Author: David B. MacDonald File Type: pdf This ground-breaking volume considers the ethical aspects of foreign policy change through five interrelated dimensions conceptual, security, economic, normative and diplomatic. Defining ethics and what an ethical foreign policy should be is highly contested. The book includes many very different viewpoints to reflect the strong divergence of opinion on such issues as humanitarian intervention, free trade, the doctrine of preemption, political corruption and human rights. The thematic approach provides this volume with a clear organizational structure, giving readers a balanced overview of a number of important conceptual and practical issues central to the ethical analysis of states conduct and foreign policy making. An impressive group of international scholars and practitioners, including a New Zealand Foreign Minister, a US National Security Advisor, and an ICJ Justice, makes this volume ideally suited to courses on international relations, security studies, ethics and human rights, philosophy, media studies and international law.**
Author: F. David Roberts
File Type: pdf
In 1830, the dominant social outlook of the early Victorians was a paternalism that looked to property, the Church, and local Justices of the Peace to govern society and deal with its ills. By 1860, however, the dominant social outlook had become a vision of a laissez faire society that relied on economic laws, self-reliance, and the vigorous philanthropy of voluntary societies. This book describes and analyzes these changes, which arose from the rapid growth of industry, towns, population, and the middle and working classes. Paternalism did not entirely fade away, however, just as a laissez faire vision had long antedated 1830. Both were part of a social conscience also defined by a revived philanthropy, a new humanitarianism, and a grudging acceptance of an expanded government, all of which reflected a strong revival of religion as well as the growth of rationalism. The new dominance of a laissez faire vision was dramatically evident in the triumph of political economy. By 1860, only a few doubted the eternal verities of the economists voluminous writings. Few also doubted the verities of those who preached self-reliance, who supported the New Poor Laws severity to persons who were not self-reliant, and who inspired education measures to promote that indispensable virtue. If economic laws and self-reliance failed to prevent distress, the philanthropists and voluntary societies would step in. Such a vision proved far more buoyant and effective than a paternalism whose narrow and rural Anglican base made it unable to cope with the downside of an industrial-urban Britain. But the vision of a laissez faire society was not without its flaws. Its harmonious economic laws and its hope in self-reliance did not prevent gross exploitation and acute distress, and however beneficent were its philanthropists, they fell far short of mitigating these evils. This vision also found a rival in an expanded government. Two powerful ideasthe idea of a paternal government and the idea of a utilitarian statehelped create the expansion of government services. A reluctant belief in governmental power thus joined the many other ideas that defined the Victorians social conscience.
Author: Mark Neocleous
File Type: pdf
What is the political function of monstrosity? What is the nature of our political relationship with the dead? Why are the undead so threatening? In The Monstrous and the Dead, Mark Neocleous explores such questions as they run through three major political traditions conservatism, Marxism and fascism. One of the things uniting these otherwise opposing traditions is that they share a common interest in the dead. This is therefore a book about the politics of remembrance, showing that how and why the dead register in our political lives constitutes a major dividing line for the political traditions in question are the dead to be reconciled with the living in a conservative fashion, resurrected for the cause of fascism or are their hopes and struggles to be redeemed for a communist future? Exploring these issues reveals that, as well as leaving traces in memories, dreams and unfulfilled wishes, the dead also generate fears, most notably the fear that they are not really dead they are undead and thus monstrous. The book therefore simultaneously considers the function of monstrosity as a rhetorical political device in Burkes response to the monstrous revolution, Marxs use of the vampire and fascisms concept of the Marxist-liberal-Jewish menace. The outcome is an original reading of key thinkers and movements in western politics, a provocative account of the role of political metaphor and an eclectic argument concerning the place of the dead in historical struggles. **
