Church and Society in Eighteenth Century France, Vol. 1: The Clerical Establishment and its Social Ramifications
Author: John McManners File Type: pdf This is the first of two volumes in McManners magisterial reconstruction of the complex hierarchical world of the Gallican Church destroyed by the French Revolution. It describes the diocesan and parochial structure of the Church, portraying the clergy and their lifestyle from the palaces of the aristocratic bishops to the humblest nunnery, and, in a multitude of portraits, analyzing their motivations and sense of vocation. In a detailed fresco he presents the religion of the people, whether centering in the parish church or in confaternities, and the observances of folk religion outside it.**
Author: Stephen Orgel
File Type: pdf
The Reader in the Book is concerned with a particular aspect of the history of the book, an archeology and sociology of the use of margins and other blank spaces. One of the most commonplace aspects of old books is the fact that people wrote in them, something that, until very recently, has infuriated modern collectors and librarians. But these inscriptions constitute a significant dimension of the books history, and what readers did to books often added to their value. Sometimes marks in books have no relation to the subject of the book, merely names, dates, prices paid blank spaces were used for pen trials and doing sums, and flyleaves are occasionally the repository of records of various kinds. The Reader in the Book deals with that special class of books in which the text and marginalia are in intense communication with each other, in which reading constitutes an active and sometimes adversarial engagement with the book. The major examples are works that are either classics or were classics in their own time but they are seen here as contemporaries read them, without the benefit of centuries of commentary and critical guidance. The underlying question is at what point marginalia, the legible incorporation of the work of reading into the text of the book, became a way of defacing it rather than of increasing its value-why did we want books to lose their history?
Author: Elizabeth Hope Chang
File Type: pdf
Nineteenth-century English nature was a place of experimentation, exoticism, and transgression, as site and emblem of the global exchanges of the British Empire. Popular attitudes toward the transplantation of exotic speciesbotanical and humanto Victorian greenhouses and cities found anxious expression in a number of fanciful genre texts, including mysteries, science fiction, and horror stories. Situated in a mid-Victorian moment of frenetic plant collecting from the far reaches of the British empire, Novel Cultivations recognizes plants as vital and sentient subjects that serve often more so than peopleas actors and narrative engines in the nineteenth-century novel. Conceptions of native and natural were decoupled by the revelation that nature was globally sourced, a disruption displayed in the plots of gardens as in those of novels. Elizabeth Chang examines here the agency asserted by plants with shrewd readings of a range of fictional works, from monstrous rhododendrons in Daphne du Mauriers Rebecca and Mexican prickly pears in Olive Schreiner s Story of an African Farm, to Algernon Blackwood s hair-raising The Man Whom the Trees Loved and other obscure ecogothic tales. This provocative contribution to ecocriticism shows plants as buttonholes between fiction and reality, registering changes of form and content in both realms.
Author: Joseph Gies
File Type: pdf
The authors allow medieval man and woman to speak for themselves through selections from past journals, songs, even account books.--TimeReviewThe Gieses succeed in making a remote and unfamiliar world accessible. -- Kirkus ReviewsAbout the AuthorFiances and Joseph Gies have been writing books about medieval history for thirty years. Together and separately, they are the authors of more than twenty books, including Life in a Medieval City, Life in a Medieval Castle, Life in a Medieval Village, The Knight in History, and Cathedral, Forge, and Waterwheel. They live near Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Author: Bonnie English
File Type: pdf
This new edition of a bestselling textbook is designed for students, scholars, and anyone interested in 20th century fashion history. Accessibly written and well illustrated, the book outlines the social and cultural history of fashion thematically, and contains a wide range of global case studies on key designers, styles, movements and events. The new edition has been revised and expanded there are new sections on eco-fashion, fashion and the museum, major changes in the fashion market in the 21st century (including the impact of new media and retailing networks), new technologies, fashion weeks, the rise of asian fashion centers and more. There are twice as many illustrations. In its second edition, A Cultural History of Fashion in the 20th and 21st Centuries is the ideal introductory text for all students of fashion.**
Author: Michael Stone
File Type: pdf
Were there groups in Ancient Judaism that cultivated esoteric knowledge and transmitted it secretly? With the discovery and burgeoning study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and particularly of the documents legislating the social structure of the Qumran group, the foremost paradigm for analysis of the groups social structure has become the sect. This is still dominant, having replacing the monastic paradigm used by some of the earliest scholars of the Scrolls. But after studying what has been written on secret societies more generally, Michael Stone has concluded that many known ancient Jewish groups-the Qumran covenanters, Josephuss and Philos Essenes, and Philos Therapeutae-should be viewed as societies at the heart of whose existence were esoteric knowledge and practice. Guarding and transmitting this esoteric knowledge and practice, Stone argues, provided the dynamic that motivated the social and conceptual structure of these groups. Analyzing them as secret societies, he says, enables us to see previously latent social structural dimensions, and provides many new enriching insights into the groups, including the Dead Sea covenanters. By examining historical and literary sources, Stone uncovers evidence for the existence of other secret groups in ancient Jewish society. This line of study leads Stone not only to consider the classical Jewish apocalypses as pseudo-esoteric, but also to discern in them the footsteps of hidden, truly esoteric traditions cultivated in the circles that produced the apocalypses. This discovery has significant implications, especially considering the enormous growth of study of the apocalyptic in the Judaism of the Second Temple period and in nascent Christianity over the last seventy years.
