We often look at history through the actions of great individuals, technological developments and natural events that initiate social, political and economic change. Sometimes animals play a role in those changes - such as the domestication of sheep, cattle and horses thousands of years ago as sources of food and burden or the ability to travel quickly and provide their riders with a battle platform. But despite those benefits, Europeans nevertheless continued to some degree to be constrained in their ability to travel long distances across oceans by the limits of nutritional deficiency- that is to say, disease borne of malnutrition. But all this began to change when the Vikings began to dry and store a fish called the Cod, whose particular makeup was unlike that of other fish. When they introduced it to other Europeans, the Basques in particular began salting the cod, which made the fish even more resistant to spoiling, and allowed them to travel great distances by ship. Tied into this new ability to travel was the discovery by fishermen of America - long before the celebrated explorers that we all learned about in school. These fishermen were feeding the impoverished and famine affected population of Europe with American Cod centuries before their monarchs began their official scramble for control of the New World, and the story of how they came to do it is one not widely known. Moreover, its also not widely known, that the Cod played a substantial role not only in the survival, economy and independence of the colonies of North America, but they facilitated significant social, political and economic progress that has led directly to the formation of the liberal democracies we live in today. #cod #documentary #vikings #basque #history #columbus #exploration #fishing #conservation #cabot #america #newfoundland #canada #bristol All footage used in this montage remains the property of its respected creators, is used purely for educational purposes and is gratefully acknowledged in the end credits. The concept and some of the data used in the video was drawn from Mark Kurlansky's book: Cod- a biography of the fish that changed the world. Grateful acknowledgement and a great read! Content: 00:00 0:02:55 Basque Prehistory, Roman and Post Roman History 0:10:05 Eric Thorvaldsson 0:12:45 Leif Erikson and the American Viking Colonies 0:18:47 Basque Cod Fishing during the middle ages 0:23:10 The Hanseatic League 0:25:07 Hy-Brazil & the Croft and Jay expedition of 1480 0:27:55 John Cabot / Giovanni Caboto and his connection to Columbus and Vespucci 0:32:04 Joao Fernandes Lavrador 0:34:57 Pre Columbian Atlantic Crossing by of Alonso Sanchez de Huelva 0:37:12 Jacques Cartier's voyage to Canada 0:39:01 Other Pre-Columbian Atlantic Crossings: 0:55:09 The English move into Canada, Salt Problems and the Portuguese alliance 0:59:30 John Smith, Jamestown and the Pilgrim emigration to Plymouth 1:00:00 New England Cod fishing economy and the Codfish Aristocracy 1:05:08 Caribbean exports and the Molasses Aristocracy 1:07:10 The Trade and Navigation Acts; Stamp Act and road to Revolution 1:11:33 John Adams and the Post Revolutionary claims on Fishing Grounds 1:23:34 19th C. Evolutionary theory and Infinite Resources 1:26:50 Clarence Birdseye 1:29:33 Harry Truman, Continental Shelf Laws and the Icelandic Cod Wars 1:37:00 Decline of American Fisheries and Conclusion ERRATA / CORRIGENDA: 1. while there's no doubt that Eric was grossly exaggerating the charms of Greenland, we do know that during the medieval warm period some isolated farming was possible. I hope viewers will forgive my "milking the meme" for added humour. 2. Hy-Brazil was an Irish Celtic legend about an enchanted island somewhere off the western coast, shrouded in a dense mist that made it difficult to find. It was said to be a paradise, with music, feasting, and eternal youth, and was ruled by a powerful wizard or druid. In the video I suggested it might have originated with Basque or Viking sailors. If you enjoy my content, leave your suggestions and comments below, and please consider making a donation via the heart-shaped Thanks link on your Youtube screen; via PayPal; or why not sign up as a Patreon supporter to get advanced screenings of new videos and help me continue making these unfunded educational videos: https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=4D958V58PAVDU https://www.patreon.com/heroesandlegends https://buymeacoffee.com/infoQh For an audio-narration only version of this video please visit the Heroes and Legends Documentary Channel Podcast, via Spotify, Itunes or other leading broadcasters. For resources, links to my other videos, merchandise, the latest social media posts and podcast links, please visit my Heroes and Legends Website: www.heroesandlegends.com.au ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxyuiZeHWq0

An excerpt from our controversial documentary revisiting the life of Napoleon Bonaparte - a much maligned figure of European history, who nevertheless implemented radical social, political and institutional changes that have a direct relationship to modern European Union. In this clip we briefly address the common misperception that Napoleon was a racist, based not on reality, but on Allied propaganda, that would stop at nothing to remove this threat to their own power. You can see our full documentary on Napoleon here: https://youtu.be/-yFK1UHPbsM #napoleon #napoleón #bonaparte #history #documentary ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avxsZOQz5Ls

