The House of Romanov (also transcribed Romanoff; Russian: Романовы, tr. Románovy, IPA: [rɐˈmanəvɨ]) was the reigning imperial house of Russia from 1613 to 1917. They achieved prominence after the Tsarina, Anastasia Romanova, was married to the First Tsar of Russia, Ivan the Terrible. The house became boyars (the highest rank in Russian nobility) of the Grand Duchy of Moscow and later of the Tsardom of Russia under the reigning Rurik dynasty, which became extinct upon the death of Tsar Feodor I in 1598. The Time of Troubles, caused by the resulting succession crisis, saw several pretenders and imposters (False Dmitris) fight for the crown during the Polish–Muscovite War of 1605–1618. On 21 February 1613, a Zemsky Sobor elected Michael Romanov as Tsar of Russia, establishing the Romanovs as Russia's second reigning dynasty. Michael's grandson Peter I, who established the Russian Empire in 1721, transformed the country into a great power through a series of wars and reforms. The direct male line of the Romanovs ended when Empress Elizabeth of Russia died in 1762, thus the House of Holstein-Gottorp (a cadet branch of the German House of Oldenburg that reigned in Denmark) ascended to the throne in the person of Peter III. Officially known as members of the House of Romanov, descendants after Elizabeth are sometimes referred to as "Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov". The abdication of Emperor Nicholas II on 15 March [O.S. 2 March] 1917 as a result of the February Revolution ended 304 years of Romanov rule and led to the establishing of the Russian Republic under the Russian Provisional Government in the lead-up to the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. In 1918 Bolshevik officials executed the ex-Emperor and his family. Of the House of Romanov's 65 members, 47 survivors went into exile abroad. In 1924 Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, the senior surviving male-line descendant of Alexander II of Russia by primogeniture, claimed the headship of the defunct Imperial House of Russia. Since 1991 the succession to the former Russian throne has been in dispute (largely due to disagreements over the validity of dynasts' marriages), especially between the lines of Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of Russia (born 1953), Prince Andrei Alexandrovich of Russia (1897–1981), and Prince Nicholas Romanovich Romanov (1922–2014). As Nicholas lacked male heirs, his claim later inherited by his only brother Prince Dimitri Romanov (1926-2016) who died childless, then his cousin, Prince Andrew Romanov (1923-2021). ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eXd997dFtqU

"The Battle of Midway," directed by John Ford, provides a relatively brief account of the Japanese attack of American ships at Midway atoll. The film is comprised mostly of authentic footage from the battle, with dramatic narration by Henry Fonda. "Behind every cloud, there may be an enemy," he intones as American fighter pilots search the sky. The rest of the film mocks Emporer Tojo of Japan and portrays him as ruthless, bombing hospitals and churches as he tries to conquer the Pacific. The film begins with a male narrator (Donald Crisp) explaining where Midway Island is and its strategic importance. About five minutes into the film the format changes somewhat, with more leisurely pictures of the G.I.s at work on the island, and then a female voice over. The female voice over (Jane Darwell) takes the personality of a middle aged woman from Springfield, Ohio, who is a mother-type figure pointing out how she recognizes a boy from her home town. The boy is Army Air Force pilot William E. "Junior" Kinney. Then stock footage of the Kinney family back home is introduced. Abruptly the narrative (spoken by Henry Fonda ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d9nZWCVXyHE

وعلى مر العصور، يعيد معرض تمنراست السنوي - الذي يبدأ في أواخر كانون الأول/ديسمبر ويستمر حتى أوائل كانون الثاني/يناير - إحياء أقدم العادات والثقافات الجزائرية. تمنراست هي المدينة الواقعة في أقصى جنوب الجزائر ، على بعد 1 ميل (200 كيلومتر) من العاصمة الجزائر ، بالقرب من حدود الجمهوريتين المجاورتين النيجر ومالي. في العصور القديمة كانت مركزا رئيسيا لتجارة الرقيق الأفريقية ، لكن قوافل الجمال لا تزال تستخدمها كمكان للاجتماع اليوم تحمل الملح بشكل أساسي من النيجر والبعثات التي تبحث عن المياه في مالي. هذه السلعة الأخيرة مهمة بشكل خاص لمنطقة تمنراست ، لأن المياه كانت مفتاح تغيير وضع المدينة. عانت تمنراست ، التي كانت غنية بالنباتات ، بشدة من الجفاف ، ولم تتلق أي أمطار عادية على مدى السنوات الثماني أو العشر الماضية. مع مناخ حار للغاية - تقع تمنراست بين خط الاستواء ومدار السرطان - تحترق المدينة القاحلة الآن والمنطقة المحيطة بها نهارا بسبب شمس الصحراء الحارقة وتبرد بسبب ليالي الصحراء. لكن لا تزال القوافل تأتي لحضور معرض تمنراست التاريخي، بمزيجه الغني من الأعراق والثقافات والعادات - التي تبقى حدثا فريدا في الحياة الجزائرية. ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bRfKrSwb2DM

... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYmpMKHb-uI