The European Southern Observatory (ESO) just released groundbreaking new Milky Way results from the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (EHT).
Astronomers have unveiled the first image of the supermassive black hole at the center of our own Milky Way galaxy. This result provides overwhelming evidence that the object is indeed a black hole and yields valuable clues about the workings of such giants, which are thought to reside at the center of most galaxies. The image was produced by a global research team called the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration, using observations from a worldwide network of radio telescopes.
The image is a long-anticipated look at the massive object that sits at the very center of our galaxy. Scientists had previously seen stars orbiting around something invisible, compact, and very massive at the center of the Milky Way. This strongly suggested that this object—known as Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*, pronounced "sadge-ay-star")—is a black hole, and today’s image provides the first direct visual evidence of it.
Although we cannot see the black hole itself, because it is completely dark, glowing gas around it reveals a telltale signature: a dark central region (called a “shadow”) surrounded by a bright ring-like structure. The new view captures light bent by the powerful gravity of the black hole, which is four million times more massive than our Sun.
"We were stunned by how well the size of the ring agreed with predictions from Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity," said EHT Project Scientist Geoffrey Bower from the Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei. "These unprecedented observations have greatly improved our understanding of what happens at the very centre of our galaxy, and offer new insights on how these giant black holes interact with their surroundings." The EHT team's results are being published today in a special issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
You can watch the press conference on ESO's YouTube channel https://youtu.be/rIQLA6lo6R0 and watch my breakdown of everything you need to know!
Then, join me for a live chat with Dr. Shep Doeleman at 9a PT | 12p ET Thursday 12 May 2022 right here on this channel! #blackhole #eventhorizontelescope #milkyway
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Dr. Sarah Rugheimer is a Glasstone Research Fellow and a Hugh Price Fellow at Jesus College Oxford. Her research interests are modeling the atmosphere and climate of extrasolar planets with a particular focus on atmospheric biosignatures in Earth-like planets as well as modeling early Earth conditions. She is interested in anything related to the field of Astrobiology: the study of origin of life on Earth and the pursuit of detecting life on other planets/moons in the Universe.The questions of our origins and the distribution of life in the Universe are the main driving inspiration for her day-to-day work.
Her Audible Exclusive book Searching for Extraterrestrial Life reveals what we know about detecting life on other planets. Over 10 eye-opening lectures, she will uncover the strides we’ve made in our search for finding habitable Earth-like planets. You’ll gain first-hand insights into how scientists search for signs of life and our latest attempts to find potential life on Mars, Venus, Europa, Titan, and other moons and planets in our solar system. As she recaps how life started on Earth, you’ll see how our evolution informs our search for detecting life on exoplanets. And, you’ll examine the current search for extraterrestrial intelligence, looking at potential responses to the Drake Equation and the Fermi Paradox.
https://www.audible.com/pd/Searching-for-Extraterrestrial-Life-Audiobook/B08N5CHQF8
http://www.sarahrugheimer.com/
00:00:00 Intro
00:01:46 What do you think about the surge of interest in space?
00:04:57 Should we look more for intelligent ET or microbial life in the Universe?
00:07:13 How did you get interested in astrobiology?
00:14:24 What would be the impact of finding microbial ET?
00:18:46 What do we do about the risk of error in science?
00:21:36 What is the possibility of alterntive forms of life? (not carbon based)
00:29:17 The future and Sarah's career.
00:32:26 What do you think of Avi Loeb's theories about Oumuamua?
00:42:33 The Drake Equation (happy 60th anniversary)
00:43:40 Systematic and statistcal errors in science.
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#JWST #JamesWebbSpaceTelescope #SpaceTelescopes In July NASA released the first images and data from the James Webb Space Telescope. Here's my discussion with @Ben Shapiro on this treasure trove of data including:
Carina Nebula. The Carina Nebula is one of the largest and brightest nebulae in the sky, located approximately 7,600 light-years away in the southern constellation Carina. Nebulae are stellar nurseries where stars form. The Carina Nebula is home to many massive stars, several times larger than the Sun.
WASP-96 b (spectrum). WASP-96 b is a giant planet outside our solar system, composed mainly of gas. The planet, located nearly 1,150 light-years from Earth, orbits its star every 3.4 days. It has about half the mass of Jupiter, and its discovery was announced in 2014.
Southern Ring Nebula. The Southern Ring, or “Eight-Burst” nebula, is a planetary nebula – an expanding cloud of gas, surrounding a dying star. It is nearly half a light-year in diameter and is located approximately 2,000 light years away from Earth.
Stephan’s Quintet: About 290 million light-years away, Stephan’s Quintet is located in the constellation Pegasus. It is notable for being the first compact galaxy group ever discovered in 1877. Four of the five galaxies within the quintet are locked in a cosmic dance of repeated close encounters.
