AFAM 162 African American History: From Emancipation to the Present The Harlem Renaissance brought together legions of black writers, artists, musicians, and intellectuals who celebrated black culture and romanticized its connections to an African past. In this lecture, Professor Holloway documents some of the expressions of the Harlem Renaissance (also known as the New Negro Renaissance), the political and cultural movement that claimed Harlem as its figurative capital. In fact, thousands of African Americans flocked to Harlem, and it became the center of a rich cultural and political environment–one always fraught with complications, but still understood to represent the best that black America had to offer. As Professor Holloway shows, white enthusiasts of these newly-admired cultural forms visited Harlem to get a taste of black life. Indeed, without the financial support of the white community, whatever cultural efflorescence that did exist in Harlem would have been significantly less grand. Yet the tensions between white patrons and black artists, as well as between black intellectuals and black artists, made the Harlem Renaissance a complex movement. Warning: This lecture contains graphic content and/or adult language that some users may find disturbing. Johnathan Holloway, African American History: From Emancipation to the Present (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed May 30, 2019). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA

AFAM 162 African American History: From Emancipation to the Present Martin Luther King, Jr. and the civil rights movement have become embodied in each other. But in this lecture, Professor Holloway asks: what of the other activists in the struggle? What of the other organizations involved in the struggle? And what of the history of the struggle before King reluctantly emerged on the scene? By uncovering the histories of the Montgomery bus boycott, the integration of Central High School in Little Rock, the death of Emmett Till, the Greensboro student sit-ins, and the formation of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, one finds differing responses to violence and multiple approaches to attacking racial bias and discrimination. Professor Holloway also draws attention to the gender dynamics of the civil rights movement by considering the inner-workings of the Women’s Political Council in Montgomery, Alabama, the original motivating force behind the 1955 bus boycott, and the great importance of respectability to the movement. This lecture reveals that there was no single civil rights movement, that there were many activists working in a variety of different ways and with varying degrees of success, and that King was a complicated figure, both inspiring and stifling activism. Warning: This lecture contains graphic content and/or adult language that some users may find disturbing. Johnathan Holloway, African American History: From Emancipation to the Present (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed May 30, 2019). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA

AFAM 162 African American History: From Emancipation to the Present Between 1865 and 1877, several plans were developed by which the Confederate states could be readmitted to the Union and the residents of the states given full citizenship rights. It was far from clear, however, which plan would do a better job maintaining the social peace and protecting African Americans’ ability to earn a wage, raise a family, own land, and exercise the right to vote. In this lecture, Professor Holloway outlines the contours of the Ten Percent Plan, Presidential Reconstruction, and Radical Reconstruction, and he explains how these plans embraced a variety of approaches to reuniting the disparate states. As Professor Holloway explains, Reconstruction greatly enhanced the rights of African Americans, while also circumscribing their lives by new political, economic, and social initiatives. Warning: This lecture contains graphic content and/or adult language that some users may find disturbing. Johnathan Holloway, African American History: From Emancipation to the Present (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed May 30, 2019). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA

AFAM 162 African American History: From Emancipation to the Present In this lecture, Professor Holloway discusses how race influenced public policy by examining some of the key cultural symbols of the past few decades, all in an effort to answer the question: how is race used in our society? Professor Holloway discusses Bill Clinton’s policies in particular, honing in on his ability to connect with the African American community, the controversy surrounding Lani Guinier’s cabinet appointment, and his National Dialogue on Race. He then turns to California to examine the passage of Propositions 187 and 209, which begin to call into question common notions about civil rights legislation and affirmative action in our nation. In the remainder of the lecture, Professor Holloway talks about four landmark court cases–Shaw v. Reno, Adarand v. Pena, Hopwood v. Texas, and Grutter v. Bollinger–to shed light on the way race began to operate in a legal setting, as well as the general dumbing down of discourse in politics and media about race, in the post-civil rights era. Warning: This lecture contains graphic content and/or adult language that some users may find disturbing. Johnathan Holloway, African American History: From Emancipation to the Present (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed May 30, 2019). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA