141/maciej-zonowski/deszcz/
Rage mixed with Fear By Tom Ordelman (User:Thor_NL) - Own reproduction, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=898174
Vampire - By Edvard Munch - Google Art Project: pic, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37643012
Workers on their Way Home - By Edvard Munch - Google Art Project: pic, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=37665752
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhMNMSP_99Q
Blog: https://psychreviews.org/the-eightfold-path-right-concentration/
If we got lost on the path, the best way to get back on is to tend to causes and conditions and see what was forgotten. It all leads up to Right Concentration. You gain pleasure up the Jhanic arc, and develop rapture (Jhana 1), bliss (Jhana 2), satisfaction (Jhana 3), and equanimity (Jhana 4). These aren't spaced out states, sleep states, they're not a grind, but instead they are bright aware Flow states that are quite happy and peaceful.
Pictures from Pexels and Wikipedia. Music from Mynoise.net
Photo: Review my retreat - Gaia House: https://www.reviewmyretreat.com/listing/gaia-house/gallery/
Resources:
Jhanas: https://youtu.be/8HmTQ-IbQnE
Emotional Feeding - Thanissaro Bhikkhu: https://youtu.be/EDgyAPyTM-0
MN 117: https://www.dhammatalks.org/suttas/MN/MN117.html
Developing Samatha/Concentration - Rob Burbea: https://dharmaseed.org/teacher/210/talk/12309/
Five Jhana Factors - Insight Meditation South Bay: https://www.imsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/FiveJhanaFactors.pdf
Focused and Fearless - Shaila Catherine: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780861715602/
A Mind Without Craving - Delson Armstrong: isbns.net/isbn/9780984049752/
Nirodha Samapatti - Daniel Ingram: https://vimeo.com/248566139
Ñana and Jhana Mind Map - Daniel Ingram: https://vimeo.com/69475208
Mastering the Core Teachings of the Buddha - Daniel Ingram: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9781911597100/
The Fetters That Fall Away at Stream Entry - Ayya Santussika: https://www.dharmaseed.org/talks/67117/
Stream Entry - Rob Burbea: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jYqNGiiX2cmOppb0_ZESpraGgbsoP5ir/view?usp=sharing
Reflections from Narayan Liebenson: https://gaiahouse.co.uk/in-memory-nl/
Right Concentration - Thanissaro Bhikkhu: https://www.dhammatalks.org/books/FactorsforAwakening/Section0009.html
Paths to Liberation - Robert E. Buswell, Robert M. Gimello: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9780824814175/
The Buddha's Noble Eightfold Path - Sangharakshita: https://www.isbns.net/isbn/9781899579815/
Maha Cattarisaka Sutta: https://www.dhammatalks.org/suttas/MN/MN117.html
Samadhi Sutta: https://www.dhammatalks.org/suttas/AN/AN4_41.html
...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F7gTElmzmjs