88279
Author: Lucas John Mix
File Type: pdf
This book traces the history of life-concepts, with a focus on the vegetable souls of Aristotle, investigating how they were interpreted and eventually replaced by evolutionary biology. Philosophers have long struggled with the relationship between physics, physiology, and psychology, asking questions of organization, purpose, and agency. For two millennia, the vegetable soul, nutrition, and reproduction were commonly used to understand basic life and connect it to higher animal and vegetable life. Cartesian dualism and mechanism destroyed this bridge and left biology without an organizing principle until Darwin. Modern biology parallels Aristotelian vegetable life-concepts, but remains incompatible with the animal, rational, subjective, and spiritual life-concepts that developed through the centuries. Recent discoveries call for a second look at Aristotles ideas though not their medieval descendants. Life remains an active, chemical process whose cause, identity, and purpose is self-perpetuation. **Review Whilevegetable souls might sound like an oxymoron, the notion has had a long and venerable history in philosophy, theology, and science, depending, of course, on what is meant by the phrase. With precision and a passion for inquiry, astrobiologist Lucas Mix sorts it all out historically, philosophically, and, yes, biologically. From the pre-Socratics to Charles Darwin and current trends in evolutionary biology, Mixs engaging survey invites the reader to ponder anew the ultimate mystery of lifes origin and purpose. (William P. Brown, Columbia Theological Seminary, USA) Since ancient times, philosophers have attempted to understand what animated matter and distinguished the living from the non-living. For the Greeks, this principle of life was psyche, for the Romans anima, and in the Germanic languages soul. In his deeply learned book, Lucas Mix traces the more than two-thousand-year history of life concepts in philosophy, theology, and the emerging science of biology. In this history, concepts of mortal and material souls rub shoulders with immortal and immaterial souls, and a vegetable soul shares the human body with a rational soul. In the process, we are lead to question who we are and our connections with animal and vegetable life. (David Haig, Harvard University, USA) This an amazing tour de force, almost everything one would want to know about Western thought, from before Aristotle up to now as it bears on the still puzzling question what is life? Much of philosophy and theology has been a debate about the meaning of vegetable souls (life) and modern biology, reductionist and mechanistic as it takes itself to be, still lacks a coherent answer. Mixs book will be the definitive source from now on. (W. Ford Doolittle, Dalhousie University, Canada) From the Back Cover This book traces the history of life-concepts, with a focus on the vegetable souls of Aristotle, investigating how they were interpreted and eventually replaced by evolutionary biology. Philosophers have long struggled with the relationship between physics, physiology, and psychology, asking questions of organization, purpose, and agency. For two millennia, the vegetable soul, nutrition, and reproduction were commonly used to understand basic life and connect it to higher animal and vegetable life. Cartesian dualism and mechanism destroyed this bridge and left biology without an organizing principle until Darwin. Modern biology parallels Aristotelian vegetable life-concepts, but remains incompatible with the animal, rational, subjective, and spiritual life-concepts that developed through the centuries. Recent discoveries call for a second look at Aristotles ideas though not their medieval descendants. Life remains an active, chemical process whose cause, identity, and purpose is self-perpetuation.
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English