We put triboluminescent, or "Smash Glow" Crystals in a blender.
Triboluminescence is the effect of light being emitted when something is broken, smashed, or otherwise broken. The substance in this video is a particular type of chemical called triphenylphosphinebis(pyridine)thiocyanato copper(I)
In a previous video i showed how to make green glow in the dark powder.
Old video here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYDn06G2C0E
simply replacing the original strontium nitrate with 590mg of ultrapure calcium nitrate tetrahydrate will make a blue glow in the dark powder.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZ7-7HOwBV8
In this video we turn copper pennies into silver and finally to gold.
Obviously it's a chemistry trick but still impressive.
First we get 30g of zinc sulfate and dissolve it into 100mL of water.
Zinc sulfate was made back in our video on making a copper sulfate and
zinc battery: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Id3tL2iI0Vw
If you don't have zinc sulfate or can't make it, you can also use zinc chloride. This can be made by simply mixing hydrochloric acid with zinc metal and waiting until the fizzing stops.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_g_ml8tAnWE
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In this video we show how to make sodium cyanide.
First, 100 g of sodium hydroxide is mixed with 43g of cyanuric acid and 12g of carbon. This is heated to 600 Celsius with occasional stirring for at least an hour. If the bubbling goes out of control, turn down the temperature and let it come back under control before raising it again.
After the mixture is cooled, it is broken up and dissolved in methanol. After all the large chunks are converted to a powder, 100g of sodium bicarbonate is added to convert the excess sodium hydroxide into sodium carbonate. The solution is allowed to stir for 30 minutes and then filtered.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xz7i11XC9wk
In this video we make triboluminescent or smash-glow crystals.
Triboluminescence is the phenomena where light is generated when something is rubbed or fractured. The exact mechanism by which triboluminescence works is still under investigation, but the best theories so far propose that the breaking of the structure causes charge separation that release energy upon recombination. This energy is picked up by nearby atoms, in this case europium, and released as light according to their ionization or fluorescence spectra.
Many substances exhibit triboluminescence including sugar and tape. But Europium Tetrakis (Dibenzoylmethide)Triethylammonium is one of the strongest available and its glow can easily be captured by a camera.
It's made by mixing 100mL of Ethanol, 2.93g of dibenzoylmethane, 1.4g of europium nitrate pentahydrate and 1.9mL of triethylamine. The mixture is heated until everything dissolves and then allowed to cool slowly to obtain crystals that are filtered off and washed with ethanol. After thorough drying they are ready for use.
A frequently asked question is if this stuff is hot when it is used. The answer is no, the crystals do not undergo a chemical transformation and thus they do not release or consume heat, but remain at constant temperature. There may be some small heating due to friction when they are broken, but that is not from the crystals or a special property of triboluminescence.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQhLSoB-uBE
In this video we get Guanidine Carbonate and Hydrochloride from no-lye hair relaxants
Related videos:
Aspirator vacuum pump: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYLlkTDstmo
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Through Bitcoin: 1NurdRAge7PNR4ULrbrpcYvc9RC4LDp9pS
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmWTF3lBDEI
How to make Manganese Dioxide Electrodes that can be used for chlorate cells or HHO cells and a few other electrochemical processes requiring inert anodes in oxidizing solutions.
Make the electrode is fairly simple. First a titanium strip is sanded to give a clean surface and then etched with hydrochloric acid to activate it. Cobalt nitrate solution is applied in a thin layer and then heated to 300 Celsius to decompose (pyrolyze) the cobalt nitrate into cobalt oxide. the loosely adhering cobalt oxide is washed off and then new layers of cobalt oxide are applied. Usually between 3 to 10 layers.
Then manganese nitrate is applied and the process repeated to make manganese dioxide. Another 10 to 50 layers may be applied.
Optionally, a further layer of manganese nitrate by electrolysis may be applied by using the electrode as an anode in a solution of 90 grams manganese sulfate, 500mL water and 12mL concentrated sulfuric acid. Copper or titanium is used as the cathode and a current density of about 10ma per square centimeter is used. A short run time of a few minutes or so puts a thin layer of manganese dioxide on the surface that seems to reduce permanganate production, but does not eliminate it.
In the future i'll be working on a lead dioxide electrode.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjKYiu8eKa8
In this video we briefly discuss ways of measuring pH using pH paper and a meter.
We go further in this part to compensate for the non-idealities in a pH electrode.
Omega engineering sells a variety of pH meters and related equipment and will also sell to individuals: http://www.omega.com
The Canadian site: http://www.omega.ca
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJ1ynxWEM6M
In this video we're going to make potassium rhodizonate, a chemical for testing the presence of lead.
Warning: This synthesis produces toxic nitrogen dioxide gases and handles corrosive acids. This should be performed in a fume hood with gloves.
First get 10 grams of inositol and add 25 mL of concentrated nitric acid. With a condenser, reflux the mixture for three hours. Eventually gas production will cease and the mixture should be allowed to cool. Add enough cold water to make the total volume 100 mL. Add an additional 50 mL of glacial (100%) acetic acid. Place the mixture on an ice bath and stir.
With continuous stirring, add in 40 g of potassium hydroxide in small portions. Be careful as it will produce a lot of heat and may bubble over. Allow time between each addition to allow the mixture to cool and settle down before adding the next portion.
Once all of the potassium hydroxide is added and the mixture is cool. Take it off the ice bath and continue stirring it overnight.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLmycZ2nrt0