Free Will and Moral Responsibility - Aquinas and the Council of Orange: Video Essay
Thomas Aquinas and the 529 AD Council of Orange held similar views on God's sovereignty, human free will, and moral responsibility. Aquinas believed that God controls all events in the universe, including human actions and choices.
However, he believed that humans have free will and are accountable for their moral decisions.
He tried to reconcile these beliefs. Aquinas said that God "premoves" human wills, meaning God influences people's wills in particular directions but does not force them. God makes individuals more prone to choose good or evil, but people ultimately choose freely.
For those God elects to save, God's grace unfailingly inclines their wills toward good without eliminating their freedom.
The Council of Orange said that God wills all to be saved but also gave humans free will.
The Miraj/Night Journey is nearly identical in nature to the Zoroastrian Arta Viraf. Is this more plagiarism? And Mo himself tells us Abraham could not have built the Kaaba.
Critical Islamic law (Sharia) resource: Reliance of the Traveller, with Appendix W - https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf
The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws - Vol 2
https://archive.org/details/hedaysorguide00hamigoog/page/n6/mode/2up
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Jesus’ marital status became popular again due to Dan Brown’s ‘The Da Vinci Clown’. It claimed Jesus married Mary Magdalene and had a daughter who began the Merovingian dynasty. No historical evidence support the novel’s claims.
Original source: Article by Birger A. Pearson, Biblical Archaeology Society
Did Jesus Marry? https://www.baslibrary.org/bible-review/21/2/6
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Also, go to the Archive link below, to the Christianity folder for more Didache versions and other documents.
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Critical Islamic law (Sharia) resource: Reliance of the Traveller, with Appendix W - https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf
Full Archive:
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The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws - Vol 2
https://archive.org/details/hedaysorguide00hamigoog/page/n6/mode/2up
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPgQ9-qq0j4
The documented variations in wording and meaning within the multiple kira'at clearly suggest that the Qur'anic text has not been perfectly preserved in a singular form, unchanged over time. This evidence of textual differences across various readings indicates that the transmission and recitation of the Qur'an have undergone changes, leading to discrepancies in the wording and meaning of the text, as we see in the differences between Hafs and Warsh variants. Therefore, the presence of multiple kira'at contradicts the claim of a flawlessly preserved Qur'anic text without any alterations since its original revelation.
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Critical Islamic law (Sharia) resource: Reliance of the Traveller, with Appendix W - https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf
Full Archive:
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The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws - Vol 2
https://archive.org/details/hedaysorguide00hamigoog/page/n6/mode/2up
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXRXkt8qUt0
Were some gospels left on the sidelines—or “lost”?
Were the Gnostics true Christians who have been overlooked, or heretics and false pretenders?
Is the Da Vinci Code fact or fiction, myth or truth?
Let's unpack the history of the conflict between the Gnostics, the Bible canon and the Early Church.
Full Archive - see Atheism folder for reference works:
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Where Was Your Church before Luther? Claims for the Antiquity of Protestantism Examined
S. J. Barnett - Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture / Volume 68 / Issue 01 / March 1999, https://drive.google.com/file/d/12uOvSr-RbMaY5IJj6qnrX-SAwHOToipw/view?usp=drive_link
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Sources for my series on Sharia Law/Fiqh
Reliance of the Traveller - Umdat al Salik (Sacred Islamic law)
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ByYbgLPhHE4rkyQ-k-ovrQ5l55kEhf9m/view?usp=sharing
https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf
Islam - Shared Searchable Online Database: https://1drv.ms/o/s!BJTCgSI6HCcm33ovzTNDT9uPoT7q?e=jdqcMD6DQkG-lAYFnUg45w&at=9
Authentic Seerah and Famous but Unauthentic stories from The Seerah of The Prophet Muhammad
https://www.dropbox.com/s/ffjpcc0zn08r1gj/Authentic_Seerah_and_Famous_but_Unauthentic_stories_from_The_Seerah_of_The_Prophet_Muhammad.pdf
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While the Deuterocanonical books did not inherently contradict Christian doctrine, as evidenced by their longstanding acceptance in Catholic and Orthodox traditions, aspects of them did pose challenges to characteristically Protestant doctrines that developed in the sixteenth century. By classifying them as apocrypha, reformers were able to exclude them from biblical authority and sidestep tensions they posed to Protestant theology.
The Catholic Church accepts the Deuterocanonical books, including the additions to Daniel and Esther, as part of the inspired scriptures. However, it is important to note that the Catholic Church does not interpret these additions as endorsing the use of magic or prayer to angels.
https://ko-fi.com/post/Deuterocanon-vs-Apocrypha-Why-Protestants-removed-R6R5QPXRD
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Full Archive:
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The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws - Vol 2
https://archive.org/details/hedaysorguide00hamigoog/page/n6/mode/2up
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wsY--CqsmL0
Faith without reason leads to superstition, while reason without faith leads to empty materialism. A coherent worldview requires both in balance.
Examining ideas for logical consistency and coherence with reality is not "deism" or natural theology, it is simply rational thinking. Feelings alone should not be the basis for truth or faith. Emotions can be misleading and subjective.
Faith must be grounded in facts and reason to have meaning and substance. If faith contradicts reason and evidence, then it descends into irrationality. A reasonable faith understands that while God is beyond human comprehension, God is not contrary to reason.
Original article link: https://ko-fi.com/post/Stupid-ideas-remain-stupid-even-if-clothed-in-the-J3J3PYOQ0
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Critical Islamic law (Sharia) resource: Reliance of the Traveller, with Appendix W - https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf
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The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws - Vol 2
https://archive.org/details/hedaysorguide00hamigoog/page/n6/mode/2up
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbGkg-R7kZM
The Islamic Political Lobby spends FAR more than people realise, with influence and connections at the highest levels of government. They spend FAR more than Israel, dwarfing the money that Israel has. The bulk of the Islamic political infiltration and influence is aimed at subverting the education system. Let's follow the money, not the lies that are commonly told.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKn7JCnRr48
Let us learn what Islamic Sharia law specifically states about hadith, especially to refute statements from ignorant and dishonest commenters that weak hadith are unreliable. The Sharia itself uses weak hadith as *legal evidence*. All book references for you to download:
Reliance of the Traveller, with Appendix W: https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf?dl=0
Reliance of the Traveller, indexed: https://www.dropbox.com/s/uvcak3hcbfua64x/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-PREFERRED.pdf?dl=0
Fath al Bari on Bukhari: https://www.dropbox.com/s/at1tkmm0cdtgknx/Fath-al-bari-excerpt-in-english.pdf?dl=0
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUbwPNqlskg
In this thought-provoking talk, delve into the fascinating theological debate between two prominent figures in Christian history: Thomas Aquinas vs lawyer John Calvin. Explore the contrasting perspectives on predestination and free will as Thomas Aquinas, known for his nuanced approach, seeks to reconcile these concepts, while lawyer John Calvin firmly embraces the doctrine of predeterminism. Join us as we examine the theological arguments and insights of these influential thinkers, shedding light on their divergent views and the lasting impact they have had on Christian theology. Discover the intellectual clash of Aquinas vs lawyer Calvin and gain a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding this enduring theological debate.
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Critical Islamic law (Sharia) resource: Reliance of the Traveller, with Appendix W - https://www.dropbox.com/s/0f1ga9cvekt18au/Reliance-of-the-Traveller-AppendixW.pdf
Full Archive:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1BGrC1fxB-ym-ZQ64TtfYEG0vQtYCOIL6?usp=sharing
The Hedaya: Commentary on the Islamic Laws - Vol 2
https://archive.org/details/hedaysorguide00hamigoog/page/n6/mode/2up
Useful and Related files on Islam
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePYuFYhduug