Digital Dictators: Media, Authoritarianism, and America’s New Challenge
Author: Ilan Berman File Type: pdf The 2016 elections in the United States exposed a massive campaign of subversion and interference carried out by Russia and aimed at undermining the inner workings of American democracy. But that disinformation offensive represents just one part of a larger challenge now confronting the United States - the weaponization of news and views, both real and fabricated, by repressive regimes and radical non-state actors in order to advance their strategic objectives. In this volume, leading scholars and experts chart the rise of this authoritarian media phenomenon and explore its implications for U.S. foreign policy and Americas standing in the world.About the Author Ilan Berman is Senior Vice President of the American Foreign Policy Council in Washington, DC. An expert on regional security in the Middle East, Central Asia, and the Russian Federation, he has consulted for both the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency and the U.S. Department of Defense, and provided assistance on foreign policy and national security issues to a range of governmental agencies and congressional offices. Mr.Berman is also a member of the Associated Faculty at Missouri State Universitys Department of Defense and Strategic Studies. He holds a M.A. in International Politics from the American University in Washington, DC, and a Juris Doctorate from the Washington College of Law.
Author: Christopher Caudwell
File Type: epub
Considered by many to be the most innovative British Marxist writer of the twentieth century, Christopher Caudwell was killed in the Spanish Civil War at the age of 29. Although already a published writer of aeronautic texts and crime fiction, he was practically unknown to the public until reviews appeared of Illusion and Reality A Study of the Sources of Poetry, which was published just after his death. A strikingly original study of poetrys role, it explained in clear language how the organizing of emotion in society plays a part in social change and development. Caudwell had a powerful interest in how things worked aeronautics, physics, human psychology, language, and society. In the anti-fascist struggles of the 1930s he saw that capitalism was a system that could not work properly and distorted the thinking of the age. Self-educated from the age of 15, he wrote with a directness that is alien to most cultural theory. Culture as Politics introduces Caudwells work through his most accessible and relevant writing. Material will be drawn from Illusion and Reality, Studies in a Dying Culture and his essay, Heredity and Development. *Review Christopher Caudwell was a brief and breathtakingly brilliant presence in the world ... I commend Pluto for publishing these new editions and bringing Caudwell to the attention of new audiences -- Marx & Philosophy Review of Books A revealing set of texts by the most important British Marxist cultural critic before World War II, meticulously and lovingly edited by the greatest contemporary expert in the field. Indispensable -- Edith Hall, Professor of Classics, Kings College University of London The selection of writings presented here does justice to the richness of Caudwells thought, and will introduce a whole new generation of readers to this remarkable thinker -- Anindya Raychaudhuri, School of English, University of St Andrews It is not difficult to see Caudwell as a phenomenon - as an extraordinary shooting-star crossing Englands empirical night -- E. P. Thompson About the Author Christopher Caudwell (1907-1937) was the pen name of Christopher St. John Sprigg, a British Marxist poet, writer, and thinker. He joined the Communist Party in 1935, and soon became a dedicated grassroots activist, continuing his writing, even though none of his Marxist works were printed during his lifetime. In 1936, he left for Spain to join the International Brigades in the anti-fascist struggle against Franco. He was killed in the valley of Jarama, February 12th 1937, during his first day of battle.
Author: Ariana Destro
File Type: epub
What was there in Jesus person, behavior, and words that prompted not only much enthusiasm but also much hostility? This compelling portrait of the man Jesus of Nazareth by two pioneers of the anthropological study of early Christianity answers this vital question. They bring the fruit of years of scholarship to bear on a radical figure in Roman Galilee and on his encounters with others and the movement those encounters inspired. They give close attention to the everyday realities that shaped those encounters the facts of travel, common meals, domestic space, and the interactions of bodies. The result is a refreshing new look at the man who proved so significant - and so controversial - in Western culture.
