New Insights into the Stratigraphic Setting of Paleozoic to Miocene Deposits Online Course https://giladjames.com Section: Introductory Chapter: An Introduction to the Stratigraphic Setting of Paleozoic to Miocene Deposits Based on Paleoecology, Facies Analysis, Chemostratigraphy, and Chronostratigraphy - Concepts and Meanings Lesson: Facies analysis and paleoecology New Insights into the Stratigraphic Setting of Paleozoic to Miocene Deposits. This course is brought to you by Gilad James Mystery School. Learn more at Gilad James.com. Introduction This is the introductory lecture of the course “New insights into the stratigraphic setting of Paleozoic to Miocene deposits: case studies from the Persian Gulf, Peninsular Malaysia and south-eastern Pyrenees.” In this lecture, the research themes studied in this course have been introduced referring to the paleoecological and facies analysis techniques and methodologies, pertaining, in particular, an Oligo-Miocene carbonate succession of the Persian Gulf (Asmari Formation), the chemostratigraphy of Paleozoic carbonates of Peninsular Malaysia through the integration of stratigraphic, sedimentologic, and geochemical data, and the chronostratigraphy of a small ice-dammed paleolake in Andorra, applying the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) analysis, resulting in sixth-order stratigraphic cycles, which have outlined the occurrence of glacially controlled system tracts and unconformities. The topic of the Asmari Formation and its depositional environments has been deeply studied. Referring to its biostratigraphy, it was earlier outlined in the 1960s based on unpublished reports. The application of isotopic stratigraphy has later proved that the sediments ascribed to the Miocene “Aquitanian” are, in fact, Late Oligocene, Chattian in age. This was proved by the application of Sr-isotope stratigraphy to cored sections from 10 Iranian oil fields and 14 outcrop sections, within the framework of a high resolution sequence stratigraphy study down to fourth order cycles. The Chattian/Aquitanian boundary is marked by a major faunal turnover, with the general extinction of Archaias speciesand Miogypsinoides complanatus. The age interpretation of the early, unpublished zonations has needed a deep revision and the establishment of an updated biozonation. The new zonation and the stratigraphic ranges of selected key species have been presented by Laursen et al., 2009 . The isotopic stratigraphy based on strontium has constrained the stratigraphic setting of the Asmari Formation. This formation, consisting of approximately 400 m of cyclic platform limestones and dolostones, with subordinate intervals of sandstones and shales, has been studied in the subsurface at several oil fields and in an outcrop section. The methods of Sr-isotope stratigraphy is suitable for dating these strata because of the fast rate of marine strontium ratio during the depositional processes (roughly 32–18 My). The profiles of age against depth in the four areas have shown a decrease from higher accumulation rates in the lower Asmari to lower rates in the middle-upper part of the formation. These changes reflect the dynamics of platform progradation, from early deposition along relatively high accommodation margin to slope settings and then, to conditions of lower accommodation on the shelf top. The ages of the sequence boundaries have been estimated from the age-depth profiles at each locality, providing a framework for stratigraphic correlation. The depositional sequences have an average duration of 1–3 My, whereas the component cycles represent average time intervals of 100–300 ky. On the other side, the Kinta limestones have been matter of previous studies, mainly referring to the depositional environments. In the Kinta valley, they are composed of medium-to-dark gray, fine-grained, thinly bedded limestones, with preserved bedding planes and slump depositional features. The faunal content is quite scarce, except that some conodont faunas, while a high organic content is suggested from the dark color of the deposits. The sedimentological and facies analysis has suggested the occurrence of low energy, slope environment hosting the deposition of the Kinta limestones. The high organic content coupled with the lacking of benthic fauna has indicated a low-oxygen setting. On the #new #insights #into #the #stratigraphic #setting #of #paleozoic #to #miocene #deposits ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1B7mxSnb9o

Geoscience and Remote Sensing Online Course https://giladjames.com Section: Remote Sensing of the Ecology and Functioning of the Mekong River Basin with Special Reference to the Tonle Sap Lesson: The Tonle Sap Geoscience and Remote Sensing. This course is brought to you by Gilad James Mystery School. Learn more at Gilad James.com. Introduction The management of large transnational river basins is subject to a range of challenges stemming from differing national priorities, governance of land use activities and resource use, and differences in institutional capacity, data gathering and data sharing. Over vast, often inaccessible areas, remote sensing allows for rapid assessment of ecological resources and hydrological processes. This includes quantification of the extent and ecological functioning of vegetation communities, defining the distribution, duration and timing of flooding, measurement of water quality parameters, groundwater assessment, habitat assessment, and predictive modelling of the ecological impacts of landuse activities and changes to hydrological cycles. Remote Sensing technologies currently allow unparalleled capability for environmental monitoring and management. Data recording and delivery systems, sensor platforms, and sensor technology are constantly improving and each year deliver better remote sensing products for a wide array of applications. Largely independent of geopolitical constraints and boundaries, remote sensing systems allow investigation and analysis of water resources and ecosystem functioning and processes at a range of scales. Large transnational river basins such as the Mekong River basin, can be studied in their entirety or in part. This lecture examines the use of remote sensing techniques in various investigations in the Mekong River Basin, with particular reference to work on the Tonle Sap (Great Lake) of Cambodia. The Mekong is the 10th largest river basin in the world in terms of mean annual outflow, with an annual discharge of 475 billion m3 (Daming, 1997). From its source on the Tibetan Plateau, it flows some 4,800 km south to the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, draining a total catchment area of 795,000 km2 (MRC, 2005). The Mekong River Basin spans the six countries of China, Myanmar, Lao PDR, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam and forms the major hydrological resource for Southeast Asian. The basin has always faced the challenges of widespread poverty, increasing demands on water and environmental resources, and conflict throughout the region (Jacobs, 2002). There is lack of coordinated management of the basin, although the Mekong River Commission (MRC), and its predecessors the Mekong Committee and the Mekong Interim Committee have sought to foster dialogue between the member countries since the late 1950s. The main achievement of the MRC, however, has been the development in recent decades of an extensive data gathering and dissemination system, flood forecasting and warning systems, and advancing the understanding of the ecological and physical attributes of the basin (Jacobs, 2002). Flow and runoff in the Mekong is strongly seasonal, reflecting the influence of the annual monsoon in the lower reaches of the basin. The wet season peaks in September-October with flows in the lower basin of 20,000-30,000 m3s-1, compared to dry season flows of approximately 2,000 m3s-1, which are derived mainly from snow melt in the upper basin (Mekong Secretariat, 1989). The Mekong is subject to natural annual variability which affects the size of the flood peak in any given year and is driven primarily by El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events (Kiem et al. 2004). Future flood pulse activity may be threatened, however, with significant water resources development occurring throughout the Mekong basin, along with the uncertain effects of climate change on precipitation and river flows. Development and water impoundment and extraction upstream on the Mekong, particularly in southern China but also in Laos, Thailand and Vietnam, is thought to be affecting the size, timing and intensity of the monsoonal flood pulse (Blake, 2001; Osbourne, 2006). Although catchments in China account for approximately one fift #geoscience #and #remote #sensing ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WVyx5aqY5Vo