Author: Igor Krupnik
File Type: epub
This collection of 15 chronologically arranged papers is the first-ever definitive treatment of the intellectual historyof Eskimologyknown today as Inuit studiesthe field of anthropology preoccupied with the origins, history, and culture of the Inuit people. The authors trace the growth and change in scholarship on the Inuit (Eskimo) people from the 1850s to the 1980s via profiles of scientists who made major contributions to the field and via intellectual transitions (themes) that furthered such developments. It presents an engaging story of advancement in social research, including anthropology, archaeology, human geography, and linguistics, in the polar regions. Essays written by American, Canadian, Danish, French, and Russian contributors provide for particular trajectories of research and academic tradition in the Arctic for over 130 years. Most of the essays originated as papers presented at the 18th Inuit Studies Conference hosted by the Smithsonian Institution in October 2012. Yet the book is an organized and integrated narrative its binding theme is the diffusion of knowledge across disciplinary and national boundaries.A critical element to the story is the changing status of the Inuit people within each of the Arctic nations and the developments in national ideologies of governance, identity, and treatment of indigenous populations. This multifaceted work will resonate with a broad audience of social scientists, students of science history, humanities, and minority studies, and readers of all stripes interested in the Arctic and its peoples. **
Author: Jonathan Rosenbaum
File Type: pdf
Is the cinema, as writers from David Denby to Susan Sontag have claimed, really dead? Contrary to what we have been led to believe, films are better than everwe just cant see the good ones. Movie Wars cogently explains how movies are packaged, distributed, and promoted, and how, at every stage of the process, the potential moviegoer is treated with contempt. Using examples ranging from the New York Timess coverage of the Cannes film festival to the anticommercial practices of Orson Welles, Movie Wars details the workings of the powerful forces that are in the process of ruining our precious cinematic culture and heritage, and the counterforces that have begun to fight back.From Publishers WeeklyConsider what might happen if Roger Ebert couldnt find a single movie to recommend on one of his weekly shows, Rosenbaum asks provocatively in this freewheeling critique of the American movie industry. Arguing that American moviegoers are consistently denied the right to make up their own minds about what movies to see, and even how to think about them, he reveals the powerful influence market researchers, production studios, advertisers, film critics and publishing concerns (the media-industrial complex) have on how films are made, marketed, released and reviewed. Citing such diverse examples as George Lucass draconian exhibition contracts for The Phantom Menace (which bound theaters to a lengthy run regardless of audience size), distributors offers of free film junkets to bribe critics and the use of canned reviews and industry-sanctioned lists of the 100 Best American Films written by professional blurb writers, Rosenbaum drives home his point that there is far more commerce than art in American film. Occasionally, his arguments are overheated (the fact that film festivals are often popularity contests is no surprise), but for the most part they are well-supported and potent, and successfully address broader questions of consumer culture and capitalism. Rosenbaums journalistic style makes this animated treatise accessible to film buffs who want to know more about how movies get made, while his sound arguments make it a good bet for academic readers as well. (Nov.) 2000 Reed Business Information, Inc. ReviewEssential reading for anyone who cares about movies -- Martha P. Nochimson, Film Quarterly
Author: Jalal Al-Din Rumi
File Type: pdf
Rumis Masnavi is widely recognized as the greatest Sufi poem ever written, and has been called the Koran in Persian. The thirteenth-century Muslim mystic Rumi composed his work for the benefit of his disciples in the Sufi order named after him, better known as the whirling dervishes. In order to convey his message of divine love and unity he threaded together entertaining stories and penetrating homilies. Drawing from folk tales as well as sacred history, Rumis poem is often funny as well as spiritually profound. Jawid Mojaddedis sparkling new verse translation of Book One is consistent with the aims of the original work in presenting Rumis most mature mystical teachings in simple and attractive rhyming couplets.About the Series For over 100 years Oxford Worlds Classics has made available the broadest spectrum of literature from around the globe. Each affordable volume reflects Oxfords commitment to scholarship, providing the most accurate text plus a wealth of other valuable features, including expert introductions by leading authorities, voluminous notes to clarify the text, up-to-date bibliographies for further study, and much more.Review`Mojaddedis is the most faithful verse translation now available... the reader without Persian comes as close as possible to the original. PN Review (May -June 2006) About the AuthorJawid Mojaddedi, Assistant Professor of Religion, Rutgers University.