Violin Concerto No. 5 in A major ‘Turkish’, K. 219 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Violin Concerto No. 5 in A major ‘Turkish’, K. 219 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Mozart completed this concerto in 1775, with the premiere being given in the Christmas concert season that year in Salzberg. Mozart did not make a dedication for this work and it is unclear if this was a commission composition.
The nickname ‘Turkish’ is due to the content of the third movement, the Rondeau. This movement includes a section which is reminiscent of the Turkish ‘military music’ that would appear in the work of composers at the time.
The work is comprised of three movements: I. Allegro aperto – Adagio – Allegro aperto 00:00 II. Adagio 09:45 III. Rondeau – Tempo di minuetto 19:09
Holberg Suite, Op. 40 by Edvard Grieg
Grieg completed his ‘Holberg Suite’ in 1884. The original version of the work was for solo piano, however due to the popularity of the composition it was adapted for string orchestra. The work was composed to commemorate the anniversary of the birth of Dano-Norwegian humanist playwright Ludvig Holberg.
This suite is comprised of five movements:
I. Praeludium
II. Sarabande
III. Gavotte-Musette-Gavotte
IV. Air
V. Rigaudon
Symphony No. 9 in E minor “From the New World”, Op. 95 by Antonin Dvořák
Composed in 1893 while Dvořák was working as director of the National Conservatory of Music in America. The work is in four movements:
• Adagio - Allegro molto
• Largo
• Molto vivace
• Allegro con fuoco
The Largo section has been adapted into the song “Goin’ Home” which is sometimes mistakenly believed to be a folk song, but is entirely the composition of Dvořák. Neil Armstrong took a recording of the symphony with him on the Apollo 11 mission.
Boris Godunov: Prologue by Modest Mussorgsky
Mussorgsky completed his opera ‘Boris Godunov’ in 1873, however the work underwent a number of revisions before having its first complete premiere in 1874 at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg.
The work is based on the dramatized life of Boris Godunov, the Tsar of Russia from 1598 to 1605. Aspects of the opera are taken from the dramatization of the life of Boris written by Aleksandr Pushkin.
The prologue is the first work heard during a performance of the opera.
Waltz in D-flat major, Op. 64, No. 1 ‘Minute Waltz’ by Frédéric Chopin
Chopin composed this short waltz in 1847. The original French name for the piece is ‘Waltz of the puppy’ as Chopin was reportedly inspired in his composition by witnessing a puppy chase its tail. The waltz takes approximately 2 minutes to perform.
Enigma Variations, Op. 36, Variation 1 ‘C.A.E’ by Sir Edward Elgar
Elgar composed his collection of 14 Enigma variations in 1899. He wrote that each variation represented a musical picture of a member of the close circle of friends the composer had. The 1st variation C.A.E' is said to represent Elgar’s wife, Caroline Alice Elgar.
Scheherazade, Op. 35 by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov completed his Scheherazade suite in 1888, with the premiere being given on in October 1888 in St Petersburg. Scheherazade is based on the collection of Middle Eastern folktales named ‘One Thousand and One Nights’.
The work is comprised of four movements:
I. The Sea and Sinbad’s Ship
II. The Kalandar Prince
III. The Young Prince and the Young Princess
IV. Festival at Baghdad. The Sea. The Ship Breaks against a Cliff Surmounted by a Bronze Horseman
The orchestral work has since been adapted into a ballet and for solo piano.
Prince Igor: Polovetsian Dances by Alexander Borodin (arr. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Alexander Glazunov)
Borodin begin composing his opera ‘Prince Igor’ in 1869, but died in 1887 before its completion. Fellow composers Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and Alexander Glasunov posthumously completed the work in 1888, and arranged an orchestral version of the ‘Polovetsian Dances’ at the end of act 2 of the opera.
Concerto for Flute, Harp, and Orchestra in C Major, K. 299/297c by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Composed in 1778 while Mozart was living in Paris. At the time, the harp was still relatively new to the orchestra and featuring the instrument in this fashion was unusual. Mozart was commissioned for this work by duke Adrien-Louis de Bonnières, duc de Guînes, and the duke’s daughter Marie-Louise Philippine. The duke was a talented flautist and his daughter was taking lessons for the harp.
The work is comprised of three movements:
I. Allegro
II. Andantino
III. Rondeau – Allegro
The Four Seasons, Concerto No. 4 in F Minor, RV. 297, “Winter” by Antonio Vivaldi
Composed in 1716 by Vivaldi while working as impresario of the Teatro San Angelo in Venice. It is one of the earliest examples of ‘program music’ – music with a narrative element. Vivaldi published four sonnets to accompany each of the four concertos in this group.
The piece is comprised of three sections:
I. Allegro non molto (in F minor)
II. Largo (in E♭ major)
III. Allegro (in F minor)