The Japanese invasion of Manchuria, was one of the pre-cursors to the start of WW2. Japan had modernized, and sought to expand its territorial might by any means necessary. For this, they aimed to their main rival in the area, China, and used their strength to tear the nation apart once again.
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Japanese territorial ambitions in China, had been a national directive dating back many centuries, but it wasn't until the late 19th century, that Japan managed to finally get a major foothold on the continent. The 1895 Sino-Japanese war, was a humiliating defeat for Qing China, as the no longer isolated, and now modernized Japanese forces, defeated the larger Qing armies, and managed to acquire a number of territories off of them. Including the island of Taiwan, and it shifted Korea into the Japanese sphere of influence. In 1904, The Russo-Japanese war broke out, which resulted in Japan making even more territorial gains and humiliating the Russians in the process. Korea was vassalized in 1905, and annexed as an imperial territory in 1910. Accomplishing a centuries long goal of the Japanese nation. Following WW1, islands in the Pacific that the Germans held, were granted to the nation as well, however, disagreement during the actual treaty process, and many of the arms/naval treaties years after. Put a strain on relations between the West and Japan. Japan had also attempted to assert heavy influence in the Russian far-east during the nations civil war/revolution, sending over 70,000 troops into the area surrounding Vladivostok, over five times what the Western allies had put forth in the region. This attempt was to get a puppet government, headed by White Russian forces, to serve Japanese interests and allow the island nation to use the resource rich region for their own gain. However, the White Russian movement fell apart in the early 20's, and political differences back at home as well as pressure from the western powers, prevent Japan from annexing the territory for itself. This alone, destroyed the unity that the government had during WW1, and the military government and civilian government would be locked in bitter competition for years after.
By 1930, the civilian government had largely lost its control over the military, who now
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E7OoAluM7uM
In this episode of Neutral Nations of WW2: We will be looking at Saudi Arabia, a small nation that had just managed to form the last few years before the outbreak.
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Saudi Arabia was an economic backwater until the eve of WWII. Their exports were mainly agricultural products and knives, but little else. They were shunned in the great oil explorations of the 20s because people understood Iraqi geology better than Saudi Arabia. It would be the Americans who took serious interest in exploring for oil in that neck of the woods, and they didn't strike any until 1938.
At first, the US government didn't realize the strategic significance of what would become Aramco. The US was self reliant in oil, and was able to keep England supplied with enough fuel to stay in the war. They also helped expand Soviet use of motor gasoline despite the decline in Russian refining capacity over the war. The tipping point came in early 1943 - which indicates why the refinery was hastily constructed.
Prior to the outbreak of World War II, Saudi Arabia was on good terms with the Axis powers, concluding an arms agreement with Nazi Germany on the eve of the war. The outbreak of the war and attendant shipping dangers had brought Saudi Arabian oil sales to a halt. In 1943 Franklin Roosevelt declared that the defense of Saudi Arabia was of vital interest to the United States, thus making the kingdom eligible for Lend-Lease assistance. kidtrjkpdtkptgftgf9349054890
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bn0_SQuua_U
The French occupation of the Ruhr is one of the events that steered the recently beaten German nation on towards the path of once again. The occupation is an event that isn't known in large style really, being one of the many footnotes in history during the interwar period. In this video, we will be looking at this important event.
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The Ruhr, just east of the Allied-occupied zones, was targeted due as it was Germany’s coal mining, and industrial center, producing nearly 40% of all German manufacturing at the time. This was done as a way to make sure that the payments made were now largely in goods (primarily coal) rather then straight currency, as the German mark had lost heavy amounts of value the preceding years. With the French and Belgian occupation, upwards of 70,000 people were removed from their homes, making room for the troops and in-bound French citizens to work in the factories, the currency was replaced by the Franc, military law was established and the border between the Ruhr and Germany was sealed.
The German government had trouble resolving this crisis, and encouraged a passive resistance against the occupying forces. It originated within the Ruhr’s organized, labor movement, before extending to public officials and the business community, although a few right-wing paramilitaries waged a more violent campaign that provoked French and Belgian reprisals. This, combined with civil unrest, grew into riots and coup attempts against the Weimar Republic, including the Beer Hall Putsch. In October of the same year, the Rhinesh Republic was proclaimed, with heavy French and Belgian support. Even with support, the Republic was so poorly coordinated and divided that it never reached much appeal, with desires ranging from independence to being annexed by the French.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNzD1p5C7TQ
This is a short series that will be covering battles that occur in the "Civil War Generals 2" series that is being uploaded to this channel. These are meant as a very quick summaries of the historical battles.
