Author: Alexander Mooi File Type: pdf A more engaging and visionary role for architects is emerging, altering focus from a technological advisor to a more sociological engineer or entrepreneur. By researching a selection of current architectural practices an attempt is made to describe this evolution of the architects role and to assess if this is truly a new development or even a paradigm shift. Based upon on an analysis of texts by scholars and written conversations with architects on the subject of sustainable architecture, resilient architecture, agency in architecture and reactivist architecture, supplemented with additional statements by architects on the matter of architectural practice, an evolution of this role made clear and put into perspective. The aim of this review therefore is to distil some kind consensus within architectural practice of how the architects role is to evolve in the foreseeable future. It appears that reactivist architecture as a descriptive set of principles has absorbed elements of all of the above, becoming more than the sums of its parts and allowing for a new role for the architect to emerge.

Author: Allison Levy File Type: pdf Whereas recent studies of early modern widowhood by social, economic and cultural historians have called attention to the often ambiguous, yet also often empowering, experience and position of widows within society, Widowhood and Visual Culture in Early Modern Europe is the first book to consider the distinct and important relationship between ritual and representation. The fifteen new interdisciplinary essays assembled here read widowhood as a catalyst for the production of a significant body of visual material-representations of, for and by widows, whether through traditional media, such as painting, sculpture and architecture, or through the so-called minor arts, including popular print culture, medals, religious and secular furnishings and ornament, costume and gift objects, in early modern Austria, England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain. Arranged thematically, this unique collection allows the reader to recognize and appreciate the complexity and contradiction, iconicity and mutability, and timelessness and timeliness of widowhood and representation. **Review Prize Winner of the Society for the Study of Early Modern Women Award for a collaborative project published in 2003. These essays by promising young scholars open new angles of vision on the experiences and representations of widowhood in early modern culture. The collection is distinguished not only by its impressive chronological and geographical range it also shows how little-known images and neglected objects shaped the accumulated meanings surrounding widowhood and public memory. Equally sensitive to both the historical and visual contexts, this book reveals with stunning clarity how death and remembrance in early modern Europe were informed by gender and power relations. Sharon Strocchia, author of Death and Ritual in Renaissance Florence Through the exploration of an impressive range of forms of visual culture and mourning rituals this book draws attention to an unwritten chapter of the history of widowhood the key role that the widow was called to play in the preservation and construction of her husbands social memory. ... a must-read not just for historians of gender but for all those interested in developing their understanding of the multi-layered role of images in early modern society. Sandra Cavallo, Reader in Early Modern History at Royal Holloway, University of London Collectively, the essays illuminate the important contributions widows made to the production of visual materials and to the shaping of identity and memory. The volume is a useful addition to gender studies and the growing literature on the complex role of images in early modern society. Choice The strength of this collection lies in its broad geographical and chronological scope and the interdisciplinary nature of its essays which reflect a diversity of critical approaches and examine widowhood and visual culture from multiple perspectives. Marilyn Dunn, Renaissance Quarterly About the Author Allison Levy Allison Levy, Catherine Lawless, J. S. W. Helt, Marina Arnold, Joyce de Vries, Elizabeth McCartney, Michael E. Yonan, Holly S. Hurlburt, Laura D. Gelfand, Sara French, Stephanie Fink De Backer, Cristelle L. Baskins, Amelia Carr.

Author: Patrick Major File Type: pdf Few historical changes occur literally overnight, but on August 13 1961 eighteen million East Germans awoke to find themselves walled in by an edifice which was to become synonymous with the Cold War the Berlin Wall. This new history rejects traditional, top-down approaches to Cold War politics, exploring instead how the border closure affected ordinary East Germans, from workers and farmers to teenagers and even party members, caught out by Sunday the Thirteenth. Party, police and Stasi reports reveal why one in six East Germans fled the country during the 1950s, undermining communist rule and forcing the eleventh-hour decision by Khrushchev and Ulbricht to build a wall along the Cold Wars frontline. Did East Germans resist or come to terms with immurement? Did the communist regime become more or less dictatorial within the confines of the so-called Antifascist Defense Rampart? Using film and literature, but also the GDRs losing battle against Beatlemania, Patrick Majors cross-disciplinary study suggests that popular culture both reinforced and undermined the closed society. Linking external and internal developments, Major argues that the GDRs official quest for international recognition, culminating in Ostpolitik and United Nations membership in the early 1970s, became its undoing, unleashing a human rights movement which fed into, but then broke with, the protests of 1989. After exploring the reasons for the fall of the Wall and reconstructing the heady days of the autumn revolution, the author reflects on the fate of the Wall after 1989, as it moved from demolition into the realm of memory. Few historical changes occur literally overnight, but on 13 August 1961 eighteen million East Germans awoke to find themselves walled in by an edifice which was to become synonymous with the Cold War the Berlin Wall. This new history rejects traditional, top-down approaches to Cold War politics, exploring instead how the border closure affected ordinary East Germans, from workers and farmers to teenagers and even party members, caught out by Sunday the Thirteenth. Party, police, and Stasi reports reveal why one in six East Germans fled the country during the 1950s, undermining communist rule and forcing the eleventh-hour decision by Khrushchev and Ulbricht to build a wall along the Cold Wars frontline. Did East Germans resist or come to terms with immurement? Did the communist regime become more or less dictatorial within the confines of the so-called Antifascist Defence Rampart? Using film and literature, but also the GDRs losing battle against Beatlemania, Patrick Majors cross-disciplinary study suggests that popular culture both reinforced and undermined the closed society. Linking external and internal developments, Major argues that the GDRs official quest for international recognition, culminating in Ostpolitik and United Nations membership in the early 1970s, became its undoing, unleashing a human rights movement which fed into, but then broke with, the protests of 1989. After exploring the reasons for the fall of the Wall and reconstructing the heady days of the autumn revolution, the author reflects on the fate of the Wall after 1989, as it moved from demolition into the realm of memory.

Author: Hulda Regehr Clark File Type: pdf This book describes the causes of both common and extraordinary diseases and gives specific instructions for their cure. The sick have been held hostage for their money or intangible assets since time immemorial. Doctors, even primitive and natural healers, surround themselves with mystery as they use herbs or chemicals and incantations or prognoses to help the sick recover. Today, the medical industry (doctors and their suppliers and insurers) take a significant amount of the workers earnings. Wouldnt it be nice if they could all go back to gardening or some other primitive and useful endeavour? Wouldnt it be wonderful if the sick could join them? The most promising discovery in this book is the effectiveness of electricity to kill viruses, bacteria and parasites. Does this mean you can cancel your appointment with your clinical doctor? No it does not. Killing your invaders does not make you well instantly. But happily, at your next doctor visits she or he will be removing drugs, not adding them. No diabetes, no high blood pressure, no cancer, no HIVAIDS, no migraines, no lupus and so on!