Published By
Created On
8 Apr 2021 09:44:11 UTC
Transaction ID
Cost
Safe for Work
Free
Yes
Made to Break: Technology and Obsolescence in America
Author: Giles Slade
File Type: pdf
If youve replaced a computer lately--or a cell phone, a camera, a television--chances are, the old one still worked. And chances are even greater that the latest model wont last as long as the one it replaced. Welcome to the world of planned obsolescence--a business model, a way of life, and a uniquely American invention that this eye-opening book explores from its beginnings to its perilous implications for the very near future. Made to Break is a history of twentieth-century technology as seen through the prism of obsolescence. America invented everything that is now disposable, Giles Slade tells us, and he explains how disposability was in fact a necessary condition for Americas rejection of tradition and our acceptance of change and impermanence. His book shows us the ideas behind obsolescence at work in such American milestones as the inventions of branding, packaging, and advertising the contest for market dominance between GM and Ford the struggle for a national communications network, the development of electronic technologies--and with it the avalanche of electronic consumer waste that will overwhelm Americas landfills and poison its water within the coming decade. History reserves a privileged place for those societies that built things to last--forever, if possible. What place will it hold for a society addicted to consumption--a whole culture made to break? This book gives us a detailed and harrowing picture of how, by choosing to support ever-shorter product lives we may well be shortening the future of our way of life as well. **From Publishers Weekly The flip side of Americas worship of novelty is its addiction to waste, a linkage illuminated in this fascinating historical study. Historian Slade surveys the development of disposability as a consumer convenience, design feature, economic stimulus and social problem, from General Motors 1923 introduction of annual model changes that prodded consumers to trade in perfectly good cars for more stylish updates, to the modern cell-phone industry, where fashion-driven psychological obsolescence compounds warp-speed technological obsolescence to dramatically reduce product life-cycles. He also explores the debate over planned obsolescence-decried by social critics as an unethical affront to values of thrift and craftsmanship, but defended as a Darwinian spur to innovation by business intellectuals who further argued that wearing things out does not produce prosperity, but buying things does. Slades even-handed analysis acknowledges both manufacturers manipulative marketing ploys and consumers ingrained love of the new as motors of obsolescence, which he considers an inescapable feature of a society so focused on progress and change. His episodic treatment sometimes meanders into too-obscure byways, and his alarm at the prospect of thrown-away electronic gadgets overflowing landfills and poisoning the water supply seems overblown. But Slades lively, insightful look at a pervasive aspect of Americas economy and culture make this book a keeper. Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. From Booklist Americans threw out 315 million computers in 2004, and 100 million cell phones in 2005. Most were still usable, and all contain permanent biological toxins (PBTs). Electronic trash, or e-waste, is rapidly becoming a catastrophic problem. To understand how we ended up in this alarming predicament, Slade recounts the fascinating history of American consumer culture and the engineering of our throw-away ethic. Quoting an eye-opening array of primary sources, he exposes the strategies of obsolescence, first explicating the techniques companies have used to stimulate perpetual dissatisfaction with the old and desire for the new, thus engendering psychological obsolescence. Next, he meticulously documents the establishment of the much more diabolical planned obsolescence, the deliberate use of poor-quality materials to create a products built-in death date. Along the way, Slade portrays seminal inventors, advertisers, moguls, and their critics, while relating hard-to-believe stories about the machinations of such marketplace powerhouses as the automotive and communications industries. Slades fresh and thought-provoking analysis of conspicuous consumption and its unintended environmental consequences closes with a clarion call for combating e-waste. Donna Seaman American Library Association. lt
Author
Content Type
Unspecified
application/pdf
Language
English
Open in LBRY
More from the publisher
105562
Author: Seth Anziska
File Type: pdf