Author: Maria Michela Sassi
File Type: pdf
A celebrated study of the origins of ancient Greek philosophy, now in English for the first time How can we talk about the beginnings of philosophy today? How can we avoid the conventional opposition of mythology and the dawn of reason and instead explore the multiple styles of thought that emerged between them? In this acclaimed book, available in English for the first time, Maria Michela Sassi reconstructs the intellectual world of the early Greek Presocratics to provide a richer understanding of the roots of what used to be called the Greek miracle. The beginnings of the long process leading to philosophy were characterized by intellectual diversity and geographic polycentrism. In the sixth and fifth centuries BC, between the Asian shores of Ionia and the Greek city-states of southern Italy, thinkers started to reflect on the cosmic order, elaborate doctrines on the soul, write in solemn Homeric meter, or, later, abandon poetry for an assertive prose. And yet the Presocratics whether the Milesian natural thinkers, the rhapsode Xenophanes, the mathematician and shaman Pythagoras, the naturalist and seer Empedocles, the oracular Heraclitus, or the inspired Parmenides all shared an approach to critical thinking that, by questioning traditional viewpoints, revolutionized knowledge. A unique study that explores the full range of early Greek thinkers in the context of their worlds, the book also features a new introduction to the English edition in which the author discusses the latest scholarship on the subject. **
Author: Samir Amin
File Type: epub
A collection of Samir Amins ten most influential essays of the 21st centuryRadical political economist Samir Amin left behind a cherished oeuvre of Marxist writings. Amins intellectual rangefrom economics to culturewas admirable, and his lessons remain essential. Monthly Review Press is honored to publish this volume, culled from the Monthly Review magazine, of ten of Samir Amins most significant essays written in the twenty-first century. The collection is introduced by Amins friend and comrade, the Marxist philosopher Aijaz Ahmad, who provides a comprehensive survey of Amins life and path-breaking work. Ahmad also offers a contextual focus by which to read such stunningly astute pieces as Revolution or Decadence? and Contemporary Imperialism. Only People Make Their Own History is a loving and enlightening look at what the work of Samir Amin has meantand will mean to millions of people the world over. **About the Author bSamir Aminb is Director Samir Amin is Director of the Third World Forum in Dakar, Senegal and President of the World Forum for of the Third World Forum in Dakar, Senegal and President of the World Forum for Alternatives. His numerous works include Eurocentrism Second Edition, The World We Wish to See, The Liberal Virus, Unequal Development, and Spectres of Capitalism.
Author: Howard S. Becker
File Type: mobi
Howard S. Becker is a master of his discipline. His reputation as a teacher, as well as a sociologist, is supported by his best-selling quartet of sociological guidebooks Writing for Social Scientists, Tricks of the Trade, Telling About Society, and What About Mozart? What About Murder? It turns out that the master sociologist has yet one more trick up his sleevea fifth guidebook, Evidence. Becker has for seventy years been mulling over the problem of evidence. He argues that social scientists dont take questions about the usefulness of their data as evidence for their ideas seriously enough. For example, researchers have long used the occupation of a persons father as evidence of the familys social class, but studies have shown this to be a flawed measurefor one thing, a lot of people answer that question too vaguely to make the reasoning plausible. The book is filled with examples like this, and Becker uses them to expose a series of errors, suggesting ways to avoid them, or even to turn them into research topics in their own right. He argues strongly that because no data-gathering method produces totally reliable information, a big part of the research job consists of getting rid of error. Readers will find Beckers newest guidebook a valuable tool, useful for social scientists of every variety.
