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The Art of Worldly Wisdom, Baltasar Gracian
Gracián's style, generically called conceptism, is characterized by ellipsis and the concentration of a maximum of significance in a minimum of form, an approach referred to in Spanish as agudeza (wit), and which is brought to its extreme in the Oráculo Manual y Arte de Prudencia (literally Manual Oracle and Art of Discretion, commonly translated as The Art of Worldly Wisdom), which is almost entirely composed of three hundred maxims with commentary. He constantly plays with words: each phrase becomes a puzzle, using the most diverse rhetorical devices.
Its appeal has endured: in 1992, Christopher Maurer's translation of this book remained 18 weeks (2 weeks in first place) in the Washington Post's list of Nonfiction General Best Sellers. It has sold nearly 200,000 copies.
The son of a doctor, in his childhood Gracián lived with his uncle, who was a priest. He studied at a Jesuit school in 1621 and 1623 and theology in Zaragoza. He was ordained in 1627 and took his final vows in 1635.
He assumed the vows of the Jesuits in 1633 and dedicated himself to teaching in various Jesuit schools. He spent time in Huesca, where he befriended the local scholar Vincencio Juan de Lastanosa, who helped him achieve an important milestone in his intellectual upbringing. He acquired fame as a preacher, although some of his oratorical displays, such as reading a letter sent from Hell from the pulpit, were frowned upon by his superiors. He was named Rector of the Jesuit College of Tarragona and wrote works proposing models for courtly conduct such as El héroe (The Hero), El político (The Politician), and El discreto (The Discreet One). During the Spanish war with Catalonia and France, he was chaplain of the army that liberated Lleida in 1646.
In 1651, he published the first part of the Criticón (Faultfinder) without the permission of his superiors, whom he disobeyed repeatedly. This attracted the Society's displeasure. Ignoring the reprimands, he published the second part of Criticón in 1657, as a result was sanctioned and exiled to Graus at the beginning of 1658. Soon Gracian wrote to apply for membership in another religious order. His demand was not met, but his sanction was eased off: in April 1658 he was sent to several minor positions under the College of Tarazona. His physical decline prevented him from attending the provincial congregation of Calatayud and on 6 December 1658 Gracian died in Tarazona, near Zaragoza in the Kingdom of Aragon.
Gracián is the most representative writer of the Spanish Baroque literary style known as Conceptismo (Conceptism), of which he was the most important theoretician; his Agudeza y arte de ingenio (Wit and the Art of Inventivenes
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Christian D Larson
Your Forces and How to Use Them
A Supreme Power and Wisdom governs the Universe. The
Supreme Mind is measureless, and pervades endless
space. The Supreme Wisdom, Power and Intelligence is
in everything that exists from the atom to the planet.
The Supreme Power and Wisdom is more than in everything.
The Supreme Mind is everything. The Supreme Mind is every
atom of the mountain, the sea, the tree, the bird, the animal, the
man, the woman. The Supreme Wisdom cannot be understood
by man or by beings superior to man. But man will gladly
receive the Supreme thought and wisdom, and let it work for
happiness through him, caring not to fathom its mystery.
The Supreme Power has us in its charge, as it has the suns
and endless systems of worlds in space. As we grow more to
recognize this sublime and exhaustless wisdom, we shall learn
more and more to demand that wisdom draw it to ourselves,
make it a part of ourselves, and thereby be ever making
ourselves newer and newer. This means ever perfecting health,
greater and greater power to enjoy all that exists, gradual
transition into a higher state of being and the development of
powers we do not now realize as belonging to us
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