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With frustration settling in, Mcdowell settled to attack the Confederate left flank, while also harassing all along the line. Although this was at least a theoretically sound plan, it had a number of flaws: it was one that required synchronized execution of troop movements and attacks, skills that had not been developed in the green army and command. It relied on actions by Patterson that he had already failed to take and finally, McDowell had delayed long enough that Johnston's Valley force was able to board trains at Piedmont Station and rush to Manassas to reinforce Beauregard's men. With Beauregard's army reinforced on the 19th and 20th, he planted most of Jonhsons men in the vacinty of Blackburn's Ford, intending to strike towards Centerville, had both armies managed to do these moves Simultaneously, they would have turned each other's left flank.
At 2AM on the 21st, 20,000 men in three divisions marched from Centerville against the largely exposed Confederate left, arriving a little past 6AM at Bull Run creek. All that stood in the way of these divisions was 1,100 men under Col. Nathan Shank Evans, who were held in place at Stone Bridge. A signaler from headquarters alerted Evans to the divisions coming, and his men managed to move themselves to the top of Matthew Hill on the North-west of his original position to meet this attack. Fighting soon occurred, and while Evans managed to hold off the attack for some time, Col. William Tecusmeh Sherman and his command, found an un-protected ford and smashed into the right flank of Evans, forcing them to retreat.
A new line was formed on Henry Hill, With Brig. General Thomas J Jackson five regiments stationed on the Confederate left. This battle is where the famous name Stonewall Jackson first came to be, yelled out by Barnard Elliott Bee, although the exact quote is still up to debate. The 33rd Virginia under Jacksons command, managed
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lnLggBFxJs
During War-time all throughout history, you read accounts of soldiers bringing in or bringing with various animals, stray cats, dogs, pigeons or what have you. It's a way to boost morale, and bring a little bit of joy to an event that seldomly brings anything but misery. Some division pets became rather well known. But, the Polish 2nd corp went well beyond what most others did. Oh yeah, they went hardcore, and when you go hardcore, you go extreme, so far as to recruited a Brown Bear into their army. Yeah, can't get much more badass then that. But, the tale of this isn't particularity well known, and a somewhat obscure part of history, but not today. In this video, we will be looking at Wojtek, the Solider Bear.
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Following the German and Russian invasion of Poland. Thousands of Polish civilians and military members were imprisoned in Soviet Gulags, in accordance with the German-Soviet non aggression pact. However, following the start of operation Barbarossa. The Soviets renaged on this treaty, and released thousands of Polish prisoners, the Polish government in exile, managed to get a military treaty signed on August the 14th of 1941, that allowed a Polish army corp to be established on Soviet Soil. Its first commander, General Michał Tokarzewski, began the task of forming this army in the Soviet town of Totskoye on 17 August. Władysław Sikorski, the prime minister of Poland at the time, ultimately chose Lieutenant General Władysław Anders to lead this new army. The Polish Second corp would be made up of all Polish military contingents that were fighting in the allied theaters of war. With a large section being on men aiding the British in the middle east, and Polish army units that had escape through the Persian corridor, and their, is where our story takes place.
At a railroad station at Hamadan, Iran, on 8 April 1942, Polish soldiers encountered a young Iranian boy who had found a bear cub whose mother had been shot by hunters. One of the civilians with them, took a liking to the cub, prompting Lieutenant Anatol Tarnowiecki to buy the young bear, which spent the next three months in a Polish refugee camp established near Tehran. In August the bear was donated to the 2nd Transport Company, which later became the 22nd Arti
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JvKsNsI29w
This is a short series that will be covering battles that occur in the "Civil War Generals 2" series that is being uploaded to this channel. These are meant as a very quick summaries of the historical battles.
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The Battle of Champions Hill started on May the 16th 1863. Two days prior, the Union had fought and occupied the Mississippi capital of Jackson while Confederate forces in the area regrouped under their new commander, Joseph E Johnston. Johnston ordered Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton and his 23,000 men to attack the Union at the outskirts of Jackson before they had a chance to reinforce the position. Pemberton and his generals felt this plan to be un-wise, and elected to skirt around Jackson and block the supply route for the Union as well as intercept the supply trains im-bound, positioning themselves between Raymond and Jackson. A message came, repeating the previous order and the army was forced to counter-march.
When the two forces did engage, Pemberton's army had formed into a three-mile long defensive line that ran southwest to northeast along a crest of a ridge overlooking Jackson Creek, a position that commanded the heights around the area. However, he was unaware that one of the three Union columns was moving along the Jackson Road against his unprotected left flank, one of two escapes routes that he had planned on using. When word reached him of union men on the road, he shifted additional forces over with the objective of holding that road open.