Author: Reviel Netz
File Type: pdf
This book provides a way to understand a momentous development in human intellectual history the phenomenon of deductive argument in classical Greek mathematics. The argument rests on a close description of the practices of Greek mathematics, principally the use of lettered diagrams and the regulated, formulaic use of language.ReviewReviel Netz has written a stimulating book about diagrams and mathematics, telling us facts that we all know, but hardly ever thought of. MAA Online...a novel work...Greek intellectual culture will be of interest to many classicists...Netz has made an important contribution to intellectual history and has asked a diverse set of questions whose answers, while difficult, will broaden our understanding of the development of deductive practices. Daryn Lehoux, University of TorontoNetzs book has made this reviewer look at Greek mathematics with new eyes, and it will certainly provoke further thought and discussion. Netz is to be thanked for a stimulating contribution to an important topic. IsisIts a first-contribution to intellectual history... also an enjoyable book....The Shaping of Deduction in Greek Mathematics will be of interest, not just to historians of mathematics, but to mathematicians and philosophers seeking to understand the aims and achievements of mathematics today. Philosophia Mathematica Book DescriptionThis book provides a way into understanding a momentous development in human intellectual history the phenomenon of deductive argument in classical Greek mathematics. The argument rests upon a close description of the practices of Greek mathematics, principally the use of lettered diagrams and the regulated, formulaic use of language.
Author: Brett Ommen
File Type: pdf
In The Politics of the Superficial Visual Rhetoric and the Protocol of Display, Brett Ommen explores the increasing reliance on images as a mode of communication in contemporary life. He shows that graphic design is a layered experience of images and space. Before images, viewers engage in the personal experience of aesthetics and individual identity. In space, viewers engage in the negotiation of meaning and collective belonging. Graphic design, then, fits the consumerist present precisely because it prompts viewers to differentiate between our collective commitments and individual sense of self. Ommen argues, for example, that on viewing a billboard, a driver isnt merely being exposed to a set of commercial messages or exhortations, but rather responding in a self-aware way that differentiates her from her collective associations like Democrat, Republican, rich, poor, Catholic, or Jewish. By examining graphic designas a profession, practice, and academic fieldas the nexus for understanding visual display in public culture, The Politics of the Superficial develops two arguments about contemporary visual communication practices first, that the study of visual communication privileges visual content at the expense of other dynamics, such as context and second, that interpretations focusing on content conceal the most persuasive and subversive dimensions of the visual. Wide-ranging and stimulating, The Politics of the Superficial ultimately posits that, far from serving as a communal oasis for public imagination, contemporary visual culture offers the possibility for politically engaged communication and persuasion while simultaneously threatening the health of public discourse by atomizing its constituent parts. It will serve as a vital contribution to the field of visual rhetoric. **Review The book is tightly argued and well written. I felt engaged as though in a dialectic with it I would mentally pose objections only to have the author address them nearly immediately in subsequent arguments. This is a fine book. Lawrence Prelli,author of A Rhetoric of Science Inventing Scientific Discourse and editor of Rhetorics of Display This is an engaged and engaging work. It speaks in provocative and important ways to many of the key concerns of theorists of design and especially rhetoricalcultural theorists.John Louis Lucaites, coauthor of No Caption Needed Iconic Photographs, Public Culture, and Liberal Democracy About the Author Brett Ommen is an independent scholar and writer.
Author: Shawna Ross
File Type: pdf
This book uses the discipline-specific, computational methods of the digital humanities to explore a constellation of rigorous case studies of modernist literature.From data mining and visualization to mapping and tool building and beyond, the digital humanities offer new ways for scholars to questions of literature and culture. With the publication of a variety of volumes that define and debate the digital humanities, we now have the opportunity to focus attention on specific periods and movements in literary history. Each of the case studies in this book emphasizes literary interpretation and engages with histories of textuality and new media, rather than dwelling on technical minutiae. Reading Modernism with Machines thereby intervenes critically in ongoing debates within modernist studies, while also exploring exciting new directions for the digital humanitiesultimately reflecting on the conjunctions and disjunctions between the technological cultures of the modernist era and our own digital present. **
Author: Sarah Moss
File Type: pdf
Chocolate layer cake. Fudge brownies. Chocolate chip cookies. Boxes of chocolate truffles. Cups of cocoa. Hot fudge sundaes. Chocolate is synonymous with our cultural sweet tooth, our restaurant dessert menus, and our idea of indulgence. Chocolate is adored around the world and has been since the Spanish first encountered cocoa beans in South America in the sixteenth century. It is seen as magical, addictive, and powerful beyond anything that can be explained by its ingredients, and in Chocolate Sarah Moss and Alec Badenoch explore the origins and growth of this almost universal obsession. Moss and Badenoch recount the history of chocolate, which from ancient times has been associated with sexuality, sin, blood, and sacrifice. The first Spanish accounts claim that the Aztecs and Mayans used chocolate as a substitute for blood in sacrificial rituals and as a currency to replace gold. In the eighteenth century chocolate became regarded as an aphrodisiacthe first step on the road to todays boxes of Valentine delights. Chocolate also looks at todays mass-production of chocolate, with brands such as Hersheys, Lindt, and Cadbury dominating our supermarket shelves. Packed with tempting images and decadent descriptions of chocolate throughout the ages, Chocolate will be as irresistible as the tasty treats it describes.
Author: Don J. Wyatt
File Type: pdf
Premodern Chinese described a great variety of the peoples they encountered as black. The earliest and most frequent of these encounters were with their Southeast Asian neighbors, specifically the Malayans. But by the midimperial times of the seventh through seventeenth centuries C.E., exposure to peoples from Africa, chiefly slaves arriving from the area of modern Somalia, Kenya, and Tanzania, gradually displaced the original Asian blacks in Chinese consciousness. In The Blacks of Premodern China, Don J. Wyatt presents the previously unexamined story of the earliest Chinese encounters with this succession of peoples they have historically regarded as black. A series of maritime expeditions along the East African coastline during the early fifteenth century is by far the best known and most documented episode in the story of Chinas premodern interaction with African blacks. Just as their Western contemporaries had, the Chinese aboard the ships that made landfall in Africa encountered peoples whom they frequently classified as savages. Yet their perceptions of the blacks they met there differed markedly from those of earlier observers at home in that there was little choice but to regard the peoples encountered as free. The premodern saga of dealings between Chinese and blacks concludes with the arrival in China of Portuguese and Spanish traders and Italian clerics with their black slaves in tow. In Chinese writings of the time, the presence of the slaves of the Europeans becomes known only through sketchy mentions of black bondservants. Nevertheless, Wyatt argues that the story of these late premodern blacks, laboring anonymously in China under their European masters, is but a more familiar extension of the previously untold story of their ancestors who toiled in Chinese servitude perhaps in excess of a millennium earlier. **
Author: Richard Evans
File Type: mobi
In ruling against the controversial historian David Irving, whose libel suit against the American historian Deborah Lipstadt was tried in April 2000, the High Court in London labeled Irving a falsifier of history. No objective historian, declared the judge, would manipulate the documentary record in the way that Irving did. Richard J. Evans, a Cambridge historian and the chief adviser for the defense, uses this famous trial as a lens for exploring a range of difficult questions about the nature of the historians enterprise.
Author: J. W. Burrow
File Type: epub
This elegant and skilful book explores the history of ideas in Europe from the revolutions of 1848 to the beginning of the First World War. Broader than a straight survey, deeper and richer than a textbook, the work seeks to place the reader in the position of an informed eavesdropper on the intellectual conversations of the past. After an introductory chapter which introduces the mental world of the mid-nineteenth century, Burrow explores the impact of science and social thought on European intellectual life, considering ideas in physics, through social evolution and Social Darwinism, to anxieties about modernity and personal identity. His discussion also takes in powerful and fashionable concepts in evolution, art, myth, the occult and the unconscious mind, considers the rise of the great cities of Berlin, Paris and London, and the work of literary writers, philosophers and composers. The text is populated by most of the great and many of the lesser known intellectual figures of the age, from Mill, Bakunin, Nietzsche, Bergson and Renan to Pater, Proust, Clough, Flaubert, Wagner and Wilde. A work of rare distinction and considerable erudition, the book is written in a graceful, entertaining style, which will ensure its accessibility to the widest range of scholars, students and general readers.**