Author: Lisa Surwillo
File Type: pdf
Transatlantic studies have begun to explore the lasting influence of Spain on its former colonies and the surviving ties between the American nations and Spain. In Monsters by Trade, Lisa Surwillo takes a different approach, explaining how modern Spain was literally made by its Cuban colony. Long after the transatlantic slave trade had been abolished, Spain continued to smuggle thousands of Africans annually to Cuba to work the sugar plantations. Nearly a third of the royal income came from Cuban sugar, and these profits underwrote Spains modernization even as they damaged its international standing. Surwillo analyzes a sampling of nineteenth-century Spanish literary works that reflected metropolitan fears of the hold that slave traders (and the slave economy more generally) had over the political, cultural, and financial networks of power. She also examines how the nineteenth-century empire and the role of the slave trader are commemorated in contemporary tourism and literature in various regions in Northern Spain. This is the first book to demonstrate the centrality of not just Cuba, but the illicit transatlantic slave trade to the cultural life of modern Spain. **
Author: Aaron Baker
File Type: pdf
A Companion to Martin Scorsese is a comprehensive collection of original essays assessing the career of one of Americas most prominent contemporary filmmakers. ul lContains contributions from prominent scholars in North America and Europe that use a variety of analytic approachesl lOffers fresh interpretations of some of Scorseses most influential films, including Mean Streets, Taxi Driver, Raging Bull, Goodfellas, Gangs of New York, and Hugol lConsiders Scorseses place within the history of American and world cinema his work in relation to auteur theory the use of popular music and various themes such as violence, ethnicity, religion, sexuality, gender, and race in his films, and morel ul **
Author: Nathan Abrams
File Type: pdf
Stanley Kubrick is generally acknowledged as one of the worlds great directors. Yet few critics or scholars have considered how he emerged from a unique and vibrant cultural milieu the New York Jewish intelligentsia. Stanley Kubrick reexamines the directors work in context of his ethnic and cultural origins. Focusing on several of Kubricks key themesincluding masculinity, ethical responsibility, and the nature of evilit demonstrates how his films were in conversation with contemporary New York Jewish intellectuals who grappled with the same concerns. At the same time, it explores Kubricks fraught relationship with his Jewish identity and his reluctance to be pegged as an ethnic director, manifest in his removal of Jewish references and characters from stories he adapted. As he digs deep into rare Kubrick archives to reveal insights about the directors life and times, film scholar Nathan Abrams also provides a nuanced account of Kubricks cinematic artistry.Each chapter offers a detailed analysis of one of Kubricks major films, including Lolita, Dr. Strangelove, 2001, A Clockwork Orange, Barry Lyndon, The Shining, Full Metal Jacket, and Eyes Wide Shut. Stanley Kubrick thus presents an illuminating look at one of the twentieth centurys most renowned and yet misunderstood directors.
Author: Arthur Freeman
File Type: pdf
John Payne Collier (17891883), one of the most controversial figures in the history of literary scholarship, pursued a double career. A prolific and highly influential writer on the drama, poetry, and popular prose of Shakespeares age, Collier was at the same time the promulgator of a great body of forgeries and false evidence, seriously affecting the text and biography of Shakespeare and many others. This monumental two-volume work for the first time addresses the whole of Colliers activity, systematically sorting out his genuine achievements from his impostures. Arthur and Janet Freeman reassess the scholar-forgers long life, milieu, and relations with a large circle of associates and rivals while presenting a chronological bibliography of his extensive publications, all fully annotated with regard to their creditability. The authors also survey the broader history of literary forgery in Great Britain and consider why so talented a man not only yielded to its temptations but also persisted in it throughout his life. Arthur Freeman and Janet Ing Freeman are widely published independent scholars living in London. John Payne Collier (17891883), one of the most controversial figures in the history of literary scholarship, pursued a double career. A prolific and highly influential writer on the drama, poetry, and popular prose of Shakespeares age, Collier was at the same time the promulgator of a great body of forgeries and false evidence, seriously affecting the text and biography of Shakespeare and many others. This monumental two-volume work for the first time addresses the whole of Colliers activity, systematically sorting out his genuine achievements from his impostures. Arthur and Janet Freeman reassess the scholar-forgers long life, milieu, and relations with a large circle of associates and rivals while presenting a chronological bibliography of his extensive publications, all fully annotated with regard to their creditability. The authors also survey the broader history of literary forgery in Great Britain and consider why so talented a man not only yielded to its temptations but also persisted in it throughout his life. Arthur Freeman and Janet Ing Freeman are widely published independent scholars living in London.