In philosophy, Empiricism vs. Rationalism was a major debate that began with Descartes’s cogito ergo sum of and ended with Immanuel Kant. The Empiricism of John Locke, George Berkeley and David Hume — known as the British Empiricists — developed in the 17th and 18th centuries and was a very influential movement. In contrast to the Rationalists (who believed that knowledge was only possible through reason and the mind), the Empiricists maintained that experience was the only origin of knowledge. Their challenge was to show why it was not unreliable in light of Descartes’s investigations in Discourse on the Method. _________________ ? Sources: Berkeley, G., 1881. A treatise concerning the principles of human knowledge. JB Lippincott & Company. Berkeley, G., 2012. Three dialogues between Hylas and Philonous. Broadview Press. Hume, D., 2016. An enquiry concerning human understanding (pp. 191-284). Routledge. Locke, J., 1847. An essay concerning human understanding. Kay & Troutman. Secondary: Downing, Lisa, "George Berkeley", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2020 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/berkeley/ Markie, Peter, "Rationalism vs. Empiricism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2017 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2017/entries/rationalism-empiricism/ Morris, William Edward and Charlotte R. Brown, "David Hume", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/hume/ Turbayne, C.M., 1985. Hume's Influence on Berkeley. Revue Internationale de Philosophie, pp.259-269. Uzgalis, William, "John Locke", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2020 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/locke/ ________________ ? Music Used: 1. Magnetic — CO.AG Music 2. Mesmerise — Kevin MacLeod 3. Evening Fall Harp — Kevin MacLeod 4. Anguish — Kevin MacLeod 5. End of the Era — Kevin MacLeod Subscribe to Kevin MacLeod https://www.youtube.com/user/kmmusic Subscribe to CO.AG Music https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcav... _________________ ⌛ Timestamps: 0:00 Empiricism vs. Rationalism 2:17 John Locke’s Empiricism 5:34 George Berkeley’s Subjective Idealism 8:42 Hume’s Sceptical Empiricism _________________ #empiricism #thelivingphilosophy #rationalism #philosophy #locke #berkeley #hume ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhxNxMH0rGA

There's an old distinction about grounded wisdom between the ways of Tao and the way of Zen. The ancient Taoist masters lived among the people as the master tradesmen of the village. All talk of Tao was confined to clandestine meetings of the masters. So an old story I read somewhere says anyway. Wisdom must be grounded to be of value. Wisdom needs foundations. In this episode, we explore the implications of this by looking at what the implications of the compartmentalisation of wisdom are. Media and clips: Shire-folk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQed7aE9YHQ&ab_channel=Fitzcarraldo Monastery image: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Taungkalat_temple,_Myanmar.jpg (CC BY 2.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en #zen #taoism #thelivingphilosophy ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0A2bnlWcG08