Texts in Transit: Manuscript to Proof and Print in the Fifteenth Century
Author: Lotte Hellinga File Type: pdf After Gutenbergs Bible had appeared in print in 1455, other early printers found different ways to solve problems set by the new technique. Survival of printers copy or proofs permits rare views of compositors and printers manipulating a text before it emerged in its new form. Versions were corrected to be fit for purpose, and might be adapted for a much enlarged readership, especially if the language was vernacular. The printing press itself required careful measuring and fitting of texts. In twelve case-studies Lotte Hellinga explores what is revealed in printers copy and proofs used in diverse printing houses, covering the period from 1459 to the 1490s, and ranging from Rome and Venice to Mainz and Westminster.
Author: Joseph Feller
File Type: pdf
ReviewAn excellent international and interdisciplinary repository of the latest research and thinking on free and open software movements and practices. With this intellectual miracle, the editors and contributors pave the way to a new open science paradigm.--Claudio Ciborra, London School of Economics and IULM, Milan, author of The Labyrinths of Information Perspectives on Free and Open Source Software is the most comprehensive collection of writings on open source software that I have seen. The authors tackle the difficult questions that surround its success, from what motivates developers to write software for free to how companies can incorporate the best of the open source model into their environments. Martin Fink , Vice President, Linux, Hewlett-PackardThis is a carefully written, well-argued book that synthesizes a lot of good original research on the user-centered model of innovation. It makes a significant contribution to our general understanding of the innovation process in an area where our knowledge is especially thin. A thought-provoking and extremely valuable book.--Carliss Y. Baldwin, William L. White Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, coauthor of Design Rules The Power of ModularityPerspectives on Free and Open Source Software is the most comprehensive collection of writings on open source software that I have seen. The authors tackle the difficult questions that surround its success, from what motivates developers to write software for free to how companies can incorporate the best of the open source model into their environments.--Martin Fink, Vice President, Linux, Hewlett-PackardAbout the AuthorBrian Fitzgerald holds the Frederick A. Krehbiel II Chair in Innovation in Global Business and Technology, Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, University of Limerick, Ireland.Karim R. Lakhani is a doctoral candidate in management at the MIT Sloan School of Management, strategy consultant with The Boston Consulting Group, and cofounder of the MIT Open Source Research Project.Joseph Feller is Lecturer in Business Information Systems, University College Cork, Ireland.Scott A. Hissam is Senior Member of the Technical Staff, Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
Author: Manus I. Midlarsky
File Type: pdf
The Killing Trap, first published in 2005, offers a comparative analysis of the genocides, politicides and ethnic cleansings of the twentieth century, which are estimated to have cost upwards of forty million lives. The book seeks to understand both the occurrence and magnitude of genocide, based on the conviction that such comparative analysis may contribute towards prevention of genocide in the future. Manus Midlarsky compares socio-economic circumstances and international contexts and includes in his analysis the Jews of Europe, Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, Tutsi in Rwanda, black Africans in Darfur, Cambodians, Bosnians, and the victims of conflict in Ireland. The occurrence of genocide is explained by means of a framework that gives equal emphasis to the non-occurrence of genocide, a critical element not found in other comparisons, and victims are given a prominence equal to that of perpetrators in understanding the magnitude of genocide.
Author: Giorgio Agamben
File Type: pdf
Agamben charts a journey that ranges from poems of chivalry to philosophy, from Yvain to Hegel, from Beatrice to Heidegger. An ancient legend identifies Demon, Chance, Love, and Necessity as the four gods who preside over the birth of every human being. We must all pay tribute to these deities and should not try to elude or dupe them. To accept them, Giorgio Agamben suggests, is to live ones life as an adventure -- not in the trivial sense of the term, with lightness and disenchantment, but with the understanding that adventure, as a specific way of being, is the most profound experience in our human existence. In this pithy, poetic, and compelling book, Agamben maps a journey from poems of chivalry to philosophy, from Yvain to Hegel, from Beatrice to Heidegger. The four gods of legend are joined at the end by a goddess, the most elusive and mysterious of all Elpis, Hope. In Greek mythology, Hope remains in Pandoras box, not because it postpones its fulfillment to an invisible beyond but because somehow it has always been already satisfied. Here, Agamben presents Hope as the ultimate gift of the human adventure on Earth.
