How Explainable Artificial Intelligence Can Help Humans Innovate
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? The area of artificial intelligence has developed machines that can drive vehicles, fold proteins and track particles. The minds of superhuman AIs are actually out of control of us humans, says Andrew Keen. AI researchers are now trying to build AI algorithms that describe themselves in a way that humans can understand. The Rubik's Cube is essentially a problem of pathfinding: find a path from point A to point B. The algorithm looks at each step and provides suggestions on which steps are feasible, which are difficult, and how the plan might be strengthened.
It will be hard for a human to learn how to solve the cube on this website. In the world of AI, people are intuitive in a way that is unmatched by any AI. But computers are much better at their computing power and algorithmic rigor. This back and forth between a man and a computer exploits the attributes of both men and computers.
Let's play some Imperator: ROME, the new historical grand strategy by Paradox Development Studio! In this campaign, we will be playing as the Punic empire of Carthage, seeking to unite the Mediterranean under our banner and contain the Roman threat!
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Imperator: Rome’s features include:
Character Management:
A living world of characters with varying skills and traits that will change over time. They will lead your nation, govern your provinces and command your armies and fleets. We also introduce our new, more human-like character art.
Diverse Populations:
Citizens, freemen, tribesmen and slaves - each population with its own culture and religion. Whether they fill your armies, fill your coffers or fill your colonies, keep an eye on their happiness - your success depends on their satisfaction.
Battle Tactics:
Choose your approach before battle to counter the stratagems of your foes.
Military Traditions:
Each culture has a unique way of waging war. Romans and Celts have different options available to them. Unlock unique bonuses, abilities and units.
Different Government Types:
Manage the senate in a Republic, hold your court together in a monarchy, answer to the clans in a tribal system.
Barbarians and Rebellions:
Migrating barbarians may sack or settle your best land, while disloyal governors or generals can turn against you - taking their armies with them!
Trade:
Goods provide bonuses to their home province. Will you take advantage of stockpiles for local strength or trade excess goods to spread the wealth around?
Provincial Improvement:
Invest in buildings, roads and defences to make your kingdom stronger and richer.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-A33q-mXsw
? Physicists have no idea whether the symmetry of the mirror is disrupted in our world. If it's not broken at all, and we're just looking at the universe the wrong way, physicists say. The study was published in the arXiv preprint archive but not peer-reviewed. Physicists hope a strong gravitational field will strengthen the relationship between neutrons and mirror neutrons. Neutrons often transform into their mirror neutron equivalents, which could lead to strange things happening in the universe.
The research is being carried out at the University of California, Berkeley. Neutron stars can survive the crippling weight of their own gravity by a quantum mechanical mechanism called degeneracy strain. With fewer normal neutrons, the limit is shrinking. The universe is just too old (13.8 billion years), and we have no idea how long this transition will take.
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? #Neutrons #Stars #Blackholes
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYBp9CMIa5w
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? MIT team develops miniaturized robots that can stretch using laser zaps. The bots have mechanical legs powered by electronic silicon-based modules. Scientists say they could revolutionize both microrobotics and medicine. The team was able to jiggle the legs of a battalion of microbots in a synchronized "march" simultaneously. The key is to allow microbots to travel inside the body reliably, which is a really difficult issue, they say.
The aim is to develop cell-sized robots that police our bodies, which seems like science fiction, but with serious obstacles in the way. Scientists have developed microbots that can climb, leap, roll, or even swim using magnets to monitor their travel through the rough terrain of human tissue. The main challenge is that electronically operated legs (or actuators) are very hard to produce. Although they appear to "swim" they are able to appear to be a little nervous and slightly sluggish, the bots were able to make it to the top of the bill. The authors are simply trying to solve the locomotion problem, the authors said, to be as imaginative and clever as the authors themselves.
At just 40cm wide and 70m long, the robots are the smallest on-board electronics microbots in nature. Tiny robots can withstand temperature variations up to 100F and more than a dozen orders of magnitude of acid concentrations. They are incredibly cheap to make: around one-tenth of a penny ($0,001) for each robot. The robots don't have an on- board power supply, which means they need to be tied to an external energy and information source like a puppet. The "swallowable surgeon" technique could help diagnose or treat surface tissue, such as the eyes.
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? #Microscopic #Robot #Surgon
Sources:
⚉ https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2626-9
⚉ https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02421-2
⚉ https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07892-y
⚉ https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-08/cu-mr082520.php
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KtS-lZkLvyI
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? Stanford University team unveils an improved variant of optogenetics that regulates actions without the need for surgery. Genetic modification is the secret to optogenetic -- without it, neurons don't actually respond to light. Translating a powerful scientific technology into therapeutic treatment may benefit patients with neurological disorders. We're quite a long way from science manipulating the brain with flashlights, but the analysis shows that it's theoretically within the scope of science fiction, says David Wheeler. The team was able to adjust how probable the mouse was to have seizures or to reprogram the brain so that it favored the social business.
Scientists will connect opsin genes, a specific class of algae proteins, to live neurons using viruses. Opsins are specialized "doors" that unlock under such light wave frequencies, which mammalian brain cells can't do.
