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I do Not Own Any Of This use for educational purposes only Please enjoi! A big band or jazz orchestra is a type of musical ensemble of jazz music that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. Big bands originated during the early 1910s and dominated jazz in the early 1940s when swing was most popular. The term "big band" is also used to describe a genre of music, although this was not the only style of music played by big bands. Big bands started as accompaniment for dancing. In contrast to the typical jazz emphasis on improvisation, big bands relied on written compositions and arrangements. They gave a greater role to bandleaders, arrangers, and sections of instruments rather than soloists.Dance music Before 1910, social dance in America was dominated by steps such as the waltz and polka.[25] As jazz migrated from its New Orleans origin to Chicago and New York City, energetic, suggestive dances traveled with it. During the next decades, ballrooms filled with people doing the jitterbug and Lindy Hop. The dance duo Vernon and Irene Castle popularized the foxtrot while accompanied by the Europe Society Orchestra led by James Reese Europe.[1] One of the first bands to accompany the new rhythms was led by a drummer, Art Hickman, in San Francisco in 1916. Hickman's arranger, Ferde Grofé, wrote arrangements in which he divided the jazz orchestra into sections that combined in various ways. This intermingling of sections became a defining characteristic of big bands. In 1919, Paul Whiteman hired Grofé to use similar techniques for his band. Whiteman was educated in classical music, and he called his new band's music symphonic jazz. The methods of dance bands marked a step away from New Orleans jazz. With the exception of Jelly Roll Morton, who continued playing in the New Orleans style, bandleaders paid attention to the demand for dance music and created their own big bands.[3] They incorporated elements of Broadway, Tin Pan Alley, ragtime, and vaudeville.[1] Duke Ellington led his band at the Cotton Club in Harlem. Fletcher Henderson's career started when he was persuaded to audition for a job at Club Alabam in New York City, which eventually turned into a job as bandleader at the Roseland Ballroom. At these venues, which themselves gained notoriety, bandleaders and arrangers played a greater role than they had before. Hickman relied on Ferde Grofé, Whiteman on Bill Challis. Henderson and arranger Don Redman followed the template of King Oliver, but as the 1920s progressed they moved away from the New Orleans format and transformed jazz. They were assisted by a band full of talent: Coleman Hawkins on tenor saxophone, Louis Armstrong on cornet, and multi-instrumentalist Benny Carter, whose career lasted into the 1990s.[1] Una big band u orquesta de jazz es un tipo de conjunto musical de música jazz que suele estar formado por diez o más músicos con cuatro secciones: saxofones, trompetas, trombones y una sección rítmica. Las big bands se originaron a principios de la década de 1910 y dominaron el jazz a principios de la década de 1940, cuando el swing era más popular. El término "big band" también se usa para describir un género musical, aunque este no fue el único estilo de música interpretado por big bands. Las big bands comenzaron como acompañamiento al baile. En contraste con el énfasis típico del jazz en la improvisación, las grandes bandas se basaron en composiciones y arreglos escritos. Le dieron un papel más importante a los directores de orquesta, arreglistas y secciones de instrumentos que a los solistas. Música de baile Antes de 1910, la danza social en Estados Unidos estaba dominada por pasos como el vals y la polca.[25] A medida que el jazz migró desde su origen de Nueva Orleans a Chicago y la ciudad de Nueva York, los bailes enérgicos y sugerentes viajaron con él. Durante las próximas décadas, los salones de baile se llenaron de gente haciendo jitterbug y Lindy Hop. El dúo de baile Vernon e Irene Castle popularizaron el foxtrot acompañados por la Europe Society Orchestra dirigida por James Reese Europe.[1] Una de las primeras bandas que acompañó los nuevos ritmos estuvo dirigida por un baterista, Art Hickman, en San Francisco en 1916. El arreglista de Hickman, Ferde Grofé, escribió arreglos en los que dividía la orquesta de jazz en secciones que se combinaban de varias maneras. Esta mezcla de secciones se convirtió en una característica definitoria de las big bands. En 1919, Paul Whiteman contrató a Grofé para que utilizara técnicas similares para su banda. Whiteman fue educado en música clásica y llamó a la música de su nueva banda jazz sinfónico. Los métodos de las bandas de baile marcaron un paso más allá del jazz de Nueva Orleans. Con la excepción de Jelly Roll Morton, que siguió tocando al estilo de Nueva Orleans, los directores de orquesta prestaron atención a la demanda de música dance y crearon sus propias big b