On the fortieth anniversary of the Camp David Accords, a groundbreaking new history that shows how Egyptian-Israeli peace ensured lasting Palestinian statelessness For seventy years Israel has existed as a state, and for forty years it has honored a peace treaty with Egypt that is widely viewed as a triumph of U.S. diplomacy in the Middle East. Yet the Palestiniansthe would-be beneficiaries of a vision for a comprehensive regional settlement that led to the Camp David Accords in 1978remain stateless to this day. How and why Palestinian statelessness persists are the central questions of Seth Anziskas groundbreaking book, which explores the complex legacy of the agreement brokered by President Jimmy Carter. Based on newly declassified international sources, Preventing Palestine charts the emergence of the Middle East peace process, including the establishment of a separate track to deal with the issue of Palestine. At the very start of this process, Anziska argues, Egyptian-Israeli peace came at the expense of the sovereignty of the Palestinians, whose aspirations for a homeland alongside Israel faced crippling challenges. With the introduction of the idea of restrictive autonomy, Israeli settlement expansion, and Israels 1982 invasion of Lebanon, the chances for Palestinian statehood narrowed even further. The first Intifada in 1987 and the end of the Cold War brought new opportunities for a Palestinian state, but many players, refusing to see Palestinians as a nation or a people, continued to steer international diplomacy away from their cause. Combining astute political analysis, extensive original research, and interviews with diplomats, military veterans, and communal leaders, Preventing Palestine offers a bold new interpretation of a highly charged struggle for self-determination. **Review This splendid book by a young American Jewish scholar is the product of an early emotional and intellectual transformation . . . His combination of original research and personal fearlessness has produced one of the most compelling works of political and diplomatic history I have ever read . . . Anziska has made a major contribution to the history of this conflict.---Charles Kaiser, *The Guardian* In Anziskas deeply researched book, the idea of a negotiated path to a viable Palestinian state was first betrayed at Camp David in the late 1970s, when US president Jimmy Carter, Menachem Begin, Israels rightwing prime minister, and Egyptian president Anwar Sadat brokered the accord that brought a lasting peace between Egypt and Israel.---Mehul Srivastava, *Financial Times* In Israels animated political discourse, the Camp David Accords are universally acclaimed while the Oslo Accords are bitterly debated between Left and Right. In this perceptive, thoroughly researched book, Seth Anziska reveals the strong connection between the two agreements and the extent to which Oslo drew on Camp Davids autonomy plan. Preventing Palestine is mandatory reading for understanding the complexities and ironies of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.Itamar Rabinovich, author of *Yitzhak Rabin Soldier, Leader, Statesman* Preventing Palestine is an essential account of a reality obscured by hostile political agendas and unabashed bias. Seth Anziska uncovers the complex forces that have prevented Palestinian statehood and contributed to the destructive dynamic on the ground. With searing honesty, he traces the failures of the so-called Palestinian-Israeli peace process and describes the result the tragic injustice inflicted on the people of Palestine. This is a historical revelation of enormous magnitude.Hanan Ashrawi, member of the PLO Executive Committee Seth Anziskas book illuminates a crucial chapter in Middle Eastern history and U.S. foreign policy, and shows how the breakthrough peace agreement between Egypt and Israel created a roadblock to peace between Israel and the Palestinians. The breadth and depth of Anziskas research is remarkable.Gershom Gorenberg, author of *The Accidental Empire Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967-1977* Preventing Palestine is a must-read for understanding why a two-state solution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict hasnt been achieved. The book provides an objective and foreboding picture of a political reality where a peoples rights are marginalized by a brazen military power unchecked by international order and largely supported by the United States. This is a story of Israels success, but one that paradoxically leaves it facing its ever-more-assertive existential nemesis.Sari Nusseibeh, author of *Once Upon a Country A Palestinian Life* Anziskas meticulous research and compelling analysis of the unexpected continuity that runs throughout the turbulent years of Israeli-Palestinian peacemaking makes this book invaluable for expert and layperson alike.Gershon Shafir, author of *A Half Century of Occupation Israel, Palestine, and the Worlds Most Intractable Conflict* Probing deep causes, Preventing Palestine vividly recounts the drive by Palestinians to achieve national self-determination and a parallel effort by Israelis to thwart that movement. We already know the outcome of the contest (at least so far), but Seth Anziskas story is gripping nonetheless. And highly revealing for the author also lays bare the willingness of Americans and even Egyptians to go along with the Israeli campaign. Anziska transforms our understanding of recent Middle Eastern history.Salim Yaqub, University of California, Santa Barbara Brilliantly conceived and researched, Preventing Palestine joins a very short list of essential works on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and on U.S. relations with the Middle East.Bradley Simpson, University of Connecticut About the Author Seth Anziska is the Mohamed S. Farsi-Polonsky Lecturer in Jewish-Muslim Relations at University College London and a visiting fellow at the U.S.Middle East Project. His writing has appeared in the New York Times, Foreign Policy, and Haaretz. He lives in London.
Transaction
Created
1 year ago
Content Type
Language
application/pdf
English