When Grant arrived at Champion Hill at about 10:00 a.m., he ordered an attack to begin with John A. McClernand's corps attacking on the left and James B. McPherson's on the right, with reserves from Jackson making their way forward. The union men reached the main line and took the crest after two hours of fighting, At the same time, McPherson's corps captured the crossroads and effectively closing the Jackson Road escape route. While the confederates were able to re-take the crest in a counter-attack, too few men were in the region to prevent another break-through. Pemberton directed William W. Loring to send forces from the southern ar
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0u1qnjOsr4
The United States, at one point did indeed have an Emperor. He was America's first Emperor, and while he didn't hold any real power. Joshua Abraham Norton, is an important part of history, that shouldn't be forgotten.
All material and the video itself, are for educational purposes only.
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Before he was “Emperor of the United States,” Joshua Abraham Norton was just another businessman who ventured to the West to make his fortune. Born in Britain around 1819 he spent his youth in South Africa before migrating to San Francisco during the 1849 Gold Rush. Norton dove into the real estate business, and by the early 1850s, he’d turned his original $40,000 stake into a quarter million dollar fortune. But like so many Gold Rush-era speculators, Norton’s greed eventually got the better of him. China had a severe famine in 1852, and stopped all exports of rice. This caused the rice prices to skyrocket in San Fran to 30 cents a pound, which is over 9 dollars in modern day. He devised a scheme to conquer the San Francisco market, buying 25,000 pounds of Rice from Peru for 750,000, Had things gone as planned, Joshua stood to make a very handsome profit indeed. But, the next day, and then over the next two weeks, several more shiploads of rice arrived from Peru all of superior quality to what Norton had bought. The price of rice plummeted to 3 cents a pound. With him losing hundreds of thousands of dollars. He spent a year fighting in the courts against the vendor which only cost him more money and caused him to lose his real estate. And he declared Bankruptcy in 1858. After losing it all, and drinking. Norton declared himself Emperor over the United States, sending decrees to local newspapers proclaiming himself as so. The San Francisco Bulletin printed Norton’s proclamation as a joke, yet the locals kind of played to his decree.
Norton was very much like the friendly town drunk or homeless individual. As people and businesses to a heavy liking of him and his regular decrees and speeches. Following his declaration as emperor, Norton issued decrees abolishing the US congress, stating that fraud and corruption prevented the fair representation of the people, and a few months later, issued another decree for the army to overthrow congres
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYZfxVa1EJs
China and the Soviet Union were viewed for many years as staunch allies. However, the alliance between the two powers had a long history of conflicts between the two, all of which played a major part in the upcoming second world war. Today, we will be covering the 1929 Sino-Soviet War, a war fought over the Chinese Eastern Railway.
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Chapters:
0:00 Intro
0:50 Background
2:10 CER history
3:50 Forces
5:15 War
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This is a short series that will be covering battles that occur in the "Civil War Generals 2" series that is being uploaded to this channel. These are meant as a very quick summaries of the historical battles.
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The Army of Northeastern Virginia numbering 35,000, the nucleus of what would form the Army of the Potomac, was under the command of Brigadier general Irvin Mcdowell. McDowell had never held a combat command before, and he was pressured to start his Mananas campaign by the Union press and Lincoln himself, even though he constantly stated that the men under his command lacked the training and experience to engage in offensives against Beuarguards army. Regardless, the campaign started on July the 17th.
Within the day, the union army had occupied Centerville, opposing them, stationed along the vital railroad junction at Mananas was the 22,000 men of Beaurguards Army of the Potomac. Division commander Daniel Tyler was ordered to look for a fording point across Bull Run creek on the Confederate right. He marched southeast to Mitchell's Ford and Blackburn's Ford, arriving at the latter about 11 a.m. Looking south across the stream, Tyler believed that the road to Manassas Junction was clear, but he failed to see the brigade of Brig. Gen. James Longstreet concealed in the woods behind the ford. Fighting soon followed, and the reconnaissance in-force failed, leaving the Confederates to hold the field with 68 casualties compared to 91 for the Union. While this battle may be over-looked by the much larger and deadlier battles that followed, both James Longstreet and Jubal Early said that the victory on the 21st was largely due to Blackburn's ford, as their men had gained confidence in their abilities. The failure of the reconnaissance also made Mcdowell go against his original idea of launching a frontal assault, instead planning to over-turn the Confederate left, a tactic that he would implement at the Battle of Bull Run three days later. kidtrjkpdtkptgftgf9349054890
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