Author: Michael Davidson
File Type: pdf
This new book by eminent scholar Michael Davidson gathers his essays concerning formally innovative poetry from modernists such as Mina Loy, George Oppen, and Wallace Stevens to current practitioners such as Cristina Rivera-Garza, Heriberto Yepez, Lisa Robertson, and Mark Nowak. The book considers poems that challenge traditional poetic forms and in doing so trouble normative boundaries of sexuality, subjectivity, gender, and citizenship. At the heart of each essay is a concern with the politics of form, the ways that poetry has been enlisted in the constitutionand critiqueof community. Davidson speculates on the importance of developing cultural poetics as an antidote to the personalist and expressivist treatment of postwar poetry. A comprehensive and versatile collection, On the Outskirts of Form places modern and contemporary poetics in a cultural context to reconsider the role of cultural studies and globalization in poetry.** Essays on modern and contemporary poetry from a cultural studies perspective**
Author: Laura E. Ruberto
File Type: pdf
This book considers cultural representations of four different types of labor within Italian and U.S. contexts stories and songs that chronicle the lives of Italian female rice workers, or mondine testimonials and other narratives about female domestic servants in Italy in the second half of the twentieth century (including contemporary immigrants from non-western countries) cinematic representations of unwaged household work among Italian American women and photographs of female immigrant cannery labor in California. These categories of labor suggest the diverse ways in which migrant women workers take part in the development of what Antonio Gramsci calls national popular culture, even as they are excluded from dominant cultural narratives. The project looks at Italian immigration to the U.S., contemporary immigration to Italy, and internal migration within Italy, the emphasis being on what representations of migrant women workers can tell us about cultural and political change. In addition to the idea of national popular culture, Gramscis discussion of the social role of subalterns and organic intellectuals, the politics of folklore (or common sense) and everyday culture, and the necessity of alliance-formations among different social groups all inform the textual analyses. An introduction, which includes a reconsideration of Gramscis theories in light of feminist theory, argues that the lives of subaltern classes (such as migrant women) are inherently connected to struggles for hegemony. A brief epilogue, on a lesser-known essay by photographer Tina Modotti, closes the discussion.**
Author: Carlos Sanabria
File Type: pdf
Puerto Rican Labor History 18981934 presents a history of the organized labor movement in Puerto Rico from the United States colonial domination of the island in 1898 to the Great Depression in the early 1930s. Although the most prominent Puerto Rican labor leaders in the early twentieth century were strongly influenced by revolutionary European socialist and anarchist ideology, the organized labor movement as represented by the Federacion Libre de los Trabajadores de Puerto Rico and the Partido Socialista became a fundamentally reformist trade unionist campaign that relied heavily on the democratic rights guaranteed by the United States government and the support of the American Federation of Labor. Rather than advocating for the overthrow of capitalism, the abolition of private property and the wage labor system, and its replacement by a socialist egalitarian cooperative society free of centralized government authority, the organized workers movement focused on the immediate struggle for higher wages and better working conditions by means of the organization of labor and participation in electoral politics. **Review Sanabria offers a fresh insight on Samuel Gompers and the American Federation of Labors influence in the development of the labor movement during the first three decades of American rule over Puerto Rico. His work is detailed, incisive, and nuanced, and more importantly, accessible to a broad public. (Harry Franqui-Rivera, Bloomfield College) Puerto Rican Labor History 1898-1934 Revolutionary Ideals and Reformist Politics reinvigorates the study of Puerto Rican working-class history by offering a comprehensive analysis of the labor movements two most important institutions at the turn of the twentieth century, the Federacion Libre de Trabajadores and the Partido Socialista. By carefully tracing their histories, contradictions, and their members intellectual production, Carlos Sanabria offers new perspectives that will, without a doubt, inform future debates in the fields of labor and Puerto Rican studies. (Jorell Melendez Badillo, University of Connecticut) Carlos Sanabrias book, Puerto Rican Labor History, 1898-1934, represents a contribution to the debates and interpretations of the history of the labor movement in Puerto Rico. This book places into perspectives and explores labors struggles in the broad context of social, economic, and political transformations occurring in Puerto Rico during the period under study. It should be a basic acquisition for academic and research libraries dealing with labor history in Latin America and the Caribbean. (Amilcar Tirado, University of Puerto Rico) About the Author Carlos Sanabria is former associate professor in Caribbean studies at The City University of New York.
Author: Aziz Al-Azmeh
File Type: pdf
Based on epigraphic and other material evidence as well as more traditional literary sources and critical review of the extensive relevant scholarship, this book presents a comprehensive and innovative reconstruction of the rise of Islam as a religion and imperial polity. It reassesses the development of the imperial monotheism of the New Rome, and considers the history of the Arabs as an integral part of Late Antiquity, including Arab ethnogenesis and the emergence of what was to become Muslim monotheism, comparable with the emergence of other monotheisms from polytheistic systems. Topics discussed include the emergence and development of the Muhammadan polity and its new cultic deity and associated ritual, the constitution of the Muslim canon, and the development of early Islam as an imperial religion. Intended principally for scholars of Late Antiquity, Islamic studies and the history of religions, the book opens up many novel directions for future research.**ReviewAziz Al-Azmeh starts his excellent new book by modestly describing it as an extended essay in historical interpretation ... but in reality this is a truly massive analysis of the origins of early Islam that will challenge many contemporary assumptions ... This intriguing and engaging book is a welcome addition to academia. Intended primarily for postgraduate scholars of Islam, religion and Late Antiquity, this monograph suggests many exciting new directions for future studies and empirical research. Abdullah Drury, Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations Book Description A comprehensive and innovative reconstruction of the emergence of early Muslim religion and polity in their historical, religious and ethnological contexts. Intended principally for scholars of late antiquity, Islamic studies and the history of religions, the book opens up many novel directions for future research.