Scientists may even fine-tune which neurons have the extra power, such as those involved in memory or epilepsy. The new research began with the key aim of the Deisseroth team: let's ditch the need for surgical implants, says Dr. Peter Goelz. The team had a candidate, one so nice that it was a ChRmine (bad joke cringe)
Scientists used viruses to apply ChRmine to the region deep within the brain of mice. Light-enhanced mice were much more likely to push a button to transmit light to their scalps. Scientists were able to transform a psychologically ambivalent mouse into a friendly social butterfly. For now, this is only feasible in mice. Our brains are far bigger, which ensures that light reflecting across the skull and reaching far enough becomes much more difficult. The study indicates that through the infusion of a virus it is theoretically possible to regulate something as integral to a personality through nothing but light.
Research indicates that it is possible to regulate the brain without surgery or implants. Other approaches overheat delicate brain tissue and result in injury. While not quite perfect, this brain-control OS solves these problems.
Thanks and Enjoy ? New Way to Control the Brain With Light—No Surgery Required ? ?
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? #OptoGenetics #BrainSurgery #GeneticModification
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z-vMl8xfLf4
? The Holographic Theory is a controversial and complicated theory of the universe. It says that black holes can absorb more material than their surroundings. This could lead to a 'Holographic Universe' in which we live in 3D, rather than 2D or. Holographic world is riding in the face of the Big Bang Theory. The day when we embrace the holographic world as reality will indeed be a very strange day, says Dr. Richard Branson.
Holographic theory is by no means a modern concept, but it is not popular science, either. Holographic Universe is a new theory of the universe. If true, it would mean that we were also insubstantial and impermanent. It would lead to confusion and the cause of existential problems all over the world. Holograms are often used as plotting instruments in old-school science fiction films.
The Holographic Theory was born in the 1990s, but experimental research is still ongoing in the twenty-first century. Researchers suggest that some of the anomalies in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation could be caused by a holographic structure. Let us know what you think by posting a comment below.
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? #Holographic #Universe #Theory #Explained
Sources:
⚉ https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-our-universe-could-emerge-as-a-hologram-20190221/
⚉ https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/holographic_principle.htm
⚉ https://www.wired.co.uk/article/our-universe-is-a-hologram
⚉ https://www.brandeis.edu/now/2018/november/thetake-podcast-hologram.html
⚉ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holographic_principle
⚉ https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/information-in-the-holographic-univ/
⚉ https://www.vox.com/2015/6/29/8847863/holographic-principle-universe-theory-physics
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXLWbguNzHo
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? The Four Most Promising Planets for Alien Life in the Solar System ?
? Earth's biosphere includes liquid water, at least one energy source, and valuable elements and molecules.
Mars is one of the most earthlike planets in the solar system. Discovery of a lake under the southern polar ice cap and methane in the Martian atmosphere allows Mars a very fascinating life prospect. Still, Mars has a very small, dry atmosphere nearly completely made up of carbon dioxide.
Europa orbits Jupiter at a distance of some 670,000 kilometers every 3.5 days. The moon is thought to be a geologically active planet, like Earth, since the intense tidal flexion heats its rugged, metallic interior and leaves it partly molten. Underneath the frozen ice is a layer of liquid water which is stopped from freezing by heat.
Enceladus orbits Saturn and first came to the notice of scientists as a possibly habitable planet. Massive geysers at the south pole of the moon are direct evidence of a deep reservoir of liquid water. Tiny grains of rocky silicate particles can only be present if the subsurface ocean water is in close contact with the rocky ocean floor.
Titan is the main moon of Saturn and the only moon in the solar system with a large atmosphere. It includes a dense orange cloud of complex organic molecules and a methane weather mechanism. Radar surveys also reported the existence of rivers and reservoirs of liquid methane and ethane.
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? #Alien #Life #Mars #Europa #Enceladus #Titan
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOfbGPhXGFw
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? How to Give A.I. a Pinch of Consciousness ?
? In 1998, engineers at Sony's computer science lab in Japan recorded a lost-looking robot running quickly through an enclosure. Researchers argued that the robot's "self-consciousness" emerged during a moment of incoherence. Researchers are exploring whether neural networks can reach the same elevated levels of processing as appear in individual brains. But granting robots the ability to think this way often carries with it risks and ethical complexities, as well as potential risks and problems for society. One of the world's foremost A.I. experts is intrigued by the study of consciousness. Yoshua Bengio is the creator of Mila, the Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute.
Studies on consciousness are still considered "tabuistic" in A.A. Systems. Awareness of the human brain is progressively important to the pursuit of more sophisticated technologies. The study of human brain-inspired operating systems can expand the limits of what A.T. systems can do today, some argue.. The work on consciousness does not bring us any closer to a fully sentient machine consciousness, however.
There is a significant crossover between neuroscience and A.I. research. Daniel Dennett, who spent most of his life worrying on what consciousness is and isn't, claims that we won't see computers gaining this degree of consciousness too soon. The research could happen. An aware computer that claims to be innocuous might also give rise to ethical difficulties, writes Dan Rivers. "The possibility of falsely generating pain in a conscious computer is what we ought to stop," he says. "We're definitely going to have another species, human consciousness, so we can't regulate the consciousness," he adds.
"The possibility of falsely generating misery in a thinking computer is what we ought to prevent," says Andrea Luppi. Analysis is constantly building on cognition and awareness theories in the pursuit of more efficient structures.
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? #ArtificialIntelligence #AI #Consciousness
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwPO0TLPqaI