Don't miss my exclusive LIVE Q & A with JWST Project Scientist, and Nobel Prize winner, John Mather! https://youtu.be/vC77uaWYd44
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? The Cosmic Cocktail: Three Parts Dark Matter by Katherine Freese: https://a.co/d/9r13mlp
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Eric Weinstein joins me live to take your questions about the past, present and future of physics. We'll discuss my recent chats with Lenny Susskind, Shelly Glashow, and Barry Barish and Eric's recent podcasts with Lex Fridman too.
Eric and Stephen Wolfram: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OI0AZ4Y4Ip4?sub_confirmation=1
Join us in the chat room to ask questions!
Previously featured: Eric Weinstein: https://youtu.be/YjsPb3kBGnk?sub_confirmation=1
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Podcast mentioned:
The Black Hole War: My Battle with Stephen Hawking to Make the World Safe for Quantum Mechanics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJUskAl8mzw?sub_confirmation=1
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#superconductor #physics #nobel
Here come cheap maglev trains, low-loss power distribution, free MRI scanners in every clinic…. Or not?
Since the discovery of superconductors in 1911 by Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, earning the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics, they have been the subject of much fascination and inquiry. Some of the greatest minds in physics have grappled with how superconductivity works to drive electrical resistance to 0.
The 1972 Nobel prize in Physics was awarded to John Bardeen, Leon Neil Cooper, and John Robert Schrieffer "for their BCS theory of superconductivity. Now the race is on to get the highest temperature superconductor possible; another Nobel Prize was awarded just for getting the temperature up to 35K or -396 Fahrenheit!
So superconducting has remained impractical, until now... Maybe! The HUGE claim: zero resistance, at temperatures up to 65 degrees Fahrenheit. Is it a scientific breakthrough, or is it very probably fraud?
Content
00:00:00 Intro
00:01:11 Eisenhower’s warning https://youtu.be/mHDgsh6WPyc?t=562
00:01:55 Jorge Hersch and High Tc Superconductors
00:04:32 Conflict between Hersch and Diaz
00:06:25 What is a superconductor?
00:20:45 Cooper Pairs and Quantum Effects
00:25:00 100 years of superconducting materials
00:28:13 The experiment and the diamond anvil!
00:33:31 The Unearthly Materials Controversy
00:40:00 Academic Freedom and Moderation
00:43:26 Conclusions and Takeaways
#experiment #universe #podcast #briankeating #intotheimpossible #science #astronomy #cosmology
Sources
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05742-0
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05294-9
https://www.unearthlymaterials.com/
https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/17/unearthly-materials-superconductors-investors/?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAALsG2YvRnsu4H0m6ds6fJexDuCNHetasRbCFcu_DbioYuWHi0WKx7idn5wM3Uz2Ko12Zc-4U6SuufQHLbq-QbdfCqzDwEhObBA4bw9BB_rVisKKZTufyfmbPBi_4Oe1kOnBGVIdFjlK9SAOc0yAGRPAPfN1LIdvZ5bdTutI9wP5b
https://undark.org/2023/03/27/a-potential-triumph-in-physics-dogged-by-accusation-and-doubt/
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For that last four years of his life, Freeman Dyson would spend winters in La Jolla, and work alongside physicists at UC San Diego (as well as the super-secret scientific advisory group known as the JASONS). This video was from my last conversation with Freeman at UC San Diego in 2018.
Freeman Dyson was Professor emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study. Mathematician, physicist, philosopher and iconoclast Freeman Dyson was one of the most influential, far-reaching and unconstrained minds of our age. His explorations -- ranging from fusion power to star-encapsulating energy collectors called 'Dyson Spheres' -- stimulated thinkers around the globe. Boldly speculating ahead trillions of years, Dyson has been called the top theologian of the 20th century. Always unabashed, he has raised controversy from all ends of the political spectrum with unusual ideas about climate change.
Dyson came to Cornell University as a graduate student in 1947 and worked with Hans Bethe and Richard Feynman, producing a user-friendly way to calculate the behavior of atoms and radiation. Though he never formally received his PhD, Dyson's work was incredibly influential and diverse. He worked on fields ranging from nuclear reactors, to solid-state physics, to ferromagnetism, astrophysics, and biology, looking for situations where elegant mathematics could be usefully applied. Dyson’s books include Disturbing the Universe, Origins of Life, The Scientist as Rebel, and most recently. Dyson was a fellow of the American Physical Society, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and a fellow of the Royal Society of London. In 2000, he was awarded the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion.
Topics include Freeman's final book, MMaker of Patterns: A Life in Letters:: https://amzn.to/3auNIbG , science and religion, and the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI).
In 2019 Freeman and Greg Benford (UCSD PhD 1967) had a conversation, moderated by me and hosted at UCSD about the deep future of humanity. Find that video here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=riPDQ3VJBCI
Lastly, please see here for a nice retrospective on Freeman by San Diego Union-Tribune reporter, Gary Robbins: https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/science/story/2020-02-28/remembering-famed-physicist-freeman-dyson-and-his-la-jolla-years
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