Author: John Lardas Modern File Type: pdf Secularism in Antebellum America with Reference to Ghosts, Protestant Subcultures, Machines, and their Metaphors Featuring Discussions of Mass Media, Moby-Dick, Spirituality, Phrenology, Anthropology, Sing Sing State Penitentiary, and Sex with the New Motive PowerGhosts. Railroads. Sing Sing. Sex machines. These are just a few of the phenomena that appear in John Lardas Moderns pioneering account of religion and society in nineteenth-century America. This book uncovers surprising connections between secular ideology and the rise of technologies that opened up new ways of being religious. Exploring the eruptions of religion in New Yorks penny presses, the budding fields of anthropology and phrenology, andMoby-Dick, Modern challenges the strict separation between the religious and the secular that remains integral to discussions about religion today. Modern frames his study around the dread, wonder, paranoia, and manic confidence of being haunted, arguing that experiences and explanations of enchantment fueled secularisms emergence. The awareness of spectral energies coincided with attempts to tame the unruly fruits of secularismin the cultivation of a spiritual self among Unitarians, for instance, or in John Murray Spears erotic longings for a perpetual motion machine. Combining rigorous theoretical inquiry with beguiling historical arcana, Modern unsettles long-held views of religion and the methods of narrating its past. **Review A creative challenge to standard religious histories of the period. (Choice) Fascinating and complex. (Anthropology Review Database) A luminous study of the discursive terrain and affective engagements of secularism in the first half of the nineteenth century. . . . Moderns book expands critical methods for approaching style no less than it provides an enlightening and frankly engrossing articulation of the elusive but powerful force that is secularism in United States culture, past and present. (Common-place) The line between opaque and evocative is a fine one, and John Lardas Modern walks it with dark delight in these ruminations on modernity, circa 1851. (Church History) Modern thoroughly executes the thesis laid out in the books introduction, offering a refreshing treatise on historiography of American religion through textual analysis and theoretical employment. (Journal of American Culture) Modern proffers a trenchant argument about the myriad contours of religiosity and secularism in nineteenth-century America. He provides a metanarrative for understanding the multivalence of antebellum religion and how the practices of Protestant Christianity were framed and informed by secularism. He not only expands our understanding of antebellum Protestantism but also thoroughly interrogates the prevailing historiography to present a startling and cogent statement about secularism and modernity in Victorian America. This short review cannot do justice to his sagacity. The systematic labyrinth delineated in this book encompasses several lines of inquiry for others to haunt and be haunted by. (Journal of American History) Secularism in Antebellum Americais a rich, densely theoretical account of scenes of American religious life and a powerful critique of how much religious history is done. (American Literature) Modern combines ponderous research, fascinating vignettes, and depth of insight to create an argument that is equal parts exciting and challenging. His deft and critical handling of agency and consciousness offers a compelling model for history, religious or otherwise. Secularism in Antebellum America is thoughtfully crafted and subtly argued historians of antebellum religion would do well to attend to its complexity. (Journal of Church and State) Masterful. . . . [A] field-shifting book. (American Literature) Secularism in Antebellum Americais a capacious intellectual achievement by one of the most original thinkers in religious studies today. It is a model for boldly conceptual and historically compelling scholarship. Its engagement with the field of American religious history, though not always gentle or loving, is best seen as an immanent critique, waged by a scholar trained in the field and eager to move forward its most important conversations. (Reading Religion) Modern has done something very important in this smart, generous, and beautifully written book. He has shown why and how evangelicals, liberals, and spiritualists, perennial actors on the American religious stage, actors who are often viewed as competitors, even enemies, inhabit the same secular space, now and in the past, and share responsibility for the peculiar and powerful formation that is American religion and politics. We learn how they have together created the taken-for-granted immediacy of true religion out of Scottish common sense philosophy and faith in technology, systematicity, and progress, all through a bewildering amount of surveillance, self-culture, and media production. We both recognize and gasp at the strange but always energetic feats of our forbearers and the dangerous circularity of their never-ending networks and feedback loops. (Winnifred Sullivan, SUNY at Buffalo) Reading Secularism in Antebellum America brings pleasure on many levels, not least in the knowledge that in our age of sound bites, tweets, and branding there remain books this intellectually satisfying and meticulously made. Moderns commanding, often inspired analyses of penitentiary reform, the primitivist strain in American anthropology, and the beginnings of our preoccupation with spirituality are deft and elegantly rendered. This subtle, substantial, venturesome book raises the stakes for all of us who read and write about American religion. (Tracy Fessenden, Arizona State University) Secularism in Antebellum America transforms our understanding of evangelicalism in the nineteenth century through its meticulous documentation of ideas and lives as well as through its pointed critical commentary on the last thirty years of evangelical history. Imaginative and rewarding, this is an exemplary instance of interdisciplinary historical inquiry. A brilliant, groundbreaking book. (John Corrigan, Florida State University) About the Author John Lardas Modernis associate professor and chair of religious studies at Franklin and Marshall College. He is the author of The Bop Apocalypse The Religious Visions of Kerouac, Ginsberg, and Burroughs.

Author: Pierpaolo Barbieri File Type: pdf Pitting fascists and communists in a showdown for supremacy, the Spanish Civil War has long been seen as a grim dress rehearsal for World War II. Francisco Francos Nationalists prevailed with German and Italian military assistancea clear instance, it seemed, of like-minded regimes joining forces in the fight against global Bolshevism. In Hitlers Shadow Empire Pierpaolo Barbieri revises this standard account of Axis intervention in the Spanish Civil War, arguing that economic ambitionsnot ideologydrove Hitlers Iberian intervention. The Nazis hoped to establish an economic empire in Europe, and in Spain they tested the tactics intended for future subject territories. The Nazis provided Francos Nationalists with planes, armaments, and tanks, but behind this largesse was a Faustian bargain. Through weapons and material support, Germany gradually absorbed Spain into an informal empire, extending control over key Spanish resources in order to fuel its own burgeoning war industries. This plan was only possible and profitable because of Hitlers economic czar, Hjalmar Schacht, a wizard of international finance. His policies fostered the interwar German recovery and consolidated Hitlers dictatorship. Though Schachts economic strategy was eventually abandoned in favor of a very different conception of racial empire, Barbieri argues it was in many ways a more effective strategic option for the Third Reich. Deepening our understanding of the Spanish Civil War by placing it in the context of Nazi imperial ambitions, Hitlers Shadow Empire illuminates a fratricidal tragedy that still reverberates in Spanish life as well as the world war it heralded. **