The Roman Republic didn't have political parties per se, but there was an eventual divergence between conservative and progressive; elite and working class interests in a way that would be reasonably familiar to us today. In this short excerpt we look at the Optimates versus the Populares and how their struggles led to a civil war and the dictatorship of Sulla. You can view the full discussion in our documentary on Brutus - liberator of Rome or traitor to Caesar?- here: https://youtu.be/45BabLOPZio #rome #spqr #romanrepublic #optimates #populares #senate #history If you enjoy my content, leave your suggestions and comments below, and please consider making a donation via PayPal or sign up as a Patreon supporter to help me continue making these unfunded educational videos: https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=4D958V58PAVDU https://www.patreon.com/heroesandlegends https://buymeacoffee.com/infoQh For resources, links to my other videos, merchandise, the latest social media posts and podcast links, please visit my Heroes and Legends Website: www.heroesandlegends.com.au ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xxcCoPkHlzc

William Shakespeare was arguably the greatest writer in history. His works have been translated into every living language. He’s been credited with literally inventing a tenth of the entire English language, or almost 2000 new words and phrases, many of which remain in common usage to this day. Yet, he was an aspiring tradesman’s son during a time of great civil upheaval. He apparently left school at 13 only to be forced into a murky marriage at the age of 18. Despite these challenges he somehow managed to pen works that showed an incredible breadth and depth of knowledge of law, medicine, botany, geography, politics, history, religion and human psychology that mark him as a true renaissance man. And yet, we have so few pieces of material evidence about him that we could fit everything we know of his life, into literally one paragraph. We can’t even be sure that the portraits we instantly recognise are actually his. And yet, there are over a thousand books that have been written about him, almost all of which are based on pure speculation. Some even suggest that the man we assume to be the greatest treasure of the English Speaking World could not possibly be the obscure son of an illiterate glovemaker; but merely a front-man or pseudonym for a restless aristocrat wanting to keep anonymous. Join us, as we dive into the life and times of William Shakespeare; take a brief look at his works, themes and their significance, and review some of the ongoing controversies that have plagued our understanding of his legacy to this very day. #williamshakespeare, #shakespeare, #shaksper, #controversy, #antistratfordian, #oxfordian, #Edwarddevere, #francisbacon, #baconian, #hamlet, #macbeth, #sonnets, #renaissance, #cypher, All video footage remains the property of its respected creators, and is gratefully acknowledged in the end credits. Some viewers have complained about the music soundtrack used in this video, so I have uploaded a -MUSIC FREE VERSION- which you can watch here: https://youtu.be/D_QgmPwEYTA If you enjoy my content, leave your suggestions and comments below, and please consider making a donation via PayPal or sign up as a Patreon supporter to help me continue making these unfunded educational videos: https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=4D958V58PAVDU https://www.patreon.com/heroesandlegends https://buymeacoffee.com/infoQh For resources, links to my other videos, merchandise, the latest social media posts and podcast links, please visit my Heroes and Legends Website: www.heroesandlegends.com.au Chapter Timeline: 02:37 Background 10:20 Ancient Theatre 14:53 Traditional History of the Life of William Shakespeare 23:20 The Lost Years 35:05 Some General Notes on Shakespeare's Plays 51:04 Shakespeare's Later Years 56:09 The Anti-Stratfordians 1:05:08 The Sonnet Problem 1:09:15 Final Thoughts Further links related to content in the video: Medieval Perfect Storm (on this Channel) https://youtu.be/qavGsly6y98 Brutus (on this Channel) https://youtu.be/45BabLOPZio Joseph Campbell's Monomyth or Hero's Journey, on the Triarius Project Channel: https://youtu.be/KHOhHwzO_2Y Iron John on the Triarius Project Channel: https://youtu.be/HcF_dd3agMw Cracking the Shakespeare Code with Petter Amundsen: https://youtu.be/XpJzi3Junuc The Shakespeare Mystery: https://youtu.be/wkqcLJZ9I3s 9 Fake Facts about Shakespeare- A quick summary by Dr. Ros Barber https://youtu.be/vPIKgfEWRo0 Diana Price and Shakespeare's lack of a Literary Trail https://youtu.be/GEQNWpo1PSs Shakespeare was a fake- by Alexander Waugh at Brunel University https://youtu.be/XGn6eJkQlig Who Wrote Shakespeare? Public debate https://youtu.be/HgImgdJ5L6o Shakespeare Authorship Question. Prof Paul Cantor: https://youtu.be/dMM_Un6W_mQ Did Shakespeare write Shakespeare? By Dr. Ros Barber- https://youtu.be/l8oJy318BDo By Tom Regnier- https://youtu.be/EAprYZnjGX4 Websites of prominent Anti-Stratfordian Groups: https://deveresociety.co.uk/edward-de-vere-as-shakespeare/ https://shakespeareoxfordfellowship.org/the-oxfordian/ https://sirbacon.org/wells.htm Shakespeare Authorship Question and trustworthiness: https://youtu.be/5h1HJSNzDDI Traditional Shakespeare Sites: https://shakespeareauthorship.com/ ... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